旅遊英語：世界七大奇觀除了金字塔之外還有哪些

世界七大奇蹟是指古代西方人眼中的已知世界上的七處宏偉的人造景觀。最早提出世界七大奇蹟的說法的是公元前三世紀的旅行家昂蒂帕克，還有一種說法是公元前二世紀的拜占庭科學家斐羅提出的。而世界古代七大奇蹟分別指埃及吉薩金字塔、奧林匹亞宙斯巨像、羅德島太陽神巨像、巴比倫空中花園、阿爾特彌斯神廟、摩索拉斯陵墓、亞歷山大燈塔。

Seven Wonders of the World， works of art and architecture regarded by ancient Greek and Roman observers as the most extraordinary structures of antiquity.

In the ancient world there were seven great man-made structures for travelers to see on a world s of the so-called seven wonders of the world sometimes varied. The following list， dating from about the 6th century AD， was a commonly used and standard one：

(1) the pyramids of Egypt;

世界七大奇觀除了金字塔之外還有哪些

(2) the Hanging Gardens of Babylon;

(3) the statue of Zeus at Olympia;

(4) the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus;

(5) the temple of Artemis (Diana) at Ephesus;

(6) the Colossus of Rhodes;

(7) the Pharos (lighthouse)of Alexandria.

　　重點講解

s：work 不是應該是不可數名詞麼，爲什麼這裏變成複數的形式呢?因爲work 在這兒不表達"工作，勞動"，而是"作品，著作"，可數並且常用複數，比如：the works of Shakespeare 莎士比亞的著作;the works of art 藝術品。

：宙斯，希臘神話中的奧林匹亞神山上衆神的主宰，在羅馬神話中，他也叫朱庇特。

carnassus ：哈利卡納蘇斯，小亞西亞西南部卡里西亞地區的一座希臘古城。希臘歷史學家希羅多德的誕生地。

mis：阿耳忒彌斯，希臘神話中的狩獵和動物之神，同時也主管嬰兒的出生。她是太陽神阿波羅的妹妹。在羅馬神話中，她也叫狄安娜。

sus：以弗所，古希臘殖民城市。在小亞細亞西岸。公元前6世紀爲呂底亞王國的工商業中心。

es：羅得斯島，是希臘的第三大島，也是歐洲陽光最充足的地方。

　　參考譯文

世界七大奇觀是被古希臘和古羅馬的觀察家們認可爲古代遺蹟中最非凡的藝術品和建築作品。

對於環遊世界的旅行者來說，古代世界有七個值得參觀的偉大的人工建築。所謂的世界七大奇觀的名單有時會有所不同。以下的名單始於大約從公元6世紀，它不但被廣泛使用而且還是標準的名單：

(1) 埃及金字塔;

(2) 巴比倫空中花園;

(3) 奧林匹亞的宙斯大金像;

(4) 哈利卡納蘇斯的摩索拉斯王陵墓;

(5) 以弗所的阿耳忒彌斯(狄安娜)神廟;

(6) 羅得斯島的太陽神巨像;

(7) 亞力山大港的索斯特拉塔斯燈塔。

　　文章二

　　Seven Wonders of the World,

works of art and architecture regarded by ancient Greek and Roman observers as the most extraordinary structures of antiquity. Only one wonder of the seven, the pyramids of Egypt, still stands today.

Several lists of wonders were drawn up during antiquity. The list known today is sometimes ascribed to Antipater of Sidon, a writer of the 2nd century bc and author of a travel book. The wonders in this list were all located near the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea and, except for the pyramids, were built in the four centuries from about 600 bc. The Seven Wonders are most often listed in the order in which they were built.

埃及金字塔The Pyramids of Egypt were built on the west bank of the Nile River at Giza during the 4th Dynasty (about 2575 to about 2467 bc). The oldest of the seven wonders, the pyramids are the only one remaining nearly intact today. Their white stone facing was later removed for use as building material in Cairo. The largest of the pyramids is that of King Khufu, which is sometimes known as the Great Pyramid. It covers an area of over 4.8 hectares (12 acres). According to the Greek historian Herodotus, ten years were required to prepare the site and 100,000 laborers worked thereafter for 20 years to complete the pyramid, which contains the king’s tomb. Some lists include only the Great Pyramid, rather than all the pyramids (see Pyramids).

巴比倫空中花園The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, perhaps built by King Nebuchadnezzar II about 600 bc, were a mountainlike series of planted terraces. Ancient historians report that Babylon at that time was dazzling in the splendor of its palace and temple buildings, fortification walls, and paved processional ways. The Hanging Gardens consisted of several tiers of platform terraces built upon arches and extending to a great height. Accounts of their height range from about 24 m (80 ft) to a less reliable estimate of more than 90 m (300 ft). Trees and colorful plants and flowers grew on the terraces, irrigated with water brought up from the Euphrates River. Archaeologists have discovered remains of walls along the Euphrates that may have belonged to the Hanging Gardens.

宙斯神像The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was carved in the mid-5th century bc by the Greek sculptor Phidias. The colossal statue was the central feature of the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, the Greek sanctuary where the Olympic Games were held. It was considered to be Phidias’s masterpiece. The seated figure of Zeus, king of the Greek gods, was 12 m (40 ft) in height and made of ivory and gold. An earthquake probably leveled the temple in the 6th century ad, and the statue was later taken to Constantinople, where a fire destroyed it.

阿耳忒彌斯神廟The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus in Asia Minor, built after 356 bc, combined great size with elaborate ornamentation. Artemis, known as Diana to the Romans, was goddess of the hunt. An imposing temple in her honor was built in Ephesus in what is now Turkey in the 6th century bc and rebuilt after it burned in 356 bc. Archaeologists estimate that the temple measured 104 m (342 ft) in length and 50 m (164 ft) in width. Its 127 stone columns stood more than 18 m (60 ft) tall. The temple was destroyed by the Goths in ad 262.

摩索拉斯陵墓The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus was a monumental marble tomb in Asia Minor built for King Mausolus of Caria, who died in 353 bc. Queen Artemisia built the tomb in memory of Mausolus, her brother and husband, at Halicarnassus in what is now southwestern Turkey. It was decorated by the leading sculptor of the age. An earthquake probably toppled the structure, and its materials were later used as building material. Only fragments remain of this tomb from which the word mausoleum derives.

羅得斯島巨像The Colossus of Rhodes, a huge bronze statue of the Greek sun god Helios, was erected about 280 bc to guard the entrance to the harbor at Rhodes , a Greek island off the coast of Asia Minor. The statue stood about 32 m (105 ft) tall and according to legend, it straddled the harbor. An earthquake destroyed it in 224 bc.

亞歷山大燈塔The Pharos of Alexandria was an ancient lighthouse located on an island in the harbor of Alexandria, Egypt. The lighthouse, built about 280 bc during the reign of Ptolemy II, stood more than 134 m (440 ft) tall—about as high as a 40-story building. A fire was kept burning at its top to welcome sailors. Storms and an earthquake had damaged the lighthouse by 955 ad; an earthquake completely destroyed it during the 14th century.

另外：

萬里長城the Great Wall

兵馬俑terracotta warriors and horses