莫言獲獎後,中國文學走向世界要的是翻譯
SWEDISH Academy member Goran Malmqvist said yesterday that the existence of few translations is the main reason that Chinese literature is marginalized in the world.
瑞典皇家科學院委員馬悅然昨天說，翻譯缺少是中國文學在世界上被邊緣化的主要原因。
Malmqvist, one of 18 lifelong judges of the Nobel Prize in Literature, said China already has many world-class writers. "What is world literature? World literature is translation," he added, quoting the former permanent secretary of Swedish Academy.
諾貝爾文學獎的18個終身評委之一的馬悅然說，中國已經擁有許多世界級的作家。 “什麼是世界文學？世界文學就是翻譯，”他引述前瑞典皇家科學院前常任祕書的話補充說道。
Malmqvist, 88, a Swedish linguist and sinologist, made the remarks when promoting a collection of works by Chinese novelist Cao Naiqian.
馬悅然，88歲，瑞典語言學家和漢學家，在促進中國小說家曹乃謙的作品集傳播時說出了此番評論。
Cao, a police officer-turned novelist, is one of Malmqvist's favorite Chinese writers, which include the latest Nobel laureate in literature, Mo Yan.
曹乃謙是一個警察出身的小說家，馬悅然最喜愛的中國作家之一，其中包括最新的諾貝爾文學獎得主莫言。
"So Mo's winning of the Nobel Prize in Literature will help attach more importance to Chinese literature in the context of world literature," he said yesterday. He also is promoting his latest translation of works of Swedish poet Tomas Transtromer.
“莫言獲得諾貝爾文學獎在世界文學的背景下將有助於中國文學更受重視，”他昨天說。他也在宣傳他最新翻譯的瑞典詩人托馬斯•特朗斯特羅默的作品。
Today's the third day of his short visit to Shanghai. He'll give a lecture in Fudan University this evening about translation.
今天是他短暫訪問上海的第三天。今天晚上他將在復旦大學關於翻譯進行演講。During his visit, Malmqvist has emphasized Mo's winning the Nobel Prize in Literature "has nothing to do with politics."
訪問期間，馬悅然一直強調莫言獲得諾貝爾文學獎“與政治無關”。
Malmqvist, the only Nobel judge fluent in Chinese, said he was very irritated by "some biased media" who questioned Mo's award.
馬悅然，唯一精通中文的諾貝爾獎評委，他很惱火“有些帶着偏見的媒體”質疑莫言的獲獎。
Some Western journalists have questioned the recognition after the Chinese writer was announced as the Nobel laureate on October 11.
正如10月11日的諾貝爾經濟學獎，在中國作家獲獎後，一些西方記者質疑這一認可。
Criticism that Mo is not qualified was based on his being a member of the Communist Party of China and vice president of the China Writers Association.
莫言沒有獲獎資格的批評是基於他是中國共產黨員和中國作家協會的副主席。
Malmqvist described the accusation as "quite unfair" to Mo. "Those who criticized Mo Yan haven't even read a single one of his books," Malmqvist told reporters on Sunday.
馬悅然描述這一指控爲“相當不公平”。“那些批評莫言的人還沒有讀過他的一本書，”馬悅然上週日告訴記者。
"They know nothing about the quality of Mo's literature. They should not have 'opened fire' on him," Malmqvist said, adding that the only standard used to decide whether or not to give a writer the prize is the quality of his or her literature.
“關於莫言文學的價值他們什麼也不知道。他們本不應該對他開火，”馬悅然說，決定是否給一個作家授予諾貝爾獎的唯一標準是他（她）文學的價值。
"We do not care about politics," he said.
“我們不關心政治，”他說。
"Mo Yan is an excellent storyteller. Among today's Chinese writers, no one equals him in the courage to talk about the darkness and unjustness in Chinese society,” he said.
“莫言是一個很會講故事的人，沒有人擁有他那樣的勇氣去描述中國社會的黑暗和不公”，他說。
He personally prefers Mo's short fiction to longer work, saying the writer "has an excellent control of words."
相較於長篇，他個人更喜歡莫言的短篇小說，說這位作家“對語言有一個很好的控制。”
Malmqvist said the decision was made through "heated discussions" and the number of nominees was narrowed from 250 to the final five. Malmqvist explained that Mo was elected for the prize based on a final consensus.
馬悅然說，這一決定經過了“熱烈的討論”，並候選人提名人數從250位壓縮到最後的五位。馬悅然解釋說，莫言被選獲獎是基於最終的共識。
"However, the Nobel prize is not a world champion," the scholar said. "We just awarded the prize to a good writer. There could be 1,000 good writers ... but the winner is just one."
“不過，諾貝爾文學獎不是一個世界冠軍，”這位學者說。 “我們只是把獎頒給一個好作家。可能有1000名好作家......但獲獎者只有一個。”
He said the choice "is completely subjective."
他說這一決定“完全是主觀的。”
The acclaimed sinologist, who reads extensively in Chinese and has made profound studies about Chinese characters and literature, has devoted years to introducing Chinese literature to the world.
這位著名的漢學家，博覽羣書，對中國的文字和文學作出了深入的研究，一直致力於向世界介紹中國文學。
According to Malmqvist, Mo's works have been translated into the greatest number of foreign languages among the current Chinese writers.
據馬悅然說，在現在的中國作家中莫言的作品是被翻譯成外語最多數量的。
