知識改變命運 古今中外世界各地開學情景

Back to School

迴歸學校

Photograph by Donald Mcleish, National Geographic Creative

照片由來自“國家地理創意”的唐納德·麥克利什拍攝

A math teacher in Cairo, Egypt, works with his class of six students in 1922.

1992年，一位數學老師在埃及開羅教授他一個班的六個學生。

Much like the anticipation of the first flower blossoms of spring, around the world parents (perhaps mostly) and children eagerly await the return of school classes in fall.

彷彿期待春天花兒的第一抹綻放一般，世界各地的家長（或許大多數家長）和孩子們都在熱切地等待秋季學校課堂的迴歸。

With new clothes and new school supplies, children return to classrooms with new optimism for another school year. And just as the spring flowers signal a transition from one season to another, back-to-school time signals a transition from vacation time to reading, writing, and arithmetic.

有了新衣服、新文具，孩子們帶着對下學年的新期待迴歸教室。正如春天的花兒象徵季節交替一般，迴歸學校的時間象徵着從假期到閱讀、寫作和算數的過渡。

— Photo Gallery by Jessie Wender, Text by E. Ray Walker

Savoring the Written Word
品味寫作世界
Photograph by Rudolf Balogh, National Geographic Creative
攝影：魯道夫·巴洛格，“國家地理創意”

A large classroom is filled with students in traditional attire reading at their desks in Hungary in 1936.
1936年，在匈牙利的一間大教室裏，學生們身穿傳統服飾坐在桌前。

Building Minds and Bodies
身心齊建設
Photograph by Willard Culver, National Geographic Creative
攝影：威拉德·卡爾弗，“國家地理創意”

At the Clarke School for the Deaf in Northampton, Massachusetts, female students played volleyball during a break between classes in 1955.
1955年，在馬薩諸塞州北安普頓市的“克拉克聾啞學校”，女學生們在課間休息時打排球。
Activities such as this helped the deaf learn to communicate.
諸如此類的運動，幫助耳聾學生學習溝通。

Making a Point
表達觀點
Photograph by James P. Blair, National Geographic Creative
攝影：詹姆斯·布萊爾拍攝，“國家地理創意”

U.S. Peace Corps volunteer Nan Borton used a stick to emphasize a point during a class in Antakya, Turkey, in 1964.
1964年，美國和平隊志願者南·波頓在土耳其的安塔基亞市上課時，藉助一根棍子強調一個觀點。
In addition to history, mathematics, and language, students were also taught sewing, handicrafts, and art.
除了歷史、數學和語言，學生也學習縫紉、手工和藝術。

Preserving Irish Heritage
保存愛爾蘭遺產
Photograph by WInfield Parks, National Geographic Creative
拍攝：溫菲爾德·帕克斯，“國家地理創意”

In 1971, students on Inishmaan, part of Ireland's Aran Islands, studied reading and writing Gaelic, the Irish language, to preserve their heritage.
1971年，在作爲愛爾蘭阿倫羣島一部分的伊尼什曼島，學生們在學習用蓋爾語（愛爾蘭人的語言）閱讀和寫作，以保存他們的遺產。
English was also taught, and students there learned more of the language when they went to secondary school at age 14.
英語也是要學的，那兒的學生在14歲上初中後學習更多英文。

Noteworthy Instruction
矚目的教育
Photograph by H. Edward Kim, National Geographic Creative
拍攝：H·愛德華·金，“國家地理創意”

Girls practice playing accordions at the An Hac Junior High School near Pyongyang, North Korea, in 1974.
1974年的北朝鮮，在平壤附近的“安哈克初中”，女孩子們在練習拉手風琴。
To balance out their education, each student had to master a musical instrument as well as a skill such as sewing.
爲了全面發展教育，每個學生都要掌握一門樂器和一門技能，比如縫紉。

Honoring Their Heritage
繼承爲榮
Photograph by George Steinemtz, National Geographic Creative
拍攝：喬治·斯戴梅斯，“國家地理創意”

