高考英語重點詞彙辨析和易錯詞彙介紹

英語學習的基礎是掌握詞彙，爲了幫助大家更好的掌握一些英語詞彙，下面本站的小編將爲大家帶來高考英語的重點詞彙辨析，希望能夠幫助到大家。

se / charge

accuse 和charge都有“指責，控告”之意，有時可通用，但結構不一樣。accuse不一定針對重大過失或罪行，其結構爲accuse sb of sth。而charge一般用於重大過失或罪行，其結構爲charge sb with sth，此結構還有“使某人負有……責任”之意。例如：

例1：My father accused me of my being too careless. (父親責備我太粗心。)

例2：He accused me of neglecting my duty. (他指控我玩忽職守。)

例3：He charged me with neglecting my duty. (同上)

例4：Jimmy was charged with murder. (吉米被控謀殺。)

例5：He was charged with an important task. (他擔負有一項重要任務。)

/ add to / add up / add up to

add：增加，把……加上。add…to…：把……加到。例如：

例6：At the end of the party, we added another program.

例7：You needn’t add any water to the medicine.

add to：增添。指增添喜悅、悲傷、麻煩等。例如：

例8：His coming added to our trouble. (他的到來給我們添了麻煩。)

add up：加起來。例如：

例9：Have you added up all the numbers?

add up to：總計。表示加起來的結果，無被動結構。例如：

例10：All the numbers added up to 100.

se / suggest

advise：建議，勸說。例如：

例11：I advised (his) trying again. (= suggest)

例12：I advised that we (should) try again. (= suggest，虛擬語氣。)

例13：I advised him to give up smoking.

例14：I advised him not to smoke.

例15：Could you advise us on how to learn English?

例16：Could you give us some advice on how to learn English?

suggest：建議，表明，暗示。例如：

例17：We suggest having a meeting at once. (= advise)

例18：We suggest that a meeting (should) be held at once. (= advise，虛擬語氣。)

例19：His pale face suggests that he is in poor health. (他那蒼白的臉色表明他身體欠佳。)

e with / agree to / agree on

agree with：同意，贊成(後接“人”或what從句作賓語);適合，適應;一致。例如：

例20：I don’t quite agree with you.

例21：Nobody agreed with what he had said at the meeting.

例22：The weather here doesn’t agree with most of us. (這裏的天氣我們多數人不適應。)

例23：Your words do not agree with your actions. (你的言行不一。)

agree to：同意，贊成。指一方同意另一方的意見、建議、觀點、想法等。例如：

例24：John can’t agree to Joe’s idea.

agree on：對……達成共識。指雙方或多方對某事取得一致意見。例如：

例25：Finally John and Joe agreed on the plan.

w / permit / let / promise

allow：允許，許可。指聽任或默許，也可用來表示客氣的請求。例如：

例26：Who allowed you to leave the camp?

例27：Smoking is not allowed here.

例28：Please allow me to introduce myself to you.

permit：允許，許可。通常指正式的許可。例如：

例29：He declared that he would permit me to do so.

allow 和 permit 的含義雖然有所差別，但實際運用中兩者常通用。

let：允許，讓。其後的賓語補足語應是不帶to的不定式。一般不用於被動語態。例如：

例30：Don’t let this happen again.

例31：This is not allowed to happen again. (不說：This is not let to happen again.)

promise：答應，允諾。用於主動答應自己要做什麼的場合。例如：

例32：They promised an immediate reply.

例33：He promised to start at once.

例34：I promised him to see to the matter right away.

(我答應他馬上處理這件事。不定式to see to 是主語I發出的。)

unce / declare

announce：宣佈，宣告。常指首次公開或正式宣佈人們關心的某件事情。例如：

例35：The government announced that the danger was past.

例36：It was announced that the national science conference would soon be held in Beijing.

另外，要表達“向某人宣佈某事”，應用announce to sb sth。後接to sb的動詞還有say，explain等。例如：

例37：He announced to us the news and then said to us, “Now let me explain to you in details.”

