清華大學榮膺全國高校首富稱號
Tsinghua University, one of the two most prestigious institutions for higher education in China, has been crowned the country’s wealthiest school, with annual revenues reaching 12.36 billion yuan ($1.93 billion)， a new ranking said。
最新排名顯示，作爲國內最著名的兩所高校之一，清華大學以年收入123.6億元(19.3億美元)榮獲全國“高校首富”稱號。
It was followed by Zhejiang University, Peking University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, according to a list of the richest universities in China based on balance sheets from 76 varsities。
根據目前76所部屬高校公開的決算數據而得出的“高校富豪榜”顯示，緊隨清華之後的分別爲浙江大學、北京大學和上海交通大學。
Though Chinese universities are getting closer to the top global institutions in terms of investment, gaps still exists in their funding, said Xiong Bingqi, vice-president of the 21st Century Education Research Institute in Shanghai。
上海21世紀教育研究院副院長熊丙奇介紹道，中國高校雖然在投入方面同世界頂尖名校的差距正在縮小，但資金缺口依然存在。
Tsinghua University expects annual revenue of 12.36 billion yuan for its 2014 fiscal year, followed by Zhejiang University with 10.9 billion yuan and Peking University of 8.6 billion yuan。
清華大學在2014財年的年度收入爲123.6億元，其後的浙江大學和北京大學分別爲109億元和86億元。
The United States-based Harvard University reported an income of $4.2 billion for the fiscal year 2013, while the financial overview by the US-based Yale University indicates it had total revenue and investment returns of about $6.296 billion for the fiscal year ending June 2014.
據報道，美國哈佛大學在2013財年的收入爲42億美元，而耶魯大學的財報顯示其截止2014財年6月份的收入和投資回報爲62.96億美元。
Unlike many top universities abroad, which see a larger proportion of donations for better financial independence, Chinese universities usually see very few donations compared with the fiscal appropriation, said Xiong。
不同的是，國外頂尖大學爲了獲取更多的財政獨立，其捐款所佔收入比重較大，而國內高校的捐款同財政撥款相比所佔比重非常小。
While the endowment in Harvard University reached $36.4 billion in fiscal 2014, Wuhan University, the sixth-richest in China, and Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the eighth-richest, received respective donations of 40.69 million yuan ($6.35 million) and 27.49 million yuan ($4.29 million) last year, according to their balance sheets。
通過資產負債表來看，相比哈佛大學2014財年接受的364億美元捐款，中國“高校富豪榜”上排名第六的武漢大學和排名第八的華中科技大學接受的捐款分別爲4069萬元(635萬美元)和2849萬元(429萬美元)。
Alumni, parents, and friends also make gifts to Yale with many kinds of assets and in a variety of forms, including cash, checks, credit card payments, gifts of marketable securities, and other assets, according to the school。
耶魯大學介紹，校友、學生家長和朋友通過各種形式向耶魯捐贈，包括現金、支票、信用卡、有價證券和其他資產等。
"The major sources of revenue for most Chinese universities are fiscal appropriation and revenue undertakings, while some European and US universities see the major source of revenue being donations from alumni," he said。
熊丙奇介紹：“大部分中國高校的主要收入來源爲財政撥款和公共收入，而歐美高校的主要收入來源爲校友捐款。”
"Too much fiscal appropriation from the government will interfere with the administrative reviews and education and academic research to some extent."
“某種程度上來講，太多的政府財政撥款會影響高校的行政考覈、教育和學術研究等。”
According to the list, compared with universities offering literature and social sciences, science and engineering institutions generate more revenue and expenditure due to their massive outlay on scientific research。
從榜單中可看出，相較於高校中的人文社科等學科，理工科因龐大的科研經費而佔據了更多的收入和支出。
Most of the universities under the 985 Project, a decade-old government-run education plan for setting up world-class universities in the country, are reliant on fiscal appropriations, which account for as much as 60 percent of the total revenue, he said。
熊丙奇稱，大部分“985”工程院校(政府在10年前爲打造世界一流大學而開啓的計劃)依賴財政撥款，財政撥款佔到其總收入60%。
Universities from the 985 and 211 Project, another official higher education program, also receive the most national educational resources, he said。
他說，“985”和“211”工程(另一項高校計劃)高校也佔據了國家大部分教育資源。
Fudan University, Wuhan University, Jilin University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University and Sichuan University were also among the top 10 richest schools in China。
復旦大學、武漢大學、吉林大學、華中科技大學、中山大學和四川大學也分別上榜，位列中國“高校富豪榜”前十名。
