新"G7"將要超越七國集團
On Tuesday the International Monetary Fund released its latest World Economic Outlook. A striking new finding emerges: the seven largest emerging markets are now bigger, in gross domestic product terms, than the long established G7 group of industrialised nations, when measured at purchasing power parity (PPP).
國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)週二發佈其最新的《世界經濟展望》(World Economic Outlook)。一個突出的新發現浮出水面：以購買力平價(PPP)計算，七個最大的新興市場經濟體的國內生產總值(GDP)總和大於由老牌工業化國家組成的七國集團(G7)。
A hypothetical new G7, comprising the BRICs — Brazil, Russia, India and China — and three of the so-called MINT economies – Mexico, Indonesia and Turkey — has a combined GDP of $37.8 tn (at purchasing power parity) compared to $34.5 tn for the old G7 — Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the UK and the US.
一個假想的新G7——包括金磚四國(BRIC)：巴西、俄羅斯、印度和中國，以及三個所謂的薄荷(MINT)經濟體：墨西哥、印度尼西亞和土耳其——擁有總共37.8萬億美元（按購買力平價計算）的GDP總值，高於老牌G7國家——加拿大、法國、德國、意大利、日本、英國和美國——34.5萬億美元的GDP總值。The calculation of PPPs is far from an exact science. But, even with caveats, the new estimates point to a dramatically changed world: half of the twenty largest economies are now emerging markets and half are from the established rich world; Indonesia has entered the top 10 and overtaken the UK to become the 9th largest economy in the world; Nigeria – the other MINT economy – has leapt ten places in the rankings from 30th to 20th after the government rebased its measurement of GDP.
購買力平價的計算遠非一種精確的科學。但是，即便有各種不足之處，新的估算仍表明世界已今非昔比：在全球20個最大經濟體中，半數是新興市場經濟體，另外一半是老牌富裕國家；印尼已躋身於前10名之列，超越英國成爲世界第九大經濟體；尼日利亞（另一個薄荷經濟體）在該國政府調整GDP測算的基期後，排名躍升10位，從第30位升至第20位。
