管理人員面臨壓力危機 何去何從?大綱

If you feel your boss is working late, you're probably right. The average manager is racking up nine weeks of unpaid overtime a year, or 90 minutes a day.

如果覺得自己的老闆工作到很晚，那麼你的感覺很可能是對的。一般的管理人員一年的工作中有九周是沒有薪水的，或者說，每天有一個半小時幹了沒錢拿。

The extra time away from home is having a profound impact on family life – many bosses don't see their children awake from one week's end to the next.
工作之外的時間如果不陪家人，這對家庭生活影響很大——許多老闆一個星期也見不着孩子一次，只能看見他們晚上睡着的模樣。

A survey by the Chartered Management Institute of 1,334 junior managers and directors showed one in three would resign – if they could find another job to go to.
特許管理協會對1334名初級管理人員和主管做了份調查，發現三人中有一人想要辭職——如果他們另有去處的話。

More than a third agreed with the statement: "I have too much work to do and feel overloaded."
超過三分之一的人認同：“自己在超負荷工作。”

And although the extra hours are blamed for a rise in health problems, some 43 per cent said there was a "culture" of managers not taking sick leave, probably because they fear for their jobs. Nearly one in five had suffered depression in the past year and 42 per cent suffered stress. Six in ten said they were "constantly tired" but had experienced insomnia in the past three months.
雖然人們指控超時工作是造成日益嚴重的健康問題的元兇，但大約43%的人認爲“管理界的文化之一就是，不請病假，這很可能是因爲擔心工作。”近乎20%的人在過去一年中感到壓抑，42%的人感到壓力。60%的人說自己“經常感到疲勞”，在過去的三個月內經歷過失眠。

When asked about the impact on their lives, two-thirds of managers who have children "stated that working long hours had a negative effect on their relationship with their children." When they were asked: "If I could find another job, I would leave", a third of managers agreed, or strongly agreed, with this statement.
當問及超時工作對他們生活的影響時，有孩子的管理人員中有三分之二認爲“長時間的工作對他們和孩子的關係產生了消極影響。”當被問及：“如果可以另謀出路，會不會離職”，三分之一的管理人員表示會離職，或者說是強烈表示會離職。

The study also revealed the worrying impact from their working life on their physical and mental health when asked about their experiences over the last three months. The results were startling - 61 per cent had experienced "constant tiredness", 60 per cent had experienced insomnia or sleep loss, 47 per cent had experienced "lack of appetite or over-eating" and 45 per cent had "difficulty concentrating".
在被問到在過去的三個月的工作經歷時，這項研究也顯示了工作生活給生理和心理健康帶來焦慮。調查結果令人吃驚——61%的人感到過“經常性疲勞”，60%的人經歷過失眠或睡眠減少，47%的人曾經歷過“缺少胃口或者過量飲食”，45%的人“注意力難以集中”。

Since 2007 - the year that the credit crunch began - the Chartered Management Institute said presenteeism has "increased markedly", such as coming into work when ill. Presenteeism involves staying at work for no reason, but feeling under pressure to remain at your desk in order to impress the boss and to show your loyalty and commitment to your job.
特許管理協會說，從2007年開始——即信貸緊縮的那年，出勤率“顯著增加”，如帶病上班。出勤率包括沒活幹卻堅守崗位，只是在壓力下繼續坐在辦公桌前，爲了給老闆留下好印象，顯示忠心和奉獻精神。

In 2007, 32 per cent of managers agreed: "There is a culture of people not taking sickness absence even when they are ill." Today the figure has jumped to 43 per cent.
2007年，32%的管理人員認爲：“人們形成一種文化，那就是即使生病也不請病假。”今天，這個數據躍升到了43%。

The number of managers suffering from health problems, such as stress, digestive problems, depression, migraines and respiratory complaints, has also risen over the last five years.
遇到壓力、消化問題、壓抑和呼吸系統疾病等健康問題的管理者人數，在近五年中也上升了。

Professor Cary Cooper, from the Lancaster University Management School, said stress begins to show itself through changes in behaviour. These include finding it difficult to concentrate, losing your sense of humour and losing your temper more quickly than normal. But it then moves into more physical forms, such as tending to over-eat or under-eat as well as smoking or drinking.
來自蘭開斯特大學管理學院的卡里·庫伯教授說，壓力問題已經開始通過行爲舉止表現出來了。這些行爲舉止包括：精力難集中、沒有幽默感、脾氣比平日暴躁。再看看更多表現出來的生理問題，如暴飲暴食、過量吸菸或飲酒。

Short periods of stress are manageable, but it can lead to serious health problems, such as heart disease or stomach and bowel problems, if it persists.
短時的壓力還可以控制，但如果長時間經受壓力，可能會引起嚴重的健康問題，如心臟病，胃病和排便問題。

Professor Les Worrall, from the faculty of business at Coventry University, said: "What is more worrying is that there seems to be no sign of economic conditions getting better - we are in for a worrying time if these trends persist into the future."
來自考文垂大學大學商學院的雷斯·沃洛教授說：“更令人焦慮的問題是，似乎沒有什麼跡象表明經濟情況好轉——因此我們擔心這樣的態勢會不會持續到將來。”