最傑出的老師告訴你：鑑別良師的11條法則
教師節到了，每年的這個時候我們都會想起那些曾經給予我們指導和關愛的恩師。良師難得，如今的教師隊伍良莠不齊，什麼樣的老師才稱得上是一名好老師呢？美國《赫芬頓郵報》摘選了美國各地曾經獲得最佳教師稱號的老師們給出的答案。
Iranian-born Farsi teacher Hanna Jahanforooz writes on a white board in a class at the Ben-Gurion High School in Petah Tikva, Israel, May 29, 2018. Picture taken May 29, 2018. REUTERS/Nir Elias
Rule 1: Rules are made to be broken.
第一條：規則就是用來打破的。
高中英語老師邁克爾·古德溫（Michael Goodwin）：
"Really good education is all about risk-taking and about making a mess; learning is chaotic, right?”
“真正的好教育應該是敢於冒險和製造混亂；學習本就在混亂中行進的，不是嗎？”
Rule 2: All for one, and one for all.
第二條：人人爲我，我爲人人。
六年級老師阿爾瑪·蘇妮·帕克（Alma Suney Park）：
"On the first day of school I always tell my students that our classroom is their second home and that our class is an extension of their family. I believe this is just as important as creating an exceptional curriculum.”
“開學的第一天，我總是告訴學生們，我們的教室就是他們的第二個家，我們的課堂就是他們家庭的延伸。我認爲營造家的氛圍和上好課一樣重要。”
Rule 3: Bring your passions into the classroom.
第三條：把自己的愛好和課堂結合起來。
高中英語老師克林特·史密斯（Clint Smith）：
"As a professional spoken-word poet, I try to embody how learning to read and write well serves a purpose beyond the academic. These are critical skills that have the power to open up new worlds of opportunities. My poetry provides an entry point for my students to engage in literature, and empowers them to delve into text when they may have otherwise been hesitant to do so.”
“作爲一名職業口語詩人，我試着賦予閱讀和寫作在學術之外的意義。閱讀和寫作是開啓充滿機遇新世界的關鍵技能。我的詩歌爲學生接觸文學打開了一扇門，讓他們有能力深入研究文本，而不是徘徊不前。”
Rule 4: Never teach to the test.
第四條：教學不是爲了應試。
高中英語老師、辯論導師喬什·安德森（Josh Anderson）：
"Exceptional test scores, brilliant job applicants, and competitive colleges should simply be by-products of a great education, not the sole purpose of it.”
“出色的考試成績、優秀的求職者和競爭力強的大學只應該是傑出教育的副產品，而非唯一目的。”
Rule 5: Keep it real.
第五條：學以致用
英語、生態學、戲劇老師達里爾·比蘭季亞（Daryl Bilandzija）：
"If you’re willing to take a little bit of a risk with some of your curriculum and experiment with more hands-on experiences with the kids, you can develop programs that are so much better adapted to the needs of the particular students you’re teaching, offering them real ways to apply their learning instead of just passively receiving information.”
“如果老師們願意拿自己的課冒點險做做實驗，讓孩子們多動手，就能設計一些更好地適應特定學生需求的課堂內容，讓學生們可以學以致用，而不只是被動地接受信息。”
Rule 6: There is no such thing as an un-teachable child.
第六條：沒有教不好的孩子。
數學和閱讀老師朱莉亞·金（Julia King）：
"My students are kids just like any other kids. Of course they can learn. Of course they can love school. Of course they can build good relationships. Of course they have a voice. They just need to learn how to use it.”
“我的學生是孩子，就和其他孩子一樣。所以他們當然都能好好學習，都會喜歡學校，都能搞好關係，都有發言權。他們只是需要學習如何使用發言權。”
Rule 7: Necessity is the mother of all invention.
