託福獨立寫作冷門話題破題技巧實例講解

常有托福考生在考完試後抱怨，獨立寫作又出了個莫名其妙的話題根本不知道怎麼寫。之所以會出現這種情況，考生自身的知識積累不足當然是一方面原因，但更主要的原因則是大家缺乏應對陌生話題的破題技巧。下面小編就通過實例來爲考生講解具體技巧思路。

託福獨立寫作冷門話題破題技巧實例講解

題目：現代生活中製作食物更容易，人們的生活質量也因此提高。你是否同意這種觀點?

破題思路分析：

1. 要與論題相匹配

論題問的既然是提高生活質量與否，一些無關緊要的改變就應該棄之不用，比如烹調時間縮短這一項改變，是事實，且未對生活質量有直接明顯影響，就應該避免用作主要論點。

2. 要能言之有物

這是再功利不過的一條標準。比如我自己提到了食物準備時間縮短能讓人性情改變，破題時覺得不無可能，真落筆時卻不知道由何說起，如果選了這一條爲一個主要論點，結果是我說了一句話就走人，那還不如選個能下筆，能展示語言功底，也能顯示思維縝密的寫作方向。

3. 選擇的無論是2個還是3個論點，內在一定要有聯繫

這其實是整個立意階段的重頭。要立意，就是要明白自己表達的對象是什麼，明確立場。然後站在這個立場上，挑選支持自己的論點。

如何整理行文思路?

託福寫作破題結束後，第二要做的重要事項便是整理行文思路。破題過程其實是個發散思維的過程，而立意，則是要把思維收回來，組織化，理清它的脈絡紋路，讓他們按照自認爲最有說服力的順序排列好，準備落於紙上的過程。這個說服力的強弱，應該以什麼標準判斷呢-筆者認爲，能說服讀者的議論，在論點選擇上應該遵循一個原則：三個(或者兩個)論點不能在層面上有交叉，但要符合一條明線：支持全文觀點。而最打動讀者的論點選擇，不僅遵循上面的原則，三個看似不交叉的論點間還有一條暗線貫穿一致。令全文渾然天成，回味無窮。

立意的地一步，按照上面的原則看，當然是先確定觀點。以題目爲例，筆者願意選擇否，食物易於準備降低了人們的生活質量。第一步踏出去了。

確定觀點後，破題時得到的思維方向，明顯不利於我的就應該排除。比如營養價值改變這一條，雖然速食文化的確對人體有害，但另一項速食：生疏和熟粗糧，就是向有益方向改變的，兩者勢均力敵，僅管是很容易想到，也很容易舉例論證的論點，卻不宜使用，因爲如此貿然用了，有思維不縝密之嫌。然而，這畢竟是一塊好啃的骨頭，如果其他論點都不好論證，還可以回頭撿起這一條來，隱去健康速食那個事實進行作文，當然，這依然是下下之選。

託福寫作中的重點詞彙內容

殘忍的，野蠻的--ferocious bloodthirsty brutal cruel fierce vicious wild

atrocious

邪惡的，有害的，致命的—sinister, a sinister smile. diabolic corrupt forbidding可怕的, 令人難親近的 pernicious

virulent

祕密的，偷偷的--cryptic含有隱義的; 晦澀難懂的; 神祕的 furtive, furtive movements偷偷摸摸的, 鬼鬼祟祟的, 祕密的 covert隱蔽的; 不公開的; 祕密的: covered hidden hideaway shelter , sneak

veiled s避難所--asylum haven home institution refuge shelter harbor

節約的--frugal

浪費的，揮霍的—prodigal(They are prodigal in their expenditures) extravagant lavish spendthrift wasteful squander

