初中英語情態動詞的用法歸納
情態動詞可以說是初中英語的必考內容之一，通常情況下情態動詞會在完形填空、閱讀理解中出現，當然，作文裏大家也會適當運用情態動詞，那麼，什麼是情態動詞，情態動詞又該怎麼運用呢，下面就來具體瞭解一下。
初中英語情態動詞的用法歸納
定義
情態動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態的態度，表示“可能”，“可以”，“需要”，“必須”，“應當”等意思。情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化，後面的動詞要用原形。
情態動詞的種類：
初中英語情態動詞的用法歸納,情態動詞用法有哪些
情態動詞的常見用法：
和could的用法
(1)can/could 表示“能力;許可;可能性”等。could 爲 can 的過去式。如：Can I use your book?我可以用你的書嗎?
(2)can 用在疑問句中，表示徵求意見、請求許可，答語仍用 can; could 用在疑問句中，比can 更委婉、客氣，是一種禮貌的說法，並不表示過去時態，答語用can，而不能用could。
Eg: -Could you tell me the way to the park?你能告訴我去公園的路嗎?
-Sorry. I can't. I'm new here。不好意思，我不知道。我是新來的。
[注意]
①can 和could 只能用於現在時和過去時兩種時態。
②另外， can't 可表示否定推測。
和might的用法
may/might 意爲“可以”，表示同意、許可或請求對方許可，也可表示祝願。
might 是may 的過去式，有兩種用法：一種表示過去式;一種表示虛擬語氣，使語氣更加委婉、客氣，或表示可能性更小。
以may開頭的一般疑問句，其否定回答用mustn't。
Eg: MayI use your book? 我可以用你用的書嗎?
He might be alive. 他可能還活着。
【注意】
can和may都可以用來表示請求或允許，但may比can更正式，更客氣。
和should
(1)must意爲“必須，應當”，含有一種命令的語氣，比較生硬，不容商量。否定形式mustn't, 表示“不得”，“一定不要”。如：
Eg:You mustn't drive after drinking。你絕不能酒後駕車。
①must 與 have to 的區別： must 表示說話人的主觀意願;have to 表示客觀需要。
②回答由must 引導的疑問句:
肯定回答：Yes, …must. 如：
-Must I go home now?
-Yes, you must.
否定回答：No，…needn't./No，…don't/doesn't have to.
Eg：-Must I go home now?
-No, you needn't. 。
③must 表示對事物的推測，意爲“想必;一定”，只用於肯定句中;表“推測”時，情態動詞與動詞原形，(常爲be動詞)連用，
如：The man must be your teacher。那個人一定是你的老師。
(2)should意爲“應當，應該”，表示建議或勸告，語氣比較委婉，客氣。否定形式爲shouldn’t。
Eg: You should get up early.
You shouldn't eat too much sugar.
和would
1）用於疑問句，表示說話人向對方提出請求或詢問，用would比will更委婉，更客氣。
如：Will you please open the window？
Would you like some coffee?
2） would表示建議“你願意…嗎”
-Would you like to go shopping with me?
-Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.
[注意區別]
①I’d like+n. … 我想要…(接名詞)
如：I’d like some water.
②I’d like to + v. … 我想要做…(接動詞原形)
如：I’d like to go with Tom.
5、shall用於第一人稱 (I, we), 可以表示“將”和表示建議 “……好嗎?”
eg： ①Where shall we have dinner?
②-Shall we go fishing? -
- All right. OK. Good idea.
情態動詞的實際運用
一、考查can的用法
a.考查can表示能力的用法。
在這一用法中,can表示能力,意思是"能,會",其否定式can't表示"不能"。在過去時中用could和couldn't。例如:
1.-Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.
-You________find him. He________Japan. (2003黑龍江)
A. may not; has gone to B. may not; has been to
C. can't; has gone to D. can't; has been to
2.-Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?
-Sorry. It________in such a short time. (2003山東威海)
A. may do B. can't be done
C. must do D. needn't be done
3. I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it. (2002江西)
A. must B. have to C. need to D. can
4.________you mend my car? I______not start it. (2002常德市)
A. Would; would B. Must; must C. Can; can D. May; may
5.________she ride when she was three years old?( 2002長沙市)
A. Can B. Could C. Need D. May
6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.(2002四川省)
A. can B. may C. could
b.考查can表示推測的用法。
在這一用法中,can意爲"可能",表示客觀可能性,常常用於疑問句和否定句中。例如:
7. Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?
-No, it________be him. Mr Li is much taller. (2003河北)
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
8. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be? Is it Wei Fang?
-No. It________be her. She is at school now. (2002重慶市)
A. will; may not B. must; mustn't C. may; can't D. may; won't
9. -Is Mr Hu in the reading room?
-No, he________be there. He has gone to Tianjin. (2002新疆)
A. mustn't B. needn't C. won't D. can't
10. Class 3 won the football match! ________it be true?(2002廣東)
A. May B. Must C. Will D. Can
c.考查can / could表示請求許可的用法?
在這一用法中,can和could都表示現在,用could比用can語氣更加委婉客氣,常用Could I / you...?句式,表示"我/你能……嗎?"
若表示同意要用can,不用could?例如:
11.-Could I look at your pictures?
-Yes, of course you________. (2003武漢)
A. could B. can C. will D. might
12.________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number. (2002北京市海淀區)
A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should
參考答案：1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C7. C 8. C 9. D 10. D
二、考查may的用法
a.考查may表示請求許可的用法
在這一用法中,may表示許可或徵詢對方許可,表示"可以"的意思,常常與第一人稱I連用,構成May I...?句式,表示"我可以……嗎?"肯定回答用Yes, you may.; Yes, please.等;否定回答用No, you can't.或No, you mustn't.,不用No, you may not.?例如:
25. -________I have your name, please?
-Yes, Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L. (2002北京市東城區)
A. Must B. Will C. May D. Need
26. -May I go to the cinema, dad?
-No, you________. You must finish your homework first. (2002浙江金華市)
A. mustn't B. won't C. don't D. needn't
27. -May I smoke here?
-________, you________. It can be dangerous. (2002濱州市)
A. Yes; can B. No; can't
C. Yes; may D. No, needn't
②測試may表示可能性的用法。
在這一用法中,may表示可能性,意思是"也許","可能",通常用於肯定句中。例如:
28. You________go and ask Meimei. She________know the answer. (2003天津)
A. must; can B. must; may
C. need; can D. can; may
29. Look out! The knife is very sharp. You________cut your finger. (2002寧夏)
A. need B. must C. should D. may
參考答案：25. C 26. A 27. B
