萬萬沒想到 這些語言的祖先都是英語
English has morphed into several other languages all over the world.
英語已經演變成世界各地好幾門其它語言。
Languages are ever changing, mixing and mutating, and sometimes they give birth to new e important factors linguists have identified in languages giving birth to other languages are time, separation, and contact.
語言一直在變，有混合、有演變，有時候還會產生新的語言。語言學家發現語言產生語言的三大因素爲時間、分離和聯繫。
All languages change with time, as speakers innovate and does not quickly make a new language, but it can over time.
所有語言都隨時代而變，說語言時人們精簡話語、有所創新。語言不是一蹴而就的，需要時間。
Separation – geographical distance, cultural divergence, political independence – helps give a changed version of a language an independent identity.
分離，即地理上的距離、文化分化和政治獨立，給了語言獨立的省份。
Contact with other languages is a very important force: mutual influence leads to borrowing of words and even grammatical structures.
和其它語言的交流也是很重要的因素：相互影響引發借用其它語言的詞彙、乃至語法結構。
Sometimes a simplified version is created for the purposes of trade, often using simplified grammar mainly from one language and adapted words from mainly from the other.
有時候，出於貿易的目的創造了簡化版語言，通常用簡化一門語言的語法，又從另一門語言借鑑改裝了幾個詞。
Which languages will be to English as French and Italian are to Latin?
那麼如同法語、意大利語和拉丁語的關係，哪些語言和英語有這般關係呢?
Tok Pisin
新美拉尼西亞語
Tok Pisin is an official language of Papua New Guinea and has about 120,000 native speakers and some 4 million second-language speakers. Tok Pisin began as a pidgin based on English with influence from German, Portuguese, and several Austronesian languages, but it gained native speakers who more fully elaborated it and made it a creole.
新美拉尼西亞語是巴布亞新幾內亞獨立國的官方語言，有12萬人以此爲母語，有4百萬人以此爲第二語言。新美拉尼西亞語一開始受德語、葡萄牙語和其它幾門奧斯特羅尼西亞語言影響，是一門語言大雜燴，但以新美拉尼西亞語爲母語的人多了，改良了語言，形成了克里奧語。
Pitkern
皮特肯語
The isolation of Pitcairn in the South Pacific and the mixture of people there made it a natural breeding ground for a distinct language, Pitkern.
皮特克恩地處南太平洋，偏居一隅，人羣混雜，自然而然形成了別具一格的皮特肯語。
Gullah
嘎勒英語
Gullah is a creole based on English and West African languages, and it is spoken by some 250,000 people – mostly descendants of slaves – along the south-east coast of the US.
嘎勒英語是以英語和西非語言爲基礎的克里奧語，有25萬人說嘎勒英語，多爲奴隸的後代。
Sranan
斯拉南語
Sranan, spoken in Suriname, has an English base with vocabulary from Portuguese, Dutch, and West African languages.
蘇里南共和國說斯拉南語，以英語爲基礎，詞彙來自葡萄牙語、荷蘭語和西非語言。
Singlish
新加坡英語
Singlish arose in the past century from the mixing of many different language groups within an English school system.
新加坡英語上一世紀興起，混集了英語學校體系中多種語系。
