歐洲法院判決指向盜版內容的連結非法
Online publishers who knowingly link to illegally uploaded content are liable for copyright infringement, according to a European Court of Justice ruling that could have broad consequences for digital media.
根據歐洲法院(European Court of Justice)一項裁決，有意連結非法上傳內容的網路出版商，須承擔侵害版權的法律責任。這一裁決可能會對數字化媒體產生廣泛影響。
The ruling, which marks the culmination of a five-year legal fight involving a Dutch blog, Playboy magazine and celebrity nude pictures, draws new lines around what has been a highly contested area of online copyright law.
這一裁決標誌著一輪持續五年的法律訴訟達到高潮，該案涉及一個荷蘭部落格網站、《花花公子》(Playboy)雜誌和多張名人裸照。該裁決為網路版權法一個始終極有爭議的領域劃定了新的規範。
Until now, Europe’s top court has tolerated the widespread practice of providing weblinks to unauthorised online content — whether films, pictures, video or text — concluding that this did not generally amount to a breach of copyright.
直至目前，對於提供指向未授權線上內容（無論是電影、圖片、視訊，還是文字）的網頁連結的普遍行為，歐洲最高法院一直持容忍態度，認定這麼做通常不等於對版權的侵犯。
Instead, the website that hosted the underlying content was liable.
相反，提供相關內容的網站須承擔法律責任。
But on Thursday the ECJ decided that linking to such material did infringe copyright unless it was done without the pursuit of financial gain by a person who did not know or could not reasonably have known the illegal nature of the publication.
然而，週四歐洲法院裁定，對這類資料的連結確實侵犯了版權——除非此舉是由不瞭解或無法足夠了解這一出版活動非法屬性的人士，在無盈利目的的情況下實施的。
The ruling means that professional publishers must now take steps to ensure that any links to copyright content have been lawfully uploaded.
這一裁決意味著專業出版商如今必須採取措施，確保對於指向版權內容的任何連結，相關內容都是合法上傳的。
Profit-making websites can be expected to take necessary checks to ensure that the work concerned is not illegally published, according to the judgment.
根據這一判決，營利網站預設應採取必要審查措施，確保相關作品不是非法出版。
Search engines such as Google already remove search results that link to websites that host pirated material once informed by rights holders.
谷歌(Google)等搜尋引擎已經採取了措施，只要版權持有者告知，就會移除指向提供盜版資料的網站的搜尋結果。
After Thursday’s ruling, they could be forced to go further by taking down search results featuring publishers that merely link to other websites hosting unlicensed content, according to some copyright lawyers.
按照部分版權律師的說法，在週四的裁決之後，它們可能不得不更進一步，撤下指向一類出版商的搜尋結果，這類出版商只會提供指向其他非授權內容網站的連結。
The case began in 2011 when Geen Stijl, an anarchic Dutch blog and one of the most popular websites in the Netherlands, linked to illegally uploaded naked photos of a Dutch celebrity in Playboy.
該案始於2011年，Geen Stijl網站釋出了指向非法上傳內容的連結，這些非法上傳的內容是一位荷蘭名人在《花花公子》上的裸照。Geen Stijl是荷蘭一個無政府主義部落格，也是荷蘭人氣最高的網站之一。
The pictures were hosted on file sharing website Filefactory, to which the blog linked.
該部落格文章裡的連結指向的照片位於檔案分享網站Filefactory。
Playboy publisher Sanoma demanded that Geen Stijl remove the link to the photos, but the Dutch website refused.
《花花公子》出版商Sanoma要求Geen Stijl撤下指向這些照片的連結，卻遭到這家荷蘭網站的拒絕。
In fact, the blog went further and repeatedly uploaded other links to the pictures, with titles such as: Update: Not yet seen the nude pics . . .? They are HERE, and Bye Bye Wave Wave Playboy.
事實上，該部落格更進了一步，反覆上傳了指向這些照片的其他連結，並帶上了更新：還沒看過這些裸照……？它們在這裡和《花花公子》，再見！揮手！之類的標題。
Brussels is on the cusp of launching a controversial overhaul of its copyright rules, in which rights holders stand to gain more power.
歐盟目前正要對其版權法規開展一輪爭議極大的整改，在這一整改中版權持有者將獲得更大權力。
Under the plans, news publishers will be given more rights over their content in a move that would force the likes of Google to agree terms before showing snippets of news content.
按照這一計劃，新聞出版商將圍繞其內容被賦予更多權利，此舉或迫使谷歌之類的網站在顯示新聞內容摘要前同意相關條款。
Critics warned that the ruling — combined with the proposed reforms — could have a chilling effect online.
批評者警告稱，這一裁決以及擬議中的改革可能會在網上引起恐慌。
Jakob Kucharczyk, director of CCIA Europe, which represents the technology industry, said: This case shows that the freedom to hyperlink is under attack.
代表高科技產業的計算機與通訊行業協會歐洲分會(CCIA Europe)主席雅各布•庫哈爾奇克(Jakob Kucharczyk)表示：該案表明，超連結自由正遭受攻擊。
Following the verdict, a post on Geen Stijl warned: Careful hyperlinking, people — today there is a minefield on the free internet.
該判決釋出後，Geen Stijl網站上一個網帖警告稱：夥計們，小心超連結——如今，自由的網際網路上存在著地雷陣。
The decision will be welcomed by rights holders, according to Josephine Curry, associate in Taylor Wessing, as it offers some protection against commercial websites.
按照泰樂信律師事務所(Taylor Wessing)律師約瑟菲娜•庫裡(Josephine Curry)的說法，該裁決將受到版權持有者的歡迎，因為它針對商業網站提供了一定程度的保護。
