單項填空做題技巧——還原法
單項填空做題技巧——還原法
高考一些單項選擇題的測試點本來十分簡單，但命題者有意把題幹複雜，改寫爲一個少見或陌生的結構。對於這類題，我們可以反其道而行之，把題幹還原爲自己熟悉的結構，這樣題目就會變得簡單，答案就會一目瞭然，具體來說，可採用以下幾種方法：
一、將倒裝句改成陳述句
由於倒裝句的使用，句子的結構變得陌生，對於這類題，可將題幹還原成一個陳述句。。如：Who did the teacher _______ an article for the school newspaper?
A. has write B. has written C. have write D. have written
【分析】把本題題幹改成陳述句，則應是： The teacher had who write an article for the school newspaper. 這樣我們一眼就可以看出答案爲C。測試的知識點是使役動詞have的賓語補足語用省去to 的賓語補足語用省去的動詞不定式，表示將要發生的動作。
二、將陳述句改爲倒裝句
我們首次接觸時是一個倒裝句，而命題者恰恰是有意地使用陳述句來命題。如：We had _______ left home than it began to rain
A. no sooner B. hardly C. almost D. nearly
nearly【分析】no 是一個大家十分熟悉的句型。在考察知識點時，命題者卻使用了一個陳述句。如果把題幹改成：_______ had we left home than it began to rain，這道題的答案A也就變得十分清楚了。
三、將從句或插入語去掉
命題者有意地在一個句子中間插入一個從句或插入語，造成主謂隔離。如果將題幹中的從句或插入語去掉，題幹就會變得很簡單。如：The person we spoke to ___no answer at first.A. make B ng C. makes D. made分析；可以看出we spoke to是一個定語從句。將其去掉後，我們就會發現這個句子少了一個謂語動詞。故本題選用D。
四、將被動句改爲主動句由於被動句的使用，句子的結構相對於主動句來說就沒有那麼清楚。我們如果將其改爲主動句，這類題就會變得清楚的多。
如：Time should be made good use of ________our lessons well.A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns
【分析】將題幹改寫爲主動句則：We should make good use of time _______our lesson well。可以發現介詞of有其相應的賓語，其後不能再用動名詞做賓語，應選不定式做目的狀語。答案是C。
五、將省略句改爲完整的句子
省略句使考生不易看清句子的結構。對於這類試題，可恢復被省略的成分，使句子的結構變得明朗，進而選擇合適的答案。如：—How long has China been open to the world? —_______1979.A. After B. In C. Since D. From
【分析】將答語部分改爲一個完整的句子：China has been open to the world since 1979. 在所給的選項中只有since能和現在完成時連用。故答案爲C。。
六、將強調句的it be和that去掉還原成一個單句
It was in the small house _______ was built with stone by his father _______ he spent his childhood.A. which , that B. that , which h , which D. that ,where
【分析】可將題幹還原成一個陳述句:He spent his childhood in the small house which was built with stone by his father. 故答案爲A。
七、將疑問句還原爲陳述句
Is this book _______ you have been looking for all the time﹖A. that B. one C. the one D. it
【分析】首先把疑問句還原成陳述句，題幹即爲This book is _______ you have been looking for all the time.首先把疑問句還原成陳述句，題幹即爲
