小學英語考試實用的複習資料

在考試之前要把自己之前學習過的英語知識在看一篇就萬無一失啦，下面小編就給大家整理了實用英語，歡迎大家閱讀

　　some /any

肯定句：I have some toys in my bedroom.

一般疑問句和否定句中：Do you have any brothers or sisters? He doesn’t have any pencils in his pencil case.

表示建議、請求等：Would you like some juice? Can I have some stamps?

　　祈使句

Sit down, please. Don’t open the door.. Let’s go to the park.

一：學生易錯詞彙

1. a, an的選擇: 元音字母開頭的單詞用an，輔音字母開頭的單詞用a.

2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數用is , 複數用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.

3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數用has , 複數用have. I ,you 用 have .

4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物，某人。單數用there is , 複數用there are.

5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.

6. 疑問詞的選擇:what (什麼) who (誰) where (哪裏) whose (誰的) why(爲什麼)when(什麼時候)which(哪一個)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢)

二：形容詞比較級詳解

當我們需要對事物作出比較時，需要用到比較級。比較級的句子結構通常是：

什麼 + 動詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級 + than(比)+ 什麼 ,如：

I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)

An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一隻大象比一隻老虎更大。)

形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎上變化而來的，它的變化規則是：

① 一般的直接在詞尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,

② 以e結尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,

③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的，先改y爲i再加er，如funny - funnier

④ 雙寫最後的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter

☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應該是互相對應的可比較的東西。

典型錯誤：My hair is longer than you.(我的頭髮比你更長。)

比較的兩者是我的頭髮、你(整個人)，那麼比較的對象就沒有可比性。

應該改爲：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.

比較級專項練習: 一、從方框中選出合適的單詞完成句子 heavy tall long big

(1) How is the Yellow River?

(2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.

(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.

(4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg.

三：動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構成規則

A、規則動詞

① 一般直接在動詞的後面加ed：如　worked , learned , cleaned , visited

②　以e結尾的動詞直接加d：如　lived , danced , used

③ 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y爲i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如　study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬於此類)

④ 雙寫最後一個字母(此類動詞較少)如　stopped

B、不規則動詞(此類詞並無規則，須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式：

sing – sang ,

eat – ate ,

see – saw ,

have – had ,

do – did ,

go – went ,

take – took ,

buy – bought ,

get – got ,

read – read ,

fly – flew ,

am/is – was ,

are – were ,

say – said ,

leave – left ,

swim – swam ,

tell – told ,

draw – drew ,

come – came ,

lose – lost ,

find – found ,

drink – drank ,

hurt – hurt ,

feel – felt

四：動詞現在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構成規則

① 一般的直接在後面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

② 以e 結尾的動詞，要先去e再加ing　，如having , writing

③ 雙寫最後一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting

五：句型專項歸類

1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

2、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

☆注意☆ 小結：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動詞be的句子則“not”加在be後面，可縮寫成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞(do，does，did)，然後在它後面加上“not”，你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。這三個助動詞要根據人稱和時態來選擇，其中“does”只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況，而“did”只用於一般過去時，不論主語是什麼人稱和數，都用“did” 。

3、一般疑問句：是指詢問事實的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。

如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.

Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.

Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)

Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).

Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

☆注意☆ 小結：一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎上，

①把動詞be調到首位，其他照寫，末尾標點符號變成問號即可。

②沒有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞(do，does，did)再把緊跟在後面的動詞變回原形，末尾標點符號變成問號即可。

這三個助動詞也要根據人稱和時態來選擇，其中“does”只用於一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數的情況，而“did”只用於一般過去時，不論主語是什麼人稱和數，都用“did” 。一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致，即問句裏的第一個單詞(助動詞)和簡略答句裏的這個詞是一致的。

4、特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該問什麼就答什麼，不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如：

What is this? It’s a computer.

What does he do? He’s a doctor.

Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.

Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.

Which season do you like best? Summer.

When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.

Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.

Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.

How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.

How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.

☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問詞組用來提問，如： how many(多少(數量)), how much(多少(錢)), how tall(多高), how long(多長), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)

例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.

How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.

How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.

☆小結：how many 用來提問可數名詞的數量，主要有以上三種句式搭配，

How many + 名詞複數 + do you have? 你有多少……?

How many + 名詞複數 + can you see? 你能看見多少……?

How many + 名詞複數 + are there…? 有多少……?