(他向我們宣佈了這個消息，然後對我們說：“現在讓我詳細給你們解釋吧。”)

declare：宣佈，聲明。指以正式的話語公開宣佈某件事。例如：

例38：The chairman declared the exhibition open. (主席宣佈展覽會開幕。)

er / reply

answer：回答，迴應。例如：

例39：“Tom!” No one answered.

例40：Please answer the door-bell. (請去開門。)

例41：He answered that he knew nothing about it.

例42：No one was able to answer him a word.

reply：回答，答覆。作不及物動詞時，後需接to再接賓語;作及物動詞時，後直接接that從句或what從句，或用於倒裝句。例如：

例43：He replied to me, “I need the answer to the exercise.”

例44：He replied that he would not go.

例45：Not a word did she reply.(她一句話也不應。)

answer當名詞用時，與reply一樣，要接to。例如：

例46：He made no answer / reply to his questions.

ar / look / seem

appear：顯得，好像。有時含有表面上顯得，而事實未必的意味。例如：

例47：This kind of apples appears good, but in fact it tastes sour.

(這種蘋果看起來好，實際吃起來酸。)

seem：好像。暗示判斷有一定根據，往往接近事實。例如：

例48：You seem to have made the same mistake again this time.

(你這次似乎又犯了同樣的錯誤。)

例49：It seems that it is going to rain soon.

look：好像。表示憑感覺作出的判斷。例如：

例50：What’s wrong with you? You look pale.

例51：It looks like rain. (看來要下雨了。)

e / quarrel

argue：辯論，爭論。指提出理由或論據以支持或反駁某種意見或主張，着重說理。如：

例52：What are you arguing about?

例53：I argued with him the whole day.

quarrel：爭論，爭吵，吵架。例如：

例54：It’s unwise to quarrel with your boss about that. (爲那件事同你老闆爭吵是不明智的。)

ve / reach / get

arrive，reach和get都有“到達”的意思。arrive通常與介詞at或in連用，它和reach是比較正式的用語;reach是及物動詞;get通常與介詞to連用，在口語中常用。arrive和get後接副詞(如here, there, home等)時，不用介詞。reach和arrive at還有“達成(協議)，作出(決定)”的意思。例如：

例55：When we arrived at the station, the train had left.

例56：At five, they arrived in Beijing.

例57：The letter didn’t reach me until yesterday.

例58：At what time did you get to the post office?

例59：The two sides failed to reach / arrive at an agreement after several hours’ discussion.

(幾個小時的討論後，雙方還是沒能達成一致意見。)

/ inquire / question

ask：問(ask sb sth或ask sth of sb);請求(ask sb to do sth);要，索取(ask for sth)。例如：

例60：May I ask you some questions?

例61：Why did he ask you to come again?

例62：Did he ask for anything?

inquire：問，詢問。它與ask同義，但是比較正式的用語;與into連用時，表示“查究，調查”的意思。例如：

例63：I have inquired of him whether he could help me. (我已經問過他能否幫我。)

例64：We must inquire into the matter. (=look into，我們必須調查此事。)

question：提問，質問，審問，懷疑。例如：

例65：At first the girls read a chapter from their books, and then the teacher began to question them.

例66：I question whether he was once questioned by the police.

(我懷疑他是否曾被警方審問過。)

about to do sth / be to do sth

be about to do：即將，正要做……不加任何時間短語。例如：

例67：We were about to start when suddenly it began to rain.

be to do：計劃，約定;應該。例如：

例68：We are to start tomorrow.

例69：What is to be done next?(下一步做什麼?)

careful of / be careful with

be careful of：小心，當心，留神，注意。例如：

例70：The public were warned to be careful of rats. (公衆被警告要當心老鼠。)

be careful with：細心，注意。指細心地處理或對付某人或某事。例如：

例71：You’d better be careful with your work / pronunciation. (你得注意你的工作/發音。)

familiar with / be familiar to

be familiar with：對……熟悉。例如：

例72：Most of us are familiar with the pop star.