浪費時間，逗弄，嬉戲--dally dawdle delay lag linger loiter

祝福，感謝--benediction bless bliss blessing

欺騙，詐騙—deceive

hoodwink

逃避工作—nger 裝病(以逃避工作或責任)goldbrick逃避勤務的士兵 relinquish 放棄

揭密，泄漏--uncover disclose expose open reveal unmask

掠奪，搶劫--loot predate rob pillage plunder sack spoil despoil burglarize

angle

誹謗，中傷--aspersion slander derogate calumniate libel discredit denigrate

讚揚--extol compliment glorify laud praise commend acclaim eulogize eucomium

頌詞，表揚--laud eulogy ode hymn

反對，不贊成--demur deprecate dissent dissident

否認，拒絕，駁斥-- contradict dispute refute renounce naysay reject

repudiate gainsay

哀悼，後悔，哀嘆--deplore bemoan regret lament dirge bewail repent

驅逐，出境--deport banish expel expatriate evict exile oust exclude

ostracism

居住--dwell abide reside inhabit occupy

誇張，吹牛--vaunt exaggerate bombast overstate full-blown overdo magnify

amplify

誇張的--stilted lofty

活潑的--vivacious active animated brisk dynamic energetic exuberant gay

lively

惡作劇的，頑皮的--prankish naughty impish elfish devilish mischievous puckish

笨拙的，麻煩的--cumbersome bulky burdensome clumsy troublesome unmanageable

bothersome gauche antic awkward ham-handed

暴亂，騷動--agitation bother commotion fret stir riot squall

大風暴--tempest violence storm

大混亂，大災難--havoc calamity catastrophe misfortune disaster mishap tragedy

巨大的，驚人的--prodigious colossal enormous extraordinary gigantic huge

immense mammoth vast tremendous

例外的，奇特的，罕見的--exceptional remarkable stupendous

奇妙的，不可思議的--miraculous wonderful marvelous

大膽的，莽撞的--audacious bold brave daring gallant heroic valiant prowess

多產的，豐富的，繁茂的--prolific fecund fertile fruitful productive

munificent prosperous affluent flourish opulent well-off plentiful abundant

貧瘠的，不孕的，不毛之地--barren sterile

貧困的，貧乏的，沒錢的--indigent penurious penury impecunious improvished

needy down-and -out penniless wretched destitute bankrupt

手銬，束縛--shackle handcuff manacle chain bind fetter

神祕的--mysterious esoteric occult

取消，撤銷，廢除--resciss repeal nullify abolish quash withdraw abrogate

abolish annul cancel invalidate recall rescind revoke nullify retract

overrule

使衰弱，使衰老--enfeeble enervate debilitate weaken vitiate

虛弱的，衰老的--feckless flaccid flagging languid effete

恥辱，污名--tarnish stain slur disgrace brand blemish stigma discredit

humiliation

持久的--everlasting perpetual permanent endurable abiding eternal

短暫的 --momentary temporary transient ephemeral evanescent provisional

謹慎的，警覺的--wary chary vigilant discreet considerate cautious prudent

careful circumspect

責備，指責，咒罵--accuse blame censure charge denounce impugn impeach indict

execrate condemn criticize reproach reprove disapprove upbraid vituperate

reprove injure reprehend rebuke inveigh diatribe abuse lambaste obloquy

invective

免責，確定無罪--exempt exonerate exculpate invulnerable absolve

妨礙，阻撓--filibuster encumber impede hamper hinder stymie curb obstruct

restrain retard hamper thwart foil clog check occlude

挑剔的--meticulous nitpick finicky finical exacting censoring fussy

fastidious choosy critical particular selective pernickety prissy

punctilious prudish

苛責，吹毛求疵的--carp cavil pick criticize quibble

鎮壓--quell appease extinguish hush lull mollify pacify quiet smother

stifle subdue suppress squelsh foil slake quench

刺激--rouse arouse awaken excite foment anger inflame kindle move pique

provoke disquiet incense whet stimulate stir instigate galvanize vex rile

roil annoy aggravate disturb irritate

放縱--indulge coddle pamper pander-to mollycoddle humor cater dote-on

sybarite voluptuary wanton spoil

笨蛋，傻瓜--dolt numskull dunce blockhead lout idiocy idiot cretin half-wit

fool dullard imbecile moron simpleton prat oaf slouch dull-head

愚蠢--idiocy stupidity absurdity madness lunacy folly

愚蠢的--crass doltish oafish imbecilic moronic fatuous vacuous

