高考英语重点词汇辨析和易错词汇介绍

英语学习的基础是掌握词汇，为了帮助大家更好的掌握一些英语词汇，下面本站的小编将为大家带来高考英语的重点词汇辨析，希望能够帮助到大家。

se / charge

accuse 和charge都有“指责，控告”之意，有时可通用，但结构不一样。accuse不一定针对重大过失或罪行，其结构为accuse sb of sth。而charge一般用于重大过失或罪行，其结构为charge sb with sth，此结构还有“使某人负有……责任”之意。例如：

例1：My father accused me of my being too careless. (父亲责备我太粗心。)

例2：He accused me of neglecting my duty. (他指控我玩忽职守。)

例3：He charged me with neglecting my duty. (同上)

例4：Jimmy was charged with murder. (吉米被控谋杀。)

例5：He was charged with an important task. (他担负有一项重要任务。)

/ add to / add up / add up to

add：增加，把……加上。add…to…：把……加到。例如：

例6：At the end of the party, we added another program.

例7：You needn’t add any water to the medicine.

add to：增添。指增添喜悦、悲伤、麻烦等。例如：

例8：His coming added to our trouble. (他的到来给我们添了麻烦。)

add up：加起来。例如：

例9：Have you added up all the numbers?

add up to：总计。表示加起来的结果，无被动结构。例如：

例10：All the numbers added up to 100.

se / suggest

advise：建议，劝说。例如：

例11：I advised (his) trying again. (= suggest)

例12：I advised that we (should) try again. (= suggest，虚拟语气。)

例13：I advised him to give up smoking.

例14：I advised him not to smoke.

例15：Could you advise us on how to learn English?

例16：Could you give us some advice on how to learn English?

suggest：建议，表明，暗示。例如：

例17：We suggest having a meeting at once. (= advise)

例18：We suggest that a meeting (should) be held at once. (= advise，虚拟语气。)

例19：His pale face suggests that he is in poor health. (他那苍白的脸色表明他身体欠佳。)

e with / agree to / agree on

agree with：同意，赞成(后接“人”或what从句作宾语);适合，适应;一致。例如：

例20：I don’t quite agree with you.

例21：Nobody agreed with what he had said at the meeting.

例22：The weather here doesn’t agree with most of us. (这里的天气我们多数人不适应。)

例23：Your words do not agree with your actions. (你的言行不一。)

agree to：同意，赞成。指一方同意另一方的意见、建议、观点、想法等。例如：

例24：John can’t agree to Joe’s idea.

agree on：对……达成共识。指双方或多方对某事取得一致意见。例如：

例25：Finally John and Joe agreed on the plan.

w / permit / let / promise

allow：允许，许可。指听任或默许，也可用来表示客气的请求。例如：

例26：Who allowed you to leave the camp?

例27：Smoking is not allowed here.

例28：Please allow me to introduce myself to you.

permit：允许，许可。通常指正式的许可。例如：

例29：He declared that he would permit me to do so.

allow 和 permit 的含义虽然有所差别，但实际运用中两者常通用。

let：允许，让。其后的宾语补足语应是不带to的不定式。一般不用于被动语态。例如：

例30：Don’t let this happen again.

例31：This is not allowed to happen again. (不说：This is not let to happen again.)

promise：答应，允诺。用于主动答应自己要做什么的场合。例如：

例32：They promised an immediate reply.

例33：He promised to start at once.

例34：I promised him to see to the matter right away.

(我答应他马上处理这件事。不定式to see to 是主语I发出的。)

unce / declare

announce：宣布，宣告。常指首次公开或正式宣布人们关心的某件事情。例如：

例35：The government announced that the danger was past.

例36：It was announced that the national science conference would soon be held in Beijing.

另外，要表达“向某人宣布某事”，应用announce to sb sth。后接to sb的动词还有say，explain等。例如：

例37：He announced to us the news and then said to us, “Now let me explain to you in details.”

