2023年12月英語四級翻譯常考話題預測（10）：節日節氣話題
大學英語四級翻譯題，以段落漢譯英的形式進行考查，內容涉及中國的歷史、文化、經濟、社會發展等。四級的段落長度是140-160個漢字。翻譯題佔四級總分的15%。答題時間爲30分鐘。爲了幫助大家熟悉翻譯題型，@本站英語四六級微信公衆號特意準備了2023年12月英語四級翻譯常考話題預測（10）：節日節氣話題，快來一起練習吧！
預測一
24節氣(24 solarterms)是統稱，包括 12節氣（12 majorsolar terms)和 12中氣 (12 minorsolar terms),它們彼此之間相互關聯。24節氣反映了天氣變化，指導農 業耕作，也影響着人們的生活。春秋戰國時期，人們開始使用節氣作爲補充曆法 (calendar)。公元前104年，24節氣最終確立。衆所周知，中國是個有着悠久農業發展史的國家。農業生產受自然規律影響極大。在古代，農民根據太陽的運動安排 農業生產活動。24節氣考慮到了太陽的位置，這就是我們重視它的原因。
參考譯文：
The 24 solar terms are the whole name of the system that consists of 12 major solar terms and 12 minor solar terms linked with each other. It reflects climate change, guides agriculture arrangements, and also affects people's life. In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people began to use solar terms as the supplementary calendar. It was in 104 B. C. that the 24 solar terms were finally set down. As we all know, China is a country with a long history of agriculture. Agricultural production is largely influenced by the laws of nature. In ancient times, farmers arranged their agricultural activities according to the move of the sun. It is the fact that the 24 solar terms take into account the position of the sun that makes us attach importance to it.
預測二
中秋節對中國人來說是最重要的節日，僅次於春節。每年中秋節，人們從全國和世界的各個角落回到家中，與家人團聚、賞月和吃月餅。如今，在中秋節到來前的一個月，就有各種各樣的月餅出售。中國人相信滿月象徵着和平、繁榮(prosperity)和家庭團聚（reunion）。中秋節當晚的月亮被認爲是最明亮圓滿的，這也是爲什麼也被稱爲是“重逢日”和“月亮節”。
參考譯文：
The Mid-Autumn Festival is the second most important festival after the Spring Festival to Chinese people. Every year, when the festival comes, people go home from every corner of the country and the world to meet their family, admire the full moon, and eat moon cakes. Nowadays, there is a large variety of moon cakes on sale a month before the arrival of the festival. Chinese people believe a full moon is a symbol of peace, prosperity, and family reunion. The moon on the Mid-Autumn Festival night is believed to be the brightest and fullest. That is why the festival is also known as / called the “Day of Reunion” and the “Moon Festival”.
預測三
七夕節(Double Seventh Festival)是中國最具浪漫色彩的傳統節日。每年農曆(lunar calendar)七月初七就是七夕節，亦稱“乞巧節”。七夕節起源於中國古代牛郎(Cowherd)和織女(Weaver Maid)的愛情神話，他們的故事感動了一代又一代的中國人。許多有情男女會在七夕的晚上祈禱自己的姻緣美滿，期望“有情人終成眷屬”。近年來，越來越多的都市青年男女把這個節日當作“中國情人節”(Chinese Valentine's Day)。
參考譯文：
The Double Seventh Festival is the most romantic traditional Chinese festival. Also known as "Qiqiao Festival", it falls annually on the 7th day of the 7th month of the lunar calendar. The festival came from an ancient Chinese romantic fairy tale about the Cowherd and the Weaver Maid, which has deeply moved generations of Chinese people. Many men and women in love usually pray for a happy marriage on that night, hoping for "a happy ending for true love". In recent years, more and more youngsters in cities celebrate the Double Seventh Festival as Chinese Valentine's Day.
預測四
春節是中國最重要，也是最熱鬧的古老節日之一。春節象徵着團結、興旺以及對未來寄予新的希望。據記載，中國人過春節已有四千多年的歷史。中同是個多民族的國家，各民族(nationality)過春節的形式各有不同。但是無論在中國的哪個地方，人們都會在春節期間全家團圓，吃年糕(New Year cake)，餃子以及各種豐盛的飯菜。人們張燈結綵，燃放鞭炮，並互相祝福。
參考譯文：
In China, the Spring Festival is one of the most significant and lively ancient festivals, which symbolizes unity, prosperity and new hopes for the future. It is recorded that the custom of celebrating the Spring Festival has lasted for more than 4,000 years. As a multi-ethnic country, different nationalities in China have various ways of celebrating the Spring Festival. However, wherever in China, people will have a family reunion during the festival, eating New Year cakes, dumplings and various hearty meals, decorating the houses with lanterns and festoons, setting off firecrackers and blessing each others.
