現在完成進行時的謂語動詞構成 I/ we/ you/ they have been working he/ she/ it has been working 一，有些現在完成進行時的句子等同於現在完成時的句子. They have been living in this city for ten years.They have lived in this city for ten years.他們在這個城市已經住了10年了.I have been working here for five years.I have worked here for five years.我在這裏已經工作兩年了. 二，表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作,並且還將持續下去. The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中國有2000年的造紙歷史.（動作還將繼續下去） I have been learning English since three years ago.自從三年前以來我一直在學英語.（動作還將繼續下去） 三，表示在說話時刻之前剛剛結束的動作. We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我們已經等你半個鐘頭了.（動作不在繼續下去）
五，表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時.I have known him for years.我認識他已經好幾年了.I have been knowing...這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛,like喜歡,hate討厭,等.比較過去時與現在完成時 1）過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作；現在完成時爲過去發生的,強調過去的事情對現在的影響,強調的是影響.2）過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語.一般過去時的時間狀語:yesterday,last week,…ago,in1980,in October,just now,具體的時間狀語 共同的時間狀語:this morning,tonight,this April,now,once,before,already,recently,lately 現在完成時的時間狀語 for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till / until,up to now,in past years,always3）現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態,動詞一般是延續性的,如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,get married等.如：I saw this film yesterday.（強調看的動作發生過了.）I have seen this film.（強調對現在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了.） Why did you get up so early?（強調起牀的動作已發生過了.）Who hasn't handed in his paper?（強調有卷子,可能爲不公平競爭.）She has returned from Paris.她已從巴黎回來了.She returned yesterday.她是昨天回來了.He has been in the League for three years.(在團內的狀態可延續) He has been a League member for three years.(是團員的狀態可持續) He joined the League three years ago.( 三年前入團,joined爲短暫行爲.) I have finished my homework now.---Will somebody go and get Dr.White?---He's already been sent for.句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday,last,week,in 1960）時,不能使用現在完成時,要用過去時.（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