(他向我们宣布了这个消息，然后对我们说：“现在让我详细给你们解释吧。”)

declare：宣布，声明。指以正式的话语公开宣布某件事。例如：

例38：The chairman declared the exhibition open. (主席宣布展览会开幕。)

er / reply

answer：回答，回应。例如：

例39：“Tom!” No one answered.

例40：Please answer the door-bell. (请去开门。)

例41：He answered that he knew nothing about it.

例42：No one was able to answer him a word.

reply：回答，答复。作不及物动词时，后需接to再接宾语;作及物动词时，后直接接that从句或what从句，或用于倒装句。例如：

例43：He replied to me, “I need the answer to the exercise.”

例44：He replied that he would not go.

例45：Not a word did she reply.(她一句话也不应。)

answer当名词用时，与reply一样，要接to。例如：

例46：He made no answer / reply to his questions.

ar / look / seem

appear：显得，好像。有时含有表面上显得，而事实未必的意味。例如：

例47：This kind of apples appears good, but in fact it tastes sour.

(这种苹果看起来好，实际吃起来酸。)

seem：好像。暗示判断有一定根据，往往接近事实。例如：

例48：You seem to have made the same mistake again this time.

(你这次似乎又犯了同样的错误。)

例49：It seems that it is going to rain soon.

look：好像。表示凭感觉作出的判断。例如：

例50：What’s wrong with you? You look pale.

例51：It looks like rain. (看来要下雨了。)

e / quarrel

argue：辩论，争论。指提出理由或论据以支持或反驳某种意见或主张，着重说理。如：

例52：What are you arguing about?

例53：I argued with him the whole day.

quarrel：争论，争吵，吵架。例如：

例54：It’s unwise to quarrel with your boss about that. (为那件事同你老板争吵是不明智的。)

ve / reach / get

arrive，reach和get都有“到达”的意思。arrive通常与介词at或in连用，它和reach是比较正式的用语;reach是及物动词;get通常与介词to连用，在口语中常用。arrive和get后接副词(如here, there, home等)时，不用介词。reach和arrive at还有“达成(协议)，作出(决定)”的意思。例如：

例55：When we arrived at the station, the train had left.

例56：At five, they arrived in Beijing.

例57：The letter didn’t reach me until yesterday.

例58：At what time did you get to the post office?

例59：The two sides failed to reach / arrive at an agreement after several hours’ discussion.

(几个小时的讨论后，双方还是没能达成一致意见。)

/ inquire / question

ask：问(ask sb sth或ask sth of sb);请求(ask sb to do sth);要，索取(ask for sth)。例如：

例60：May I ask you some questions?

例61：Why did he ask you to come again?

例62：Did he ask for anything?

inquire：问，询问。它与ask同义，但是比较正式的用语;与into连用时，表示“查究，调查”的意思。例如：

例63：I have inquired of him whether he could help me. (我已经问过他能否帮我。)

例64：We must inquire into the matter. (=look into，我们必须调查此事。)

question：提问，质问，审问，怀疑。例如：

例65：At first the girls read a chapter from their books, and then the teacher began to question them.

例66：I question whether he was once questioned by the police.

(我怀疑他是否曾被警方审问过。)

about to do sth / be to do sth

be about to do：即将，正要做……不加任何时间短语。例如：

例67：We were about to start when suddenly it began to rain.

be to do：计划，约定;应该。例如：

例68：We are to start tomorrow.

例69：What is to be done next?(下一步做什么?)

careful of / be careful with

be careful of：小心，当心，留神，注意。例如：

例70：The public were warned to be careful of rats. (公众被警告要当心老鼠。)

be careful with：细心，注意。指细心地处理或对付某人或某事。例如：

例71：You’d better be careful with your work / pronunciation. (你得注意你的工作/发音。)

familiar with / be familiar to

be familiar with：对……熟悉。例如：

例72：Most of us are familiar with the pop star.

例73：John was very familiar with this kind of situation.

be familiar to：对……来说是熟悉的;为……所熟知。例如：

例74：The pop star is familiar to most of us.

