詞彙精選：allowance的用法和辨析

一、詳細釋義：

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n.

允許，默許，默認 [C]

例句：

Silence is sometimes equivalent to an allowance.

緘默有時等於允許。

例句：

Don't scrounge my pen without my allowance!

我不允許，你不能擅自拿我的鋼筆用！

津貼，補貼 [C]

例句：

She spent three years at college, scraping along on an allowance from her parents.

她念了3年大學，靠她父母給她的津貼勉強維持生活。

例句：

He will deduct twenty dollars from this sum for your allowance.

他要從這筆款中扣去20美元作爲你的津貼。

限額 [C]

例句：

The free allowance for luggage is 20 kg.

免費行李限額是20公斤。

例句：

You're within the duty-free allowance.

你所帶的東西沒超過免稅限額。

折扣 [C]

例句：

That store make an allowance of 10% for cash payment.

那家商店給付現金的顧客打百分之十折扣。

例句：

The dealer gave us an allowance on our old car.

車商給我們的舊車打了折扣。

零用錢

例句：

Jay budgets his allowance very carefully and always has a little left over at the end of the week.

傑伊很小心預算零用錢的開支，每一個星期結束時，總會剩些錢。

例句：

Do your parents give you an allowance?

你的父母親給你零用錢嗎？

二、詞義辨析：

earnings,allowance,income,salary,wage,pay,fee

這些名詞都可表示“工資、收入”之意。 earnings多指通過勞動或投資等手段所得到的收入。allowance指收入中的補貼部分。income與earnings含義很相近，但前者強調總收入。salary指按年定下，按月或星期平均給予的報酬，指腦力勞動者的薪水。wage多用複數形式，指按小時、日或星期的報酬，通常指體力勞動者的工資。pay是個通用詞，可取代salary與指提供某種服務收取的固定費用。

三、相關短語：

depreciation allowance

可免稅的折舊

四、參考例句：

Do your parents give you an allowance?

你的父母親給你零用錢嗎？

My monthly allowance is 50 yuan.

我每月的津貼是50元。

You should make allowance for his youth.

你應當考慮到他還年輕｡

They show great anxiety concerning their retirement allowance.

他們對自己的養老金問題顯得十分焦慮。

I would like my allowance in a lump sum.

我希望把我的津貼全數發給我。

I didn't receive any allowance from my father.

我沒有收到父親給的零用錢。

I didn't receive any allowance from my wife.

我沒有從我老婆那兒拿到一點兒零花錢。

The scholarship includes an allowance of 80 dollars for books.

獎學金包括八十美元的書籍費津貼。

Don't scrounge my pen without my allowance!

我不允許，你不能擅自拿我的鋼筆用!

You must make allowance for him because he is ill.

你應該體諒他，因爲他一直病著。