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Poem of the classics

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1. 山明水淨夜來霜,數樹深紅出淺黃。

Poem of the classics

The water is clear and the mountain is bright, The frost comes in at night; Trees are covered with deep scarlet leaves Mixed with yellow that is light.

該句出自中唐朝詩人劉禹錫的《秋詞二首》。翻譯古詩,最難的當然是押韻。讀一讀,你就會發現,這裏 bright, night還有light是押韻的。漲一下古詩知識哈,全詩如下:

山明水淨夜來霜,數樹深紅出淺黃。試上高樓清入骨,豈如春色嗾人狂。

2. 朋友越走越近,鄰居越走越親

Friends and neighbors become closer when they visit each other more often.

這句通俗白話實際上採取了與古詩“秦時明月漢時關”類似的表述結構,即 “朋友、鄰居之間越走越親近”。只是中文喜歡對仗神馬的,就看似複雜了,如果英語也求對仗,那翻譯就受累不討好啦,因為英語更講究邏輯與簡潔。

3. 亞洲各國就像一盞盞明燈,只有串聯並聯起來,才能讓亞洲的夜空燈火輝煌。

Asian countries are just like a cluster of bright lanterns. Only when we link them together, can we light up the night sky in our continent.

這句話裏,中文一如既往地喜歡“疊字”,而到了英文裏 “一盞盞”則成了a cluster ;有意思的是,中文的“明燈”譯成了bright lanterns。的確,英語裏一串一串的“燈籠”,意象更美好。至於什麼“串聯互聯”,您就別去翻中英物理詞典啦,您瞧,很簡單,就是link,要是拘泥於太細“串聯”“並聯”的區別,英語世界裏物理學得不那麼好的孩紙,就瞎了。這句話給我們的啟示是:除了詞典,當翻譯需要兩顆心:一顆浮想聯翩的心,一顆簡單的心。。

4. “一帶一路”

“Belt and Road”

人類喜歡製造一些很長的專有名詞,然後再簡化之。此前,有譯文為“one belt and one road”招來質疑,這次把那個“一”沒翻出來,不知道會有何反響。不過,這種處理方法,一是上下文中需要出現全稱,二是往往還需要視情況搭配一些更具體的詞,比如the Belt and Road initiative(s),the Belt and Road cooperation program(s)。那“一帶”“一路”中英文全稱各是什麼呢?下面咱們漲下姿勢哈:

一帶:絲綢之路經濟帶 the Silk Road Economic Belt

一路:21世紀海上絲綢之路 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

5. 如果將“一帶一路”比喻為亞洲騰飛的兩隻翅膀,那麼互聯互通就是兩隻翅膀的血脈經絡。

If the “Belt and Road” are likened to the two wings of a soaring Asia, then connectivity is like their arteries and veins.

在這裏,“一帶一路”遇上了“互聯互通”,典型的中文求對仗的風格,真是考驗翻譯水平。但是我們要有一顆簡單的心。這裏初學英語的孩紙要注意liken與like意義、用法上的區別。Liken是動詞,“把A比作B”的意思;Like不是動詞,所以做謂語的時候是be like,意思是“好像”。而“血脈經絡”這個中國特色的詞,你怎麼“呵呵”,外國人也不是那麼懂的,所以簡單一些吧。況且,“血脈經絡”在中文本身也是形式大於意義的,即求四字詞彙的節奏。

6. 有路才能人暢其行,物暢其流

With roads in place, people and goods can flow.

要想知道帶點文縐縐的話語怎麼翻,這句就是範例。

7. 志同道合

People who cherish the same ideals follow the same path.

其實,這句倒譯回來就是“志同者道合”。所以如果説兩個人“志同道合”應該是They cherish the same ideals and follow the same path。

8. 志存高遠,腳踏實地

aspire for high and grand while planting our feet firmly on the ground

又是兩個四字短語,而且兩組之間存在邏輯意義上的關聯,所以翻譯用while連接了。記住,英文更加註重邏輯。另外,值得一提的是plant的用法。在英語中,往往這種很小的常見詞語,總是有比我們平時使用多得多的地道用法。《韋氏大辭典》對plant作為動詞的一個解釋是: to put or place (something or yourself) firmly or forcefully on a surface or in a particular position,把它用在“腳踏實地”的翻譯中生動而地道。

9. 互聯互通

connectivity

“互聯互通”是本次APEC會議出現頻率最高的詞。其實,“互聯互通”的意思就是互相聯通,打通夥伴之間的聯繫,中文喜歡四字疊詞,英文直接翻譯成connectivity就好啦。《韋氏大辭典》對connectivity的解釋是 the quality, state, or capability of being connective or connected (保持相互聯繫和連通的狀態或能力)。

10. 是繼續引領世界、創造美好未來,還是放慢腳步、等待被人超越?是深化一體化進程、還是陷入碎片化漩渦?是踐行開放、包容理念、共同開創亞太世紀,還是身體已進入21世紀而思維模式還停留在過去?

Shall we continue to lead the world in creating a bright future, or shall we slow down only to be outperformed by others? Shall we deepen the integration process, or shall we let ourselves slip into a vortex of fragmentation? Shall we embrace openness and inclusiveness to work together for an Asia-Pacific century, or shall we cling to an outdated mindset until for the 21st century?

排比句屬於一種表達力比較強的修辭手法。這個排比句裏有一些比較新的表達方式,如“陷入碎片化漩渦”基本採用了直譯,而“身體已進入21世紀而思維模式還停留在過去”則是用了意譯的手法。

11. 大時代需要大格局,大格局需要大智慧

A great era calls for great vision, which in turn requires great wisdom.

雖然中文中都是“需要”,但是英文的翻譯可以更加靈活,更加多樣,更加貼切。關鍵是小夥伴還可以炫一下肚子裏有多少洋詞兒呢。

12. 朋友多了,路才好走。

More friends, more opportunities.

該句直譯過來應該是“more friends, more roads”,可是這麼説台下的外國友人肯定不太能理解,所以我們還要給中文原本的意思做一個引申,譯成“機會”,顯得好懂多了。

13. 應該變贏者通吃為各方共贏,共同做大亞太發展的蛋糕

We should replace the “winner-take-all” mentality with an all-win approach and work together for great development and prosperity of our region.

兩個看點:第一,“贏者通吃”和“各方共贏”怎麼翻;第二,“做大蛋糕”是什麼意思,怎麼翻譯,要不要直譯。譯文已經告訴我們啦,小編就不囉嗦啦。但是大家可以表達不同意見。

14. 生活從不眷顧因循守舊、滿足現狀者,而將更多機遇留給勇於和善於改革創新的人們。

Life never favors those who always follow the beaten path and content themselves with the status quo. Instead, life saves opportunities for people who are willing and able to reform and innovate.

譯文從選詞到句式的規整,足見譯者之用心,所以譯文讀起來,給人以智者忠告的感覺,而不是一杯廉價的心靈雞湯。

15. 如果説創新是中國發展的新引擎,那麼改革就是必不可少的點火器

If innovation is the new engine for China's development, reform is the indispensable igniter.

這又是一句打比方。中文通俗易懂,英文直譯也不會產生理解問題,那就順着這句話的順序來吧,這樣的好處是譯者與讀(聽)者都方便。

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