例75：This kind of situation was all too familiar to John. (=very familiar)

known for / be known as / be known to

be known for：因……而出名。例如：

例76：Our town is known for its stones.

be known as：作为……而出名。例如：

例77：The town is known as a stone town.

be known to：被……知晓，了解。例如：

例78：The hot spring city is known to every one of them.

made of ( from / out of ) / be made into / be made up / be made up of

be made of：由……制成。用于由产品可以看出原材料。例如：

例79：The desk is made of wood.

be made from：由……制成。用于由产品看不出原材料。例如：

例80：Paper is made from wood.

be made out of：由……制成。例如：

例81：The desk / Paper is made out of wood.

be made into：制成……例如：

例82：Wood can be made into desks / paper.

be made up：由……编成。例如：

例83：Don’t believe him; the whole story was made up. (别信他的，整个过程都是捏造的。)

be made up of (=consist of)：由……组成。例如：

例84：This desk is made up of / consists of twelve pieces of wood.

tired of / be tired from / be tired out

be / get tired of：对……厌倦。例如：

例85：I am really tired of your words! (你的话我听腻了!)

be tired from：因……疲倦。例如：

例86：I was so tired from climbing the hill that I fell asleep the moment my head touched the pillow. (我爬山太累了，所以头一碰枕头/一躺下就睡着了。)

be tired out：筋疲力尽。相当于be worn out。例如：

例87：We were tired out when we climbed over the high mountain.

eve / believe in / depend on

believe：相信(指信某人的言语);认为(相当于be sure)。例如：

例88：Don’t believe him; he’s lying. (别听他的，他在说谎。)

例89：I believe they’ll succeed in the end.

believe in：信任(指胜任某人);信仰(指信仰真理、主张、宗教等)。例如：

例90：Don’t believe in him; he’s always lying. (不可信任他，他老说谎。)

例91：I believe what she said, but I don’t believe in her. (我相信她所说的，但我不信任她。)

例92：We must work, and above all we must believe in ourselves.

(我们得工作，最重要的是我们得信任自己。)

例93：Most of them believe in God.

depend on：信任(相当于believe in或trust);依靠(相当于live on);取决于。例如：

例94：He is a man to depend on / believe in / trust. (他是个可信任的人。)

例95：Do you still depend on / live on your parents? (你还靠父母吗?)

例96：Everything depends on the weather tomorrow. (一切取决于明天的天气。)

ow / lend

borrow：借，借用。指借入，不带双宾语。结构：borrow sth from sb。例如：

例97：Can I borrow your pen?

例98：He borrows money from me frequently.

lend：把……借给。指借出，可带双宾。结构：lend sb sth =lend sth to sb。例如：

例99：Could you lend me your pen?

例100：Will you lend your bike to me?

g / take / fetch / get / carry

bring：带来。例如：

例101：Bring the book here tomorrow.

take：拿走。例如：

例102：Don’t take the magazines out of the reading-room.

fetch：去拿来。例如：

例103：Go downstairs and fetch me some water.

get：去拿来。与fetch同义，但较口语化。例如：

例104：She got him a good doctor. (她为他请来了一位好医生。)

carry：携带。指随身携带，如捧、抱、扛、运等。例如：

例105：He carried a bag of rice on his shoulder.

例106：He often carries a pocket dictionary when he goes out.

(他出门时经常带着一本袖珍词典。)

1. clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. amount, number

amount后接不可数名词， number后接可数名词 a number of students

3. sound, voice, noise

sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

4. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late

5. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise运动，锻炼(不可数)，exercises练习(可数)，practice(反复做的)练习 Practice makes perfect.

6. officer, official

officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer

7. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job

8. cook, cooker

cook厨师，cooker厨具 He is a good cook.

9. problem, question

problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用

10. a number of, the number of

a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.

11. chick, chicken

二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious.

12. trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip

13. in front of, in the front of

in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.

14. three of us, the three of us

three of us我们(不止三个)中的三个，the three of us我们三个(就三个人)The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

15. by bus, on the bus

by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 They went there by bus.

16. for a moment, for the moment

for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

17. in a word, in words

in a word总之，一句话， in words口头上 In a word, you are right.

18. in place of, in the place of

in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.

