靈活運用現在分詞強化雅思寫作
句子多樣性雅思寫作的一個考察重點，與雅思寫作評分標準中的“語法多樣性與準確性”密切相關。作爲英語中非常重要的一個語法現象，現在分詞(-ing)和過去分詞(-ed)是提升句式多樣性的一大利器，但同時也是學習中的一個難點和易錯點。來看看下面現在分詞的內容強化雅思寫作吧!
1. 現在分詞 vs. 定語從句
在寫作中，現在分詞短語常常可以用來替換句中的定語從句，使句子結構更精簡，形成多樣化的句式。
現在分詞既可修飾人，也可修飾物，被修飾的成分可以是主語、賓語或其他名詞性質的成分。如：
(a) Thenumber of international students coming to western countries increased greatlyin recent years. 近幾年，赴西方國家的留學[微博]生數量大幅增加。
→ The number of international students who came to western countries increased greatly in recent years。
(b) Thisis a tourist book giving information about the dos and don'ts one should knowwhen they travel to South East Asia. 這是一本介紹東南亞旅遊須知的導遊書。
→ This is a tourist book that gives information about the dos anddon'ts one should know when they travel to South East Asia。
(c) Anew stadium coveringan area of 10 square kilometres will be built in the north of thecity. 城市北側將興建一座佔地10平方千米的體育場。
→ A new stadium which covers an area of 10 square kilometreswill be built in the north of the city。
(d) Therewere over 1000 students studying fashion designing in this college. 這所大學裏有一千多名學習時裝設計的學生。
→ There were over 1000 students who are studying fashion designing in thiscollege。
(e) Onecan hardly imagine the number of bacteria growing insidea refrigerator. 人們很難想象冰箱裏滋生的細菌的數量。
→ One can hardly imagine the number of bacteria that are growing inside arefrigerator。
【注】現在分詞作定語成分時，它所對應的定語從句的謂語可以是一個一般時態的動詞，如句(a)(b)(c)，也可以是一個進行時態的動詞，如句(e)(f)。
2. 現在分詞 vs. 狀語從句
現在分詞的另一重要用法是充當狀語，通常用以表示原因或時間。
1) 表示原因：相當於一個原因狀語從句
(f) Staying up latelast night, he felt asleep in the meeting this morning. 由於昨晚熬夜，他今天上午開會時睡着了。
→ As hestayed up late last night, he felt asleep in themeeting this morning。
(g) Thegovernment planned to build another metro line across the city, hoping to reduce the traffic congestion during the rush hour. 爲了緩解高峯時段的交通擁堵，政府計劃再建一條穿過市區的地鐵線。
→ The government planned to buildanother metro line across the city, because they hope to reduce the trafficcongestion during the rush hour。
2) 表示時間：相當於一個時間狀語從句
(h) While constructing the new residential area, the workers found anold tomb from the Ming Dynasty. 在建新住宅區時，工人們發現了一個明朝古墓。
→ Whilethey were constructing the new residential area, theworkers found an old tomb from the Ming Dynasty。
【注】現在分詞作狀語，表示“在做某事的過程中，發生了某事或做某事。”這時前面保留when，while等連詞。
(i) Knowing thegovernment's new environment protection policy, many high-techcompanies started developing products that are environmental-friendly. 瞭解了政府新出臺的環保政策後，許多高科技公司開始開發更環保的產品。
→ Whenthey know the government's new environment protection policy, many high-tech companies started developing products that areenvironmental-friendly。
句型的豐富變化也是雅思考生們必學的功課，尤其對有志衝擊雅思高分的同學來說，更是一大加分點。活學活用現在分詞，這也是提分的一個點，大家學會了沒有?如果還有些茫然的話，也可以來滬江網校接受專業的知識培訓。
