Compare to和compare with的區別
Compare with or compare to?
使用compare with 還是compare to呢？
In general terms, either preposition is correct, but the choice depends partly on meaning and partly on grammar. In addition, American English generally prefers to when there is a choice, whereas in British English the two different constructions are more evenly spread.
通常情況下，to和with都是正確的，但是究竟使用哪個介詞要根據含義和語法來決定。此外，當必須在to和with中做出選擇時，美式英語中常用to，但在英式英語中這兩種不同的結構均可使用。
Let’s look first at the meaning of each phrase. Compare to can be defined broadly as ‘to estimate the similarity or difference between things’. For example:
讓我們來看一下每一個短語的意義。Compare to可以廣義地定義爲“估計事物之間的相似性或者是差異”。例如：
Individual schools compared their facilities with those of others in the area.
私立學校將其設施與該地區其他學校的設施進行比較。
It is difficult to compare our results to studies conducted in the United States.
很難將我們的研究成果與在美國進行的研究成果相比較。
In this meaning, either preposition can be used.
在這種意義上，使用哪個介詞都可以。
However, when compare is used to say that one thing resembles another, or to make an analogy between two different things, to is obligatory:
然而，當compare被用來表示一件事物與另一件事相似，或者在兩件不同事情之間進行類比時，必須使用to:
Her novel was compared to the work of Daniel Defoe.
她的小說被比作丹尼爾·笛福的作品。
He compared children to young trees, both still growing and able to be shaped.
他把兒童比作年輕的樹，它們都還在成長，而且可以被塑造成型。
A Shakespearean example
一個莎士比亞的例子
One of the most famous lines in English poetry, from Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18, uses compare to in this way:
這是莎士比亞十四行詩的第18段，英語詩歌中最著名的一句話，在這句詩裏compare to是這樣使用的。
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?
我能否將你比作夏日中的一天？
Shakespeare is likening the addressee to a summer’s day, even though in the end he shows his beloved to be lovelier than such a day.
莎士比亞把收信人比作一個夏日，即使最後他說明他的愛人比夏日中這樣的一天還要可愛。
Intransitive uses
不及物動詞的使用
British English prefers with when compare is used intransitively, because similarities are being evaluated:
當compare被用作不及物動詞時，由於在估計相似之處，英式英語中常常使用with：
His achievements do not compare with those of A. J. Ayer.
他的成就無法跟A.J.耶爾的成就相比。
No other English painter can compare with Sutherland in the subtlety of his vision.
就眼界的敏銳性而言，沒有哪一位畫家能夠和薩瑟蘭相比。
In American English, however, compare to is possible and slightly more frequent:
然而，在美式英語中，compare to 更加常用。
None of those birds compare to L.A. pigeons.
這些鳥都比不上洛杉磯的鴿子。
No, today’s calamities don't compare to the Great Depression or even to the agricultural troubles of the 1980s.
不，今天的災難不能比作大蕭條，甚至也不能比作二十世紀八十年代的農業問題。
Compared to...
Compared to...
When the past participle compared introduces a subordinate clause or phrase, the preposition is either to or with, although here usage is moving in favour of to:
當過去分詞compared 引導一個從句或者是短語時，使用介詞to 或者是with都可以，雖然這裏的用法偏向於使用to:
This was a modest sum compared to what other people spent.
和其他人的花費相比，這是一筆相對較小的數額。
Compared to physics and astronomy, cosmology is a young science.
與物理學和天文學相比，宇宙學這一學科還較爲年輕。
However, compared with the USA and Japan, Europe contains a group of separate nation states.
然而，與美國和日本相比，歐洲有一些獨立的國家。
Comparable is used with to or with in line with the previous discussion, with a marked preference in current usage for to:
Comparable後使用to 還是with取決於之前的討論，現在的用法偏向使用to:
We find ourselves in a situation comparable to mediaeval times.
我們發現自己處於與中世紀相當的處境。
Comparison as the noun equivalent of compare can be followed by either with or to:
Comparison作爲compare的名詞後既可以接with也可以接to:
Poussin’s approach bears closest comparison to Michelangelo’s.
普珊的方法和米開朗基羅的方法是最接近的。
Prices for real estate in Tbilisi cannot stand comparison with Western capitals or indeed Moscow.
第比利斯的房地產價格無法與西方資本主義國家或者是莫斯科的房價相比。
The phrase in comparison to is more often used than in comparison with, but by comparison with is more frequent than by comparison to:
In comparison to比in comparison with更加常用，但是by comparison with卻比by comparison to更加常用：
The film is utterly benign in comparison to some of the more violent movies of today.
與現在比較暴力的電影相比，這部電影絕對是溫和的。
The standard is pitiable in comparison with other countries.
與其他國家的標準相比，這個標準引人憐憫。
By comparison with North Sea oil production, it is a drop in the ocean.
與北海的石油產量相比，這只是滄海一粟。
Essentially, both with and to are correct prepositions to use after compare, comparable, or comparison, although it may be worth checking the regional and grammatical context of the sentence when making your choice.
本質上來說，雖然compare，comparable或者是comparison後使用to或者是with都是正確的，但是當做出選擇用哪個介詞時，還是有必要檢查語境。