19. go to sea, by sea, by the sea

go to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海边 go by sea

20. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is

21. in office, in the office

in office在职的，in the office在办公室里 He is in office, not out of office.

22. in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of管理，负责照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

23. out of question, out of the question

out of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的

24. a second, the second

a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.

25. by day, by the day

by day白天，by the day按天计算 The workers are paid by the day.

26. it, one

it同一物体，one同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

27. none, nothing, no one

none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人　--- How many…/How much…? --- None.

28. other, another

other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数 other students, another student

29. not a little, not a bit

not a little非常，not a bit一点也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。

30. many, much, a lot of

many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.

31. no, not

no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water

32. no more than, not more than

no more than相当于only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过

33. tall, high

tall常指人或动物，high常指物体 He is tall.

34. fast, quickly

fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly

35. high, highly

high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of

36. sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.

37. respectful, respectable

respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged

38. pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.

39. close, closely

close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close

40. ill, sick

ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy

41. good, well

good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.

42. hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.

43. late, lately

late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.

44. living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the living people=all the people alive

45. excited, exciting

excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.

46. deep, deeply

deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep

47. before long, long before

before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long

48. instead, instead of

instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

49. too much, much too

too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy

50. raise, rise

raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.

51. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk

52. spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间; pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱

53. join, join in, take part in

join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员;join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in;take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.

54. leave, leave for

leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.

55. used to, be used to

used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.;被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.

56. win, lose, beat

win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them

57. live on, live by

live on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生 live on fish/ live by fishing

58. lose, miss

lose失去(具体的物体)，错过 sth. is lost, lose the chance;miss 想念，错过sth. is missing, miss the chance

59. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters

60. care about, care for

care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意 He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.

61. feed, raise

feed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family

62. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more practice.

67. die from, die of

die from表示死于(枪)伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold

68. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for为…付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt

69. arrive, get, reach

arrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

70. manage, try

manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

71. be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.

72. agree with, agree to, agree on

agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agree to the plan

73. receive, accept

receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.

74. wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作 It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.

75. listen, hear

listen强调动作，hear强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.

76. look, see, watch

look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV

77. lie, lay

lie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book

78. hurt, injure, wound

hurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤 He was wounded in the war.

79. turn, get, grow

turn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big

80. happen, take place

happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，take place必然性的发生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

81. at, in (表地点)

at小地点，in大地点 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai

82. increase to, increase by

increase to增长到…，increase by增长了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.

83. since, for (完成时间状语)

since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间 for three years, since 3:00

84. on earth, on the earth, in the earth

on earth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth

85. in surprise, to one's surprise

in surprise惊奇地，to one's surprise使某人吃惊的是，

86. in the air, on the air, in the sky

in the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.

87. through, across

through穿越空间，across在…上穿过 through the forest, across the desert

88. on the way, in the way

on the way在前往…的路上，in the way挡路 The chair is in the way.

89. above, on, over

above在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方 fly over the hill

90. until, not…until

until到…为止， not…until直到…才(常跟点动词连用)I waited until 3:00. He didn't come until 3:00.

91. besides, except, except for

besides除了…还(包括在内)except除了(不包括在内)，except for整体…除了某一点以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

92. weather, if

当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用weather，当如果解时用if I don't know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I'll let you know.

93. because, since, as, for

原因由强到弱为：because, since/as, for. 在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2) Since/as…, … 3) …, for… Since I was ill, I didn't go.

94. when, as, while (表时间)

when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，while从句动词为持续性动词 While I slept, a thief broke in.

95. the same…as, the same…that

the same…as和…一样的(相似但不同一)， the same…that 同一物体 This is the same pen that I used yesterday. (同一支笔)

96. as well, as well as

as well也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又;as well as并列连词，不但…而且… He is a professor, and a writer as well.

97. such…as, such…that

such…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.

98. because, because of

because连词，连接两句话，because of介词短语，后接词或短语 He didn't go to school because of his illness.

99. in order that, in order to

表目的，in order that后接句子，in order to后接动词原形 I got up early in order to catch the first bus. I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.

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