例73：John was very familiar with this kind of situation.

be familiar to：對……來說是熟悉的;爲……所熟知。例如：

例74：The pop star is familiar to most of us.

例75：This kind of situation was all too familiar to John. (=very familiar)

known for / be known as / be known to

be known for：因……而出名。例如：

例76：Our town is known for its stones.

be known as：作爲……而出名。例如：

例77：The town is known as a stone town.

be known to：被……知曉，瞭解。例如：

例78：The hot spring city is known to every one of them.

made of ( from / out of ) / be made into / be made up / be made up of

be made of：由……製成。用於由產品可以看出原材料。例如：

例79：The desk is made of wood.

be made from：由……製成。用於由產品看不出原材料。例如：

例80：Paper is made from wood.

be made out of：由……製成。例如：

例81：The desk / Paper is made out of wood.

be made into：製成……例如：

例82：Wood can be made into desks / paper.

be made up：由……編成。例如：

例83：Don’t believe him; the whole story was made up. (別信他的，整個過程都是捏造的。)

be made up of (=consist of)：由……組成。例如：

例84：This desk is made up of / consists of twelve pieces of wood.

tired of / be tired from / be tired out

be / get tired of：對……厭倦。例如：

例85：I am really tired of your words! (你的話我聽膩了!)

be tired from：因……疲倦。例如：

例86：I was so tired from climbing the hill that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow. (我爬山太累了，所以頭一碰枕頭/一躺下就睡着了。)

be tired out：筋疲力盡。相當於be worn out。例如：

例87：We were tired out when we climbed over the high mountain.

eve / believe in / depend on

believe：相信(指信某人的言語);認爲(相當於be sure)。例如：

例88：Don’t believe him; he’s lying. (別聽他的，他在說謊。)

例89：I believe they’ll succeed in the end.

believe in：信任(指勝任某人);信仰(指信仰真理、主張、宗教等)。例如：

例90：Don’t believe in him; he’s always lying. (不可信任他，他老說謊。)

例91：I believe what she said, but I don’t believe in her. (我相信她所說的，但我不信任她。)

例92：We must work, and above all we must believe in ourselves.

(我們得工作，最重要的是我們得信任自己。)

例93：Most of them believe in God.

depend on：信任(相當於believe in或trust);依靠(相當於live on);取決於。例如：

例94：He is a man to depend on / believe in / trust. (他是個可信任的人。)

例95：Do you still depend on / live on your parents? (你還靠父母嗎?)

例96：Everything depends on the weather tomorrow. (一切取決於明天的天氣。)

ow / lend

borrow：借，借用。指借入，不帶雙賓語。結構：borrow sth from sb。例如：

例97：Can I borrow your pen?

例98：He borrows money from me frequently.

lend：把……借給。指借出，可帶雙賓。結構：lend sb sth =lend sth to sb。例如：

例99：Could you lend me your pen?

例100：Will you lend your bike to me?

g / take / fetch / get / carry

bring：帶來。例如：

例101：Bring the book here tomorrow.

take：拿走。例如：

例102：Don’t take the magazines out of the reading-room.

fetch：去拿來。例如：

例103：Go downstairs and fetch me some water.

get：去拿來。與fetch同義，但較口語化。例如：

例104：She got him a good doctor. (她爲他請來了一位好醫生。)

carry：攜帶。指隨身攜帶，如捧、抱、扛、運等。例如：

例105：He carried a bag of rice on his shoulder.

例106：He often carries a pocket dictionary when he goes out.

(他出門時經常帶着一本袖珍詞典。)

1. clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes統指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠是複數， cloth指布，爲不可數名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. amount, number

amount後接不可數名詞， number後接可數名詞 a number of students

3. sound, voice, noise

sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

4. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事實或現象的直接原因，後接of sth./doing sth，reason用來解釋某種現象或結果的理由，後接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late

5. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise運動，鍛鍊(不可數)，exercises練習(可數)，practice(反覆做的)練習 Practice makes perfect.

