改革開放30年reform and open 30 years

After more than two decades of headlong rush to transform China from an autarkic centrally planned economy into a limited open-market economy， Hu is now leading a nation in the midst of fateful debates about the most effective and balanced route toward a modern harmonious socialist society. Autarky has never been voluntary Chinese policy under socialism but rather an externally imposed sanction of the Cold War.

經過二十多年的衝鋒陷陣，中國從一個自給自足的中央計劃經濟進入有限公開市場經濟,胡錦濤現在正在領導國家走向最有效的、平衡的現代社會主義和諧社會路線的重大辯論中。自給自足從來不是中國在社會主義中自願的政策而是一個外部強加的冷戰制裁。

China's shift toward market economy in the past two and a half decades was not taken in isolation from world trends. When Deng Xiaoping introduced the "open/reform" policies in 1979， toward the end of the Cold War， it was a rational response to a world infatuated with the extravagant promises of neo-liberal free trade. A quarter of a century later，while such open/reform policies have achieved spectacular results in bringing China forward into a modern interdependent world， the glaring resultant imbalances，such as excessive dependence on exports， worsening income disparity，regional development gaps， rampant official corruption，serious environmental crisis and near-total collapse of the social-service network and safety net，are raising calls for rethinking the wisdom of falling for the empty promises of neo-liberal globalization.

中國在過去二十五年裏向市場經濟轉變並沒有與世界趨勢隔絕。當鄧小平在1979年，冷戰即將結束時提出“改革開放”政策時,對於新貿易自由主義是一個合理的迴應世界迷戀奢侈的承諾。二十五年後,當改革開放政策把中國帶進一個相互依存的現代世界中取得了令人矚目的成果時,炫目導致了失衡，比如：過度依賴出口、收入差距變大、區域發展差距、官員腐敗猖獗、嚴重的環境危機和幾乎崩潰的網絡社會服務和安全網，這些的加劇呼籲大家要重新認真考慮對新自由主義全球化的所開的空頭支票。

There is no disagreement among the youth who are destined to shoulder the continuing task of national reconstruction toward economic prosperity and cultural renaissance on the need for further opening/reform. The dispute is on the correct definition and path of opening/reform： open to neo-colonialism and reform toward social inequality and moral decay，or open to assuming a legitimate place as a strong and peaceful nation in a world order of free sovereign nations of equality and reform toward creative and scientific socialist construction based on equality，justice and freedom for all.

註定要不斷承擔國家重建、文藝復興任務的青年們對於進一步改革開放的需求並沒有分歧。分歧在於正確的定義改革開放以及改革開放的途徑：對新殖民主義、社會不平等和道德淪喪改革,或開放的假設一個合法的地方在自由平等的世界秩序中作爲一個強大的、和平的走向改革創新和科學社會主義、基於平等、正義和自由建設的自由主權國家。

Over the past 30 years， China has been firmly pressing ahead with the implementation of the reform program and the initiative of opening up to the outside world. With the establishment of a preliminary socialist market economy， and the nation‘s economy attaining an outward-oriented perspective， the productive forces and the comprehensive national competence have been on the rising curve constantly. And various social undertakings have been developing in full swing. The living standard of the Chinese people as a whole has undergone a historical leap from a subsistence level to the level of moderate prosperity.

在過去的30年裏,中國一直堅決推進改革的實施改革項目並主動的向世界開放。隨着社會主義市場經濟的初步建立以及整個國家的經濟正達到一個外向型的角度上來看，生產力和國家綜合競爭力一直呈現在不斷上升的曲線。各項社會事業發展正在如火如荼地進行着。中國人民的生活水平作爲一個整體已經經歷了一個歷史性的飛躍，從溫飽水平達到小康水平。

In the 30 years between 1978 and 2003， the annual growth rate of China's economy was running at an average of 9.4 percent，with its GDP jumping from 147.3 billion US dollars to over 1.4 trillion US dollars.

在1978年和2003年之間的30年中,中國經濟的年增長率平均在9.4%，國內生產總值從1473億美元到超過1.4萬億美元。
30 years ago，China‘s foreign trade value and foreign exchange reserves each stood at 20.6 billion and 167 million in US dollars，but last year they shot up to 851.2 billion US dollars and 403.3 billion US dollars respectively.

30年前,中國的對外貿易和外匯儲備價值分別是206億和1.67億美元,但去年他們分別上升到8512億美元和4033億美元。
China has now become the sixth largest economy and the fourth largest trader in the world.

中國現在已經成爲第六大經濟體和世界上第四大貿易國。
The tremendous changes in China are attributed to the fact that we have adhered to the path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and persevered in our reform and opening endeavors，which brought into full play the Chinese people's initiative， enthusiasm and creativeness.

中國的巨大變化是由於這樣的事實,即我們堅持建設有中國特色社會主義道路，堅持改革開放政策，發揮了中國人們的主動性,積極性和創造性。

Though China has scored impressive achievements in its development， we must not lose sight of our problems：overpopulation，a weak economic foundation， underdeveloped productivity，highly uneven development，and the fairly sharp contradictions between the country's ecological environment and natural resources on the one hand and its economic and social development on the other hand,China's per capita GDP，though reaching the record high of 1，000 US dollars last year， still ranks well behind the 100th place in the world. To realize China's modernization program and offer all the Chinese people a prosperous life there is yet an uphill battle to fight.

儘管中國在其發展中已經取得巨大的成就,但是我們必須正視我們的問題:人口過剩,經濟基礎薄弱,生產力不發達,高度不平衡發展,在國家生態環境和自然資源中相當尖銳的矛盾,一方面，其經濟和社會發展。另一方面，中國的人均GDP,雖然去年達到了創紀錄的1000美元,但仍然遠遠落後於世界百強。實現中國的現代化計劃,並提供所有的中國人一個繁榮的生活，仍然還有一場艱苦的戰鬥。

We have already set our vision for the first 20 years of this century， which involves the building of a moderately prosperous society of a higher standard in an all-round way for the benefit of well over one billion Chinese people. By 2020 the GDP will be quadrupled from the figure of 2000 to 4 trillion US dollars， with the per capita level averaging at 3，000 US dollars. By then the nation will be immersed in an ambience of greater social harmony with an improved quality of life for the people，featuring a more developed economy，more sound democracy，more thriving culture and more advanced science and education.

我們已經設立這個世紀第一個20年的願望了,包括全面建設的一個更高的標準、利益超過十億的中國人的小康社會。到2020年,GDP將比2000年翻了兩番達到4萬億美元,人均平均水平在3000美元。到那時國家會沉浸在一個更大的社會和諧的氛圍並且改善人民生活質量,營造更發達的經濟,更民主、更繁榮的文化和更先進的科學和教育。