高中英語句子成分分析
英語句子成分教學一直是被師生及教育專家們忽視的弱點學習內容。下面是本站小編帶來的高中英語句子成分分析，歡迎閱讀!
簡單句的句子成份分析(主語、謂語、賓語、定語)
句子的基本成份分析是高中英語語法學習的基礎準備。不會分析句子成份，高中階段的主要語法的學習如定語從句、名詞性從句、非謂語等就會顯得十分困難。
一.句子的主要成份與次要成份
[講解] 句子成分是句子中起一定功用的組成部分。句子的主要成份由主語和謂語部分部分組成。句子的次要成分有賓語、定語、狀語、表語、補語、同位語等。其中，補語與同位語在高中階段較常見。 例如： (主語) (定語修飾主語) (系動詞) (表語) (狀語) (主語) (謂語) (賓語) (補語) (狀語)
[練習] 在括號內寫出以下句子劃線部分的基本成份 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
二、主語及充當主語的詞性、形式、短語或句子
[講解]主語是句子的主體，是謂語陳述或說明的對象。正常語序的句子的主語在謂語動詞前面或系動詞前面。充當主語的詞性有名詞、代詞、數詞等。這一點我們在初中階段較爲熟悉。例如： 主語由名詞deer來充當) 主語由代詞everything來充當) 主語由數詞99來充當)
以下充當主語的情況在高中階段較爲常見。他們是：不定式、動名詞等形式充當主語，動名詞短語、不定式短語、介詞短語充當主語以及充當主語從句充當主語。例如： 主語由不定式to say來充當) 主語由不定式短語to host a party來充當) ’s health.(主語由動名詞swimming來充當) 主語由動名詞短語Walking his pet dog every day來充當) 主語由what he said這一主語從句來充當)
[練習] 在以下句子的主語部分加下劃線並在括號內寫出充當主語的詞性、形式、短語或句子。
You, he and I are all senior school students.( )
Nothing is more important than EQ.( )
To learn a foreign language calls for patiences.( )
Being honest will pay.( )
Where his mother will go is a secret.( )
三、謂語以及充當謂語的動詞
[講解] 謂語說明主語的的動作、行爲、特徵或狀態，謂語動詞說明主語所表示的人物“幹什麼”或“怎麼樣”。謂語動詞有不及物動詞、系動詞和及物動詞三大類。謂語動詞必須反映出人稱、單複數、時態等信息，除了一般現在時和一般過去時的主被動形式外，謂語動詞往往由下列詞語中的兩個或兩個以上依序排列構成：情態動詞+時態助動詞+語態助動詞+主要動詞。例如： 作謂語，系動詞) (work作謂語，不及物動詞)
高中英語句子成分分析閱讀賓語及充當賓語的詞性、形式、短語或句子
[講解]賓語表示行爲的對象。賓語放在及物動詞或者介詞之後。充當賓語的詞性有名詞、代詞、數詞、不定式、動名詞、不定式短語、動名詞短語、賓語從句充當主語。例如： 名詞作賓語) 代詞作賓語) (數詞作賓語) (不定式作賓語) (動名詞作賓語) (不定式短語作賓語) (動名詞短語作賓語) (賓語從句作賓語)
[練習] 根據漢語提示將以下句子的賓語譯成英語。
1. I like my new ________(學校) and my __________(同學).
2. My bag is red while ______(你的) is brown.
3. Do you want ______ ______ ______ ______(休息一下)?
’s stop ______(工作) and go out for a change.
5. Can you understand ______ ______ ______(我所說的話) just now?
定語及充當定語的詞性、形式、短語或句子
定語用來修飾或限制名詞或代詞。可用作定語的有形容詞、代詞、數詞、名詞、名詞所有格、分詞、動詞-ing形式、動詞不定式、副詞、介詞短語及從句等。例如：
(1)名詞作定語：A book cover, a coffee cup, a table leg, a mountain plant
(2)形容詞(短語)作定語: an attractive sight, people alive,
(3)副詞(短語)作定語: The students here work hard. The book over there is his.
(4)介詞短語作定語: The pencil-bos on the desk is mine.
(5) 動名詞、分詞(短語)定語: He is a walking dictionary
(6)不定式(短語): Is there anything to eat?
(7)定語從句: The bookcase that was bought yesterday is cheap.
[練習] 將下列句中作定語的部分劃線.
1.I need a book cover.
is a handsome star.
trees over there grow green.
books in my schoolbag are readable.
5. The crowds waiting for Yang Liwei cheered up.
6. I’d like to introduce a book called A Woman in White to you.
第2 / 3頁
computer to be repaired is on the desk.
8. Do you know the date when he was born?
高中英語句子成分分析學習練習
A
1、 ___ six years since I began to study English.
A. It is B. I have been C. There are D. It was
2 、___ in the room at that time.
A. Nobody was B. Someone were C. Who is D. He are
3 、IT'S very noisy outside. ___ is going on?
A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where
4、 ___ in English in class every day is important.
A. Speak B. Talking C. Saying D. To tell
5 、There must be____ near the factory.
A. a book store B. book store C. books store D. books stores
6 、Although it's raining hard, ___ are still working in the fields.
A. but they B. and they C. they D. since they
B
1、 The doctor as well as the nurses ___ great concern for the patients.
A. show B. shows C. have shown D. are showing
2、 Your son must be a clever boy, ___ he?
A. is B. isn't C. must D. mustn't
3、 The computer center, ___ last year, is very popular among students
in this school.
A. open B. opening C. opened D. being opened
4 、I ___ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.
A. mustn't B. had to C. can't D. needn't
5 、Don't ___ excited.
A. get B. is C. seem D. look
6 This room ___ every morning.
A. is cleaning B. is cleaned C. cleans D. cleaning