6. officer, official

officer部隊的軍官，official政府官員 an army officer

7. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可數，job可數 a good job

8. cook, cooker

cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.

9. problem, question

problem常和困難連繫，前面的動詞常爲think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連繫，多和ask, answer連用

10. a number of, the number of

a number of許多，謂語動詞用複數。the number of…的數目，謂語動詞用單數。The number of students is increasing.

11. chick, chicken

二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當雞肉 The chicken is delicious.

12. trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip

13. in front of, in the front of

in front of範圍外的前面，in the front of範圍內的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.

14. three of us, the three of us

three of us我們(不止三個)中的三個，the three of us我們三個(就三個人)The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

15. by bus, on the bus

by bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus表範圍 They went there by bus.

16. for a moment, for the moment

for a moment 片刻，一會兒，for the moment暫時，一時 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

17. in a word, in words

in a word總之，一句話， in words口頭上 In a word, you are right.

18. in place of, in the place of

in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.

19. go to sea, by sea, by the sea

go to sea當海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海邊 go by sea

20. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

the doctor and teacher指一個人，既是醫生又是老師，the doctor and the teacher兩個人，一個醫生和一個老師 the doctor and teacher is

21. in office, in the office

in office在職的，in the office在辦公室裏 He is in office, not out of office.

22. in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of管理，負責照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

23. out of question, out of the question

out of question毫無疑問的，out of the question不可能的

24. a second, the second

a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.

25. by day, by the day

by day白天，by the day按天計算 The workers are paid by the day.

26. it, one

it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

27. none, nothing, no one

none強調有多少，nothing, no one強調有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人　--- How many…/How much…? --- None.

28. other, another

other後接名詞複數，another後接名詞單數 other students, another student

29. not a little, not a bit

not a little非常，not a bit一點也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點兒也不累。

30. many, much, a lot of

many和可數名詞連用，much和不可數名詞連用，a lot of可數，不可數均可，但不用於否定句 I haven't many books.

31. no, not

no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water

32. no more than, not more than

no more than相當於only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過

33. tall, high

tall常指人或動物，high常指物體 He is tall.

34. fast, quickly

fast側重於指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly側重指某事完成或發生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly

35. high, highly

high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of

36. sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.

37. respectful, respectable

respectful尊敬，有禮貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged

38. pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定語，pleased, pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常爲人，pleasing主語常爲物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.

39. close, closely

close接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close

40. ill, sick

ill做表語，sick定，表均可 a sick boy

41. good, well

good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.

42. hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.

43. late, lately

late遲，晚，lately最近，近來 I haven't seen him lately.

44. living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均爲活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語後置，live只能做定語，lively意爲活波的 all the living people=all the people alive

45. excited, exciting

excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.

46. deep, deeply

deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep

47. before long, long before

before long不久以後，long before很久以前 not long before = before long

48. instead, instead of

instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

49. too much, much too

too much 後接不可數名詞，much too後接形容詞 much too heavy

50. raise, rise

raise及物動詞，rise不及物動詞 The sun rises in the east.

51. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動作 fetch a box of chalk

52. spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主語，花錢，花時間; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主語，花時間; pay人做主語，花錢，pay for; cost物做主語，花錢

53. join, join in, take part in

join加入某個組織，併成爲其中的一員;join in參加小型的活動, join sb. in;take part in 參加大型的活動 He joined the army five years ago.

54. leave, leave for

leave離開，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.

55. used to, be used to

used to過去常常，be used to習慣於，後接sth./doing sth.;被用來，後接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.