預測五
每年農曆的正月十五是元宵節。早在兩千多年前的西漢時期(the Western Han Dynasty),元宵節就已經成爲一個具有重要意義的節日。在這天，人們製作各種漂亮的燈籠、設計有趣的燈謎；同時多種表演，如舞龍燈、舞獅子、踩高蹺（walking on stilts)等也會上演。和其他中國傳統節日一樣，元宵節也有特定的食品，叫“湯圓（glue pudding) ”。漢語中，湯圓和“團圓”發音相似，代表着家庭團圓、和諧和快樂。
參考譯文：
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. As early as more than 2,000 years ago, in the Western Han Dynasty, it had become a festival with great significance. On the Lantern Festival, Chinese people craft many types of beautiful lanterns and create many interesting lantern riddles. At the same time, performances such as dragon lantern dance, lion dance and walking on stilts will be staged. Just like China’s other traditional festivals, the Lantern Festival also has its own special dish— “Tangyuan, a glue pudding”. Tangyuan has a similar pronunciation with “tuanyuan (reunion)” in Chinese, representing reunion, harmony and happiness for the family.
預測六
重陽節，由於它是在中國農曆九月初九這一天，所以又被稱爲重九節，至今有約兩千年的歷史。在中國古代，重陽節是一個重要的節日，這一天要舉行各種慶祝活動，如:登高、賞菊（chrysanthemum )、插茱萸（cornel)、吃重陽糕等。登髙是重陽節的主要習俗。古人認爲，在這一天登高可以避禍免災。近年來，這個古老的節日被賦予新的含義，逐漸成爲開展各種敬老活動、一年一度的“老年節”。
參考譯文：
Chongyang Festival，falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, because of which，it is also named as the Double-ninth Festival, which has a history of some 2,000 years. As an important festival in ancient China, Chongyang Festival was celebrated by holding various activities, such as climbing mountains, appreciating chrysanthemums, wearing cornel and eating Chongyang cakes. Climbing mountains is a major custom in Chongyang Festival. Ancient people thought climbing mountains on this day could help them avoid misfortune and prevent disasters. In recent years, a new meaning has been given to the old festival，and it gradually becomes an annual Seniors’ Day, on which various activities are held in honor of senior people.
預測七
清明是我國二十四節氣(the twenty-four solar terms )之一，一般是在每年的4月4日至6日前後。人們慶祝清明節大約始於東周時代，距今已有兩千五百多年的歷史。清明過後，氣溫逐漸上升，雨水也增多，表明了這是農民開始安排農耕活動的關鍵時期。同時，清明也是郊遊的大好時節，人們去戶外踏青，並開展一系列消遣和體育活動。更重要的是，清明時節也是一個紀念祖先和已故親人的日子。
參考譯文：
Qingming is one of the twenty-four solar terms in China, typically falling on April 4-6 each year. The celebration for the Qingming Festival can be traced back to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, with a history of over 2,500 years. After Qingming time, the temperature begins to rise up and rainfall increases, indicating that it is the crucial time for the farmers to arrange their farming activities accordingly. Meanwhile, it is high time for spring outing, when people go out for fresh air, kinds of recreations and sports activities. More importantly, Qingming is also a period to honor and to pay respect to one's deceased ancestors and family members.
預測八
端午節，又叫龍舟節，是爲了紀念愛國詩人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠和受人敬仰的大臣(minister),他給國家帶來了和平和繁榮。但最後因爲受到誹謗(vilify)而最終投河自盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下糉子，希望魚兒吃糉子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾千年來，端午節的特色在於吃糉子(glutinous dumplings)和賽龍舟，尤其是在一些河湖密佈的南方省份。
參考譯文：
The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.
預測九
賽龍舟(Dragon boat racing)是端午節的一項重要活動，在中國南方尤爲流行。關於這項運動的由來，有一種說法是爲了紀念中國古代的著名愛國詩人屈原。龍舟的大小和樣式多種多樣，但一般都帶有裝飾性的龍頭和龍尾。賽龍舟不僅是一種體育和娛樂活動，它更能體現人們心中的集體主義和愛國主義精神。賽龍舟現已被列入國家級非物質文化遺產名錄(National Intangible Cultural Heritage List)。
參考譯文：
Dragon boat racing is an important activity of Duanwu Festival (also known as Dragon Boat Festival), and is particularly popular in the south of China. As for its origin, one version is that it is held in memory of Qu Yuan, a famous patriotic poet in ancient China. The dragon boats vary in sizes and styles, but they are generally rigged with decorative Chinese dragon heads and tails. Dragon boat racing is not only a kind of sports and recreational activities, but also reflects the spirit of people's collectivism and patriotism. Dragon boat racing is now among the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List.