第七條：需要是創造之母。
巡迴音樂老師傑森·章（Jason Chuong）：
"So here I was, a first-year teacher, with 250 students and a hundred-dollar budget. My solution was bucket drumming. I had the idea to go to Home Depot and buy a bunch of five-gallon paint buckets to use as drums. The kids loved it . . . . This is my fourth year now, and it’s really taken off.”
“我第一年當老師時，手頭有250個學生和100美元預算。我的解決方案是打桶鼓。我到連鎖店家得寶去買了一堆五加侖油漆桶來當鼓。孩子們很喜歡。現在我當老師第四年了，這個桶鼓項目真的很受歡迎。”
Rule 8: Produce good people, not just good students.
第八條：培養好人，而不只是培養好學生。
五年級老師雷夫·艾斯奎斯（Rafe Esquith）：
"The greatest challenge I face is to teach my students to be honorable in a dishonorable world. I want them to be decent even though they are growing up in an environment surrounded by indecency and a media that celebrates awful behavior . . . . My job is to show children that there is an alternative way to live one’s life.”
“我面臨的最大挑戰是教學生在一個不光彩的世界中做一個可敬的人。即使他們所成長的環境被下流行徑和歌頌無恥行爲的媒體包圍，我依然希望他們做體面的人。我的工作就是讓孩子們知道，人生還有另一種活法。”
Rule 9: Be the person you want your students to become.
第九條：你希望學生成爲什麼樣的人，自己就做什麼樣的人
AP統計學、微觀經濟學老師簡·克利爾·維奧（Jane Klir Viau）：
"In order to expect commitment from my students, I must first demonstrate my own commitment to each of them. I take the time to try to understand each of them personally; I make myself available during lunch hours, free periods, and after school . . . . Through seeing that my motivations lie with their success and not my own track record, the students come to their own conclusions about my sincerity. It is after this realization that I begin to see my students, one by one, meeting me halfway.”
“想得到學生的愛戴，首先我必須表現出對他們每一個人盡心盡力。我花時間去了解每一個學生；我在午飯、課間休息時間和放學後都和學生保持接觸……當學生們知道我這樣做是爲了他們成才而不是自己的教學業績，他們就會明白我的真心。在意識到這一點後，學生們就會一個個地主動配合我。”
Rule 10: You can’t do it alone.
第十條：不能單憑自己一人之力。
高中物理、化學、工程學、建築學老師傑弗裏·沙博諾（Jeffrey Charbonneau）：
"Success does not occur in isolation . . . . It’s only because of the teacher next door, the teacher down the hall. It’s because of the secretaries. It’s because of the administration. It’s because of a whole staff working together to try and make good things happen. The magic formula in education is not hiring the right person. It’s hiring the right group of people, who all want to achieve the same goals.”
“成功的教育靠的不是一己之力。你的成功也要歸功於隔壁的老師、走廊那頭的老師、辦公室祕書、學校行政人員……因爲所有的教職人員齊心協力，才能教出好學生。教育的祕方不是聘到一個合適的人，而是聘到一羣合適的人，這些人都想實現同樣的目標。”
Rule 11: Be a student of your students.
第十一條：以學生爲師。
初中多媒體、播音和社交媒體老師傑伊·霍夫曼（Jay Hoffman）：
"Teaching reflects you. If you can look at that reflection, you will really learn about yourself. That humbles me and brings me to tears when I talk about it. Because in the beginning, I was scared of what I saw. Kids find the cracks in your armor. It is not that they set out to, they just do. But if you are willing to step back and reflect, you can grow so much. You think you are going to teach, but boy, do you learn. I have come to understand that, truly, I am my students’ student.”
“你的教育方式反映你的自身。如果你反省一下，將能真正瞭解自己。提到我教學的初體驗，我會覺得羞愧難當。一開始我對自己見到的情景感到恐慌。孩子們會給你挑錯。他們並不是故意的，但他們就是這麼做了。但如果你退一步反思一下這段經歷，你會發現自己成長了很多。你以爲你是來教這些孩子的，但是你自己也學到了很多。我現在真正理解到，我是我的學生的學生。”
