研究發現：拍照能增強人們對生活的記憶
Turns Out That Taking Photos Really Does Help You Remember All Those Great Experiences
研究發現，拍照片真的能幫你把那些美好的回憶記得更牢
Is our non-stop photo-taking pulling us out of the moments that matter and causing us to forget what we've seen? Maybe not, according to new research looking at the relationship between snapping pictures and forming memories.
我們那從不停止的拍照惡習真的在讓我們無法享受當下、並讓我們忘了自己看到了什麼嗎？根據一項最新的關於拍照和記憶形成的研究，事實可能並不是這樣。
During the study, 294 volunteers were asked to tour a museum exhibit listening to an audio guide – those in one group were encouraged to take photos, while those in another had to leave their phones and cameras behind.
在這項研究裏，294名志願者被要求戴着有聲嚮導參觀一家博物館——其中一組被鼓勵多拍照片，而另一組則必須把他們的手機和相機留下。
When questioned afterwards, the photo takers could remember more about what they'd seen and less about what they'd heard.
在後續的問詢中，拍照片的一組能記住更多他們看到的東西，但卻只能記住更少他們聽到的內容。
The result suggests the act of taking pictures and seeking out worthy frames to capture helps fix memories in our minds, according to the researchers.
研究者們說，這個結果表明：拍照這個動作，以及尋找值得拍的角度的過程，都在幫助我們穩固大腦中的記憶。
"Our research is novel because it shows that photo-taking itself improves memory for visual aspects of an experience but can hurt memory for non-visual aspects, like auditory details," said the team, from New York University, University of Southern California, University of Pennsylvania and Yale University, in a statement.
“我們的研究是革新性的，它表明拍照能夠強化我們對一段經歷的視覺記憶，但卻會妨礙非視覺的記憶——比如聽到的細節。”研究團隊在一次聲明中說到。（這個研究團隊的成員分別來自紐約大學、南加州大學、賓夕法尼亞大學和耶魯大學）
The museum test was backed up with a follow-up experiment using a virtual art gallery app on a smartphone.
這次博物館實驗得到了一個後續實驗的支持，這個實驗用的是智能手機上的虛擬畫廊。
Some volunteers could take screenshots and some couldn't, and the same pattern was repeated – those who grabbed digital memories remembered more of what they'd seen, but less of what they'd heard from an audio commentary.
一些志願者可以進行截屏，而另一些則不能；實驗結果中出現了同樣的模式——那些可以截屏的人記住了更多他們看到的東西，但卻記住了更少的他們聽到的音頻評論。
The positive effect on visual memory was greater than the negative effect on auditory memory, the researchers found.
研究者們還發現：視覺記憶上的增強效果大於聽覺記憶上的削弱效果。
What's more, in both experiments those who could snap photos were also more likely to remember objects they hadn't specifically taken pictures of as well as ones they had.
此外，在兩個試驗中，那些能夠拍照的人都更容易記住一些他們並沒有特地去拍的東西。
"These findings suggest that having a camera changes how people approach an experience in a fundamental way," says the team.
研究團隊說：“這說明，光是拿着一個相機，就能從根本上改變人們對待一次經歷的方式。”
The research has been published in Psychological Science.
這項研究是被髮表在《心理科學》上的。