First-graders dress up for Heritage Day at Detroit's Malcolm X Academy in 1992.
1992年，在底特律的“麥爾肯小學”，一年級的小孩子們穿戴整齊迎接遺產日。

Preparing for the Worst
做最壞的準備

Second-graders in Shchuchye, Russia, in 2002 are taught how to respond in the event of a chemical-leak accident at the large weapons depot next to the school.
2002年，在俄國的休奇耶，二年級的學生們在學習如何應變學校隔壁大型武器庫的化學物質泄露。
The children were instructed to cover their faces with scarves.
老師要求孩子們用圍巾蓋住臉。

A Break From Studies
學習間歇
Photograph by Lynn Johnson, National Geographic Creative
拍攝：林恩·約翰遜，“國家地理創意”

Children play a traditional game during a school break in Ulannbaatar, Mongolia, in 2004.
2004年，在蒙古烏蘭巴托，孩子們在上學間歇玩他們的傳統遊戲。

Seeing Is Believing
眼見爲實
Photograph by Lynn Johnson, National Geographic Creative
拍攝：林恩·約翰遜，“國家地理創意”

Students at the Chilyaba Community School listen intently as a speaker talks about the reintroduction of black rhinos to Zambia in 2005.
2005年，在Chilyaba 社區學校，學生們在專心致志地聽一位演講者講述關於黑犀牛再次被引入贊比亞的故事。
[en]A representative of the North Luangwa Conservation Programme, with assistance from her daughter, brought photos of the rhinos to show the students.
“ 北盧安瓜保護項目”的一名代表，由她女兒的協助，帶來了犀牛的照片給學生們展示。

Educating Pakistani Girls
教育巴基斯坦女孩
Photograph by Reza, National Geographic Creative
拍攝：睿薩，“國家地理創意”

Girls at a school in Multan, Pakistan, pore over books in 2007. Educating girls has historically not been a priority in Pakistan, but that is changing.

2007年，在巴基斯坦的木爾坦，女孩子們在認真讀書。在巴基斯坦，女子的教育從來都不重要，但這種情況在改變。

Watery Commute
水上通勤
Photograph by Jodi Cobb, National Geographic Creative
拍攝：喬迪·科布，“國家地理創意”

Getting to school is a challenge for students in many parts of the world. Here, in 2007, children use a boat to cross a river during the rainy season in Maun, Botswana.
在世界上許多地方，去上學本身就是一個難題。2007年博茨瓦納馬翁市，孩子們在雨季裏會撐着船過河。

An Education Challenge
教育難題
Photograph by Ed Kashi, National Geographic Creative
拍攝：埃德·喀什，“國家地理創意”

Students learn at the Al Sit school for girls in Damascus, Syria, in 2009.
2009年，敘利亞大馬士革，學生們正在Al Sit女子學校上課。
Following the influx of some 1.4 million Iraqi refugees, Syrian schools faced the challenge of absorbing more students while also struggling tomodernize teaching techniques and textbooks.
隨着140萬伊拉克難民涌入，敘利亞的學校正面臨着吸收更多學生的難題，同時也要盡力解決教學方法和課本的現代化問題。

Girl Power
女孩的力量
Photograph by Steve McCurry, National Geographic Creative
拍攝：史蒂夫·麥柯，“國家地理創意”

An Afghan girl reads from a booklet in an undated photo.
在這張未標明日期的照片中，一名阿富汗女孩正在朗讀一本小冊子。
The portrait on the wall is from an iconic 1985 National Geographic magazine cover. It took 17 years to determine the name of the girl in the portrait: Sharbat Gula.
牆上的肖像，是1985年的《國家地理》雜誌封面。當時花了17年，才確定了畫裏那名女孩的姓名是莎爾巴特·古拉。

Getting a Move On
做做運動
Photograph by Doug Craig, National Geographic Your Shot
拍攝：道格·克雷格，“國家地理你掌鏡”

School isn’t all reading and writing. Here, students in Pusan, South Korea, jump rope in the school yard in 2011.
在學校不光要讀書、寫字。2011年，韓國釜山，學生們正在校園裏跳繩。