利用人工智能解決抗生素耐藥性大綱
AI used to fight drug resistance
利用人工智能解決抗生素耐藥性
Scientists in the United Kingdom and China have announced plans to use artificial intelligence on chicken farms in order to combat the problem of antibiotic resistance in both farm animals and humans.
中國和英國的科學家正式宣佈，計劃將人工智能用於養雞場以解決農場動物和人類的抗生素耐藥性問題。
The new initiative will use machine learning to find ways to track and prevent disease on poultry farms, reducing the need for antibiotic treatment in chickens and therefore lowering the risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria transferring to people.
新計劃擬用機器學習找到追蹤和預防家禽養殖場疾病的方法，從而降低雞對抗生素治療的需求，最終降低動物把抗生素耐藥性傳給人類的風險。
The research will be led by animal health experts from the University of Nottingham and Nimrod Veterinary Products in the UK as well as two Chinese partners－New Hope Liuhe in Chengdu and the China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment.
英國諾丁漢大學和尼姆羅德獸醫產品公司的動物健康專家以及兩家中方合作伙伴——成都新希望六和公司及中國國家食品安全風險評估中心，將領導這項研究。
"Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide problem and it's getting worse and worse. Some of these superbugs are resistant to everything, we don't know how to treat them," University of Nottingham veterinary professor Tania Dottorini told China Daily. "On farms, superbugs are not confined to animals, they spread to humans and to the environment, it's an exponential spread. If we don't understand how to stop this, it's going to be really bad."
“抗生素耐藥性是一個全球性問題，且愈演愈烈。有些超級細菌對一切藥物免疫，我們不知該如何解決，”諾丁漢大學的獸醫教授塔妮亞·多托裏尼（Tania Dottorini）對《中國日報》說道。“在養殖場內，超級細菌並不侷限在動物身上，也會被傳播給人類和環境，是一場迅速擴散的傳播。如果我們想不出辦法停止這一切，情況會更加糟糕”
Around 700,000 deaths a year stem from antibiotic resistance, according to a report commissioned by the UK government. If left unchecked, drug resistance could lead to 10 million deaths a year by 2050, which is more than the number of people who now die from cancer annually.
英國政府發佈的一項報告表示：每年約有70萬人死於抗生素耐藥性。如不加以控制，到2050年，抗生素耐藥性每年將導致1000萬人死亡，高於每年因癌症去世的人數。
Antibiotics work by disrupting function in certain parts of a bacterial cell. Bacteria become resistant to antibiotics through genetic mutations that alter those areas of the cell, meaning the medication can no longer target them.
抗生素通過破壞細菌細胞的某部分功能起到作用。但細菌可以通過改變這一細胞區域的基因突變對抗生素產生耐藥性，這也意味着抗生素對其不再有效。
The more a strain of bacteria is exposed to an antibiotic, the more likely it is to become resistant. Large numbers of people and animals are given antibiotics when they don't need them, so reducing unnecessary consumption is crucial in the fight against so-called superbugs.
細菌菌株接觸抗生素的次數越多，該細菌產生耐藥性的可能性就越大。很多人和動物都會在自身身體健康的情況下被注射/口服抗生素，所以，減少不必要的消耗對於解決所謂的超級細菌至關重要。
"When you have a large-scale data set, the human mind can't cope with that, it's too complex," Dottorini said of machine learning. "We need something that is able to understand the relationship across a big amount of information."
“人類大腦無法處理大規模的數據集，畢竟太複雜了，”多托裏尼談及機器學習時說道。“我們需要這樣一個機器，它能夠理清大量信息之間的關係。”
Dottorini said that, if successful, these methods should be transferable to other farm studies in China and abroad.
多托裏尼說道，如果這一計劃能夠成功，這些方法將會被轉移到中國和其他國家的養殖場進行研究。
