研究：女性癌症患病率增長快

癌症是全世界首要的死因之一。根據英國癌症研究（Cancer Research）最新的預測顯示，英國每兩人中將會有一人在人生的某個階段患癌症。而爲了預防癌症，我們首先要做到的就是保持健康的生活方式，控制體重，不吸菸，多運動。

Cancer rates are set to rise six times faster in women than in men over the next two decades, new data has shown.
最新數據顯示，在未來二十年，女性癌症患病率的增長速度將比男性快六倍。

Obesity and unhealthy lifestyles are behind an increased cancer risk for both sexes, warned Cancer Research UK – and women will suffer disproportionately from the rise.
英國癌症研究中心提醒稱，男性和女性癌症患病風險均有增加的背後原因是肥胖症和不健康的生活方式。

This is because a number of types of cancer linked to being obese only affect women, such as womb cancer, ovarian cancer and postmenopausal breast cancer. Cervical and oral cancers were also found to be on the rise among women.
這是因爲很多種與肥胖相關的癌症類型僅會影響女性，比如子宮癌、卵巢癌和絕經後乳腺癌。女性中的宮頸癌和口腔癌患病率也在上升。

Sir Harpal Kumar, the charity’s chief executive, said the figures showed “the huge challenge we continue to face, both in the UK and worldwide.” More people die from cancer than AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis put together, he said.
該機構負責人哈帕•庫馬爾爵士說，這些數據表明“我們將繼續在英國乃至全世界面臨巨大挑戰。”他說，因癌症去世的人數比死於艾滋病、瘧疾和肺結核的總人數要多。

“With more investment into research, we hope to make big improvements over the next 20 years in diagnosing the disease earlier and improving and developing treatments so that by 2034, three in four people will survive their disease,” said Sir Harpal.
哈帕說：“隨着研究得到更多投資，我們希望未來二十年在更早診斷、提高和改進治療方面做出更大進步，這樣到2034年，四分之三的患者能生存下來。”

An estimated 4.5 million women and 4.8 million men will be diagnosed with cancer by 2035, according to the organisation, with cancer rates rising by around three percent for women and half a percent for men.
據該機構估計，到2035年，英國將有450萬女性和480萬男性被確認患上癌症。女性癌症患病率將增加大約3%，男性大約增加0.5%。

Drinking alcohol is also impacting on women's cancer rates, but not to the same degree as smoking and obesity.
飲酒也會影響女性的癌症患病率，但影響不及吸菸和肥胖。

Breast, prostate, lung and bowel cancer are the most common cancers, accounting for more than half (53 percent) of new cases of cancer each year in the UK.
最常見的癌症是乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌和腸癌，佔到英國每年新發癌症病例的超過半數（53%）。

Figures show that cases of breast cancer are expected to rise from 54,833 in 2014 to 71,022 in 2035.
數據顯示，乳腺癌患病人數將從2014年的54833例增加到2035年的71022例。

Ovarian cancer cases will jump from 7,367 to 10,500, while lung cancer cases will go up from 21,633 to 29,957.
卵巢癌患病人數將從7367例增加到10500例，肺癌患病人數將從21633例增加29957例.

Sarah Toule, head of health information at World Cancer Research Fund, said: “Cancer is a devastating disease and it is concerning that rates are predicted to rise so sharply in women, especially as so many cancer cases could be prevented.
世界癌症基金會健康信息主管Sarah Toule說：“癌症很有破壞性，女性癌症患病率增加如此之快，這令人擔憂，尤其是在很多種癌症可以預防的情況下。”

“In fact, our evidence shows that around a third of the most common cancer cases could be prevented if people were a healthy weight, had a healthier diet and were more active.
“事實上，我們的證據顯示，如果人們保持健康的體重，食用健康的飲食，更積極鍛鍊身體，大約三分之一的最常見癌症可以預防。”

“For breast cancer, this would mean preventing around two in five cases.”
“對乳腺癌來說，這意味着大約五分之二的患者原本可以不生病。”

Professor Kevin Fenton, director of health and wellbeing at Public Health England, urged people to adopt healthier lifestyles to lessen their likelihood of developing the disease.
英格蘭公共衛生局健康及福利主管凱文-芬頓教授敦促人們採用更健康的生活方式，減少患病可能性。

“The top things we can all do to prevent and reduce the risk of cancer are quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, being physically active and attending cancer screening when invited,” he said.
他說：“爲了預防和降低癌症患病風險，我們首先要戒菸，保持健康的體重，多進行體育鍛煉，並在受邀時參加癌症篩查。”

More than half of women, 58 percent, and 65 percent of men in England were overweight or obese in 2014, according to the Health and Social Care Information Centre.
根據健康與社會保健信息中心的數據，在2014年，英格蘭地區有超過半數的女性（58%）和65%的男性超重。

As well as breast, womb and ovarian cancer, obesity is associated with increased risks of pancreatic, kidney, thyroid and colon cancer among others.
除了乳腺癌、子宮癌和卵巢癌，肥胖還可能增加胰腺癌、腎癌、甲狀腺癌和結腸癌的患病風險。