僞造，摻假--adulterate forge counterfeit falsify bogus

真正的，純種的--genuine authentic

真實的，坦誠的，誠實的--candid candor frank fair genuine open pure

trustworthy trustful veracious virtuous

新手，生手--apprentice neophyte novice typo greenhorn freshman uninitiated

verdant

預言，預知，預告--presage predict forecast foresee foretell portend portent

prophesy anticipate omen divine soothsay augur forebode presentiment

猶豫，停滯--balk boggle scruple demur falter flounder pause vacillate waver

hesitate

消除，除去--efface erase obliterate raze eliminate exterminate

閒扯，瞎說--drivel prate babble chat chatter gossip blab prattle babble

gabble jabber

溫順的，馴服的--tame obedient meek gentle docile tame bonhomie

效忠，尊敬--homage adoration deference esteem honor respect reverence

veneration

忠誠--fidelity allegiance attachment devotion faith fealty loyalty

精確，準確--accuracy exactness exactitude precision

簡潔的--concise terse curt brief succinct compendious condensed compressed

laconic

大綱，摘要--précis compendium compendia abstract summary synopsis

扼要，說明--recapitulate summarize outline

民意測驗，民意調查--gall-up pollster

使成僵局，僵局--stalemate deadlock

粗略的，大概的,粗糙的--schematic cursory coarse crude rough vulgar churlish

husky

吸引人的--intriguing alluring appealing attractive bewitching captivate

charming enchanting enticing fascinating interesting inviting tantalizing

tempting thrilling winning ingratiating

優勢，主權，權勢--clout ascendance ascendancy authority preponderance

majority

荒謬的，愚蠢的，可笑的--preposterous absurd silly ridiculous senseless

nonsensical

合理的--logical national reasonable sound

一致的，相等的，同樣的--congruent tantamount commensurate

和睦，一致--concord harmony agreement rapport conformity

分配，給予，分發--allocate allot apportion assign distribute divide

相稱的，合適的，應得的--condign becoming fitting proper suitable appropriate

微不足道的--trivial frivolous measly paltry superficial trifling worthless

託福寫作高分中的修辭內容

巧用修辭

1. 排比對稱結構

Despite all the evidence, experts continue to debate weather global warming exists, how extensive the problem is, what the likely effects will be and whether any remedy is possible.

Despite all the evidence, experts continue to debate the existence of global warming, the extent of the problem, its likely effects and any possible remedy.

2. 比喻

(1)明喻：比喻詞出現：as, like, as if…

In many ways, no doubt, our world grows more and more complex, sputniks cannot be simple; yet how many of our complexities remain futile, how many of our artificialities false. Simplicity too can be subtle-as the straight lines of a Greek temple, like the Parthenon at Athens, are delicately curved in order to look straighter still.

(2)暗喻：比喻詞不出現。

America has given the Negro people a bad check, which has come back marked insufficient funds.

3. 對照：加深印象

Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice; moderation is the pursuit of justice is no virtue.

4. 類比

The Negro has a callus growing on his soul and it is getting harder and harder to hurt him here. That is a simple law of nature. Like a callus on the foot in a shoe that is too tight. The foot is nature’s and that shoe was put on by man. The tight shoe will pinch your foot and make you holler and scream. But sooner or later, if you do not take the shoe off, a callus will form on the foot and begin to wear out the shoe.

It is the same with the Negro in America. That shoe-the white man’s system—has pinched and rubbed and squeezed his soul until it has almost destroyed him. But it did not. And how a callus has formed on his soul, and unless that system is adjusted to fit him, too, that callus is going to wear our that system.

5. 擬人

Dawn was beginning to prowl about the sky and put out the starts.

6. 誇張

For she was beautiful—her beauty made the bright world dim, and everything beside seemed like the fleeting image of a shade.