56. win, lose, beat

win後接sth.，反義詞爲lose, beat後接sb. win the game, beat them

57. live on, live by

live on以…爲主食，live by靠…謀生 live on fish/ live by fishing

58. lose, miss

lose失去(具體的物體)，錯過 sth. is lost, lose the chance;miss 想念，錯過sth. is missing, miss the chance

59. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厭煩…，be tired with/from因爲…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters

60. care about, care for

care about關心，計較，在乎，一般多用於否定句中;care for關心，照料，喜歡，願意 He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.

61. feed, raise

feed餵養，養活，飼養 (to give food to)， raise飼養，養育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family

62. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more practice.

67. die from, die of

die from表示死於(槍)傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，die of表示死於疾病，飢餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素 die of hunger and cold

68. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for爲…付錢，pay back還錢，但不一定還清，pay off還清 pay for the book, pay off the debt

69. arrive, get, reach

arrive不及物動詞，後接in (大地點)，at(小地點)，get不及物動詞後接to，reach及物動詞 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

70. manage, try

manage to do設法做成了某事，try to do盡力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

71. be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to某物對某人來說是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.

72. agree with, agree to, agree on

agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上達成一致意見，主語是複數 agree with you, agree to the plan

73. receive, accept

receive收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.

74. wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表狀態,wear接衣服等,可用進行時，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表動作 It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.

75. listen, hear

listen強調動作，hear強調結果 I listened, but I heard nothing.

76. look, see, watch

look看的動作，see看的結果，watch強調所看物體的變化、移動和發展watch TV

77. lie, lay

lie躺，位於(lay, lain),說謊(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book

78. hurt, injure, wound

hurt感情上受傷，injure事故中受傷，wound戰爭中受傷 He was wounded in the war.

79. turn, get, grow

turn表突變，後常接表顏色的詞，get強調變的結果，grow強調過程，逐漸的變化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big

80. happen, take place

happen偶然性的沒有預料到的事情的發生，take place必然性的發生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

81. at, in (表地點)

at小地點，in大地點 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai

82. increase to, increase by

increase to增長到…，increase by增長了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.

83. since, for (完成時間狀語)

since接點時間或一句話，for接一段時間 for three years, since 3:00

84. on earth, on the earth, in the earth

on earth在世上，在人間，到底，究竟，一點也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土裏 no use on earth

85. in surprise, to one's surprise

in surprise驚奇地，to one's surprise使某人吃驚的是，

86. in the air, on the air, in the sky

in the air正在醞釀中，on the air播送，廣播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.

87. through, across

through穿越空間，across在…上穿過 through the forest, across the desert

88. on the way, in the way

on the way在前往…的路上，in the way擋路 The chair is in the way.

89. above, on, over

above在上面，不接觸，on在上面，接觸，over在正上方 fly over the hill

90. until, not…until

until到…爲止， not…until直到…才(常跟點動詞連用)I waited until 3:00. He didn't come until 3:00.

91. besides, except, except for

besides除了…還(包括在內)except除了(不包括在內)，except for整體…除了某一點以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

92. weather, if

當是否解時，只有在賓語從句中二者可以互換，其餘都用weather，當如果解時用if I don't know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I'll let you know.

93. because, since, as, for

原因由強到弱爲：because, since/as, for. 在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2) Since/as…, … 3) …, for… Since I was ill, I didn't go.

94. when, as, while (表時間)

when從句動詞點動詞，持續性動詞均可，as重在表示動作同時發生，伴隨進行，while從句動詞爲持續性動詞 While I slept, a thief broke in.

95. the same…as, the same…that

the same…as和…一樣的(相似但不同一)， the same…that 同一物體 This is the same pen that I used yesterday. (同一支筆)

96. as well, as well as

as well也，常放於句末，和and連用表示既…又;as well as並列連詞，不但…而且… He is a professor, and a writer as well.

97. such…as, such…that

such…as像…樣的，such…that如此…以至於 He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.

98. because, because of

because連詞，連接兩句話，because of介詞短語，後接詞或短語 He didn't go to school because of his illness.

99. in order that, in order to

表目的，in order that後接句子，in order to後接動詞原形 I got up early in order to catch the first bus. I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.

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