高中英語時態用法：現在進行時和過去將來時

中學英語涉及到的時態一共有16種，下面給大家準備了現在進行時用法說明，希望對大家複習備考有幫助。

　　高中英語十六種時態用法詳解之現在進行時

1. 現在進行時的定義

現在進行時主要用於表示目前正在進行的動作，有時也可表示現階段在進行的動作。如：

The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老師正在給我們上英語課。

The farmers are getting in their crops. 農民們正在收割莊稼。

We are making preparations for the conference. 我們一直在爲會議作準備。

2. 現在進行時的結構

現在進行時由“am / is / are + 現在分詞”構成。如：

I’m studying at Yu Cai Senior Middle school. 我在育才中學讀書。

He is writing on the desk. 他再課桌上寫字。

They are talking about their visiting the Great Wall. 他們在談論遊長城的事情。

【說明】動詞現在分詞的構成方法：

(1) 一般在動詞後加-ing。如：say—saying, play—playing, think—thinking, study—studying, teach —teaching, blow—blowing, build—building.

(2) 動詞若以-e結尾, 則去e再加-ing。如：love—loving, make—making, guide—guiding, date—dating.

(3) 在以單短元音的重讀閉音節結尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞後，雙寫最後一個輔音字母，再加-ing。如：begin—beginning, regret—regretting, plan—planning, ban — banning.

(4) 在以ie結尾的動詞後，改ie爲y，再加-ing。如：lie—lying, die—dying, tie—tying.

(5) 在以-c[k] 結尾的動詞後加-king。如：picnic—picnicking, panic—panicking.

3. 現在進行時的應用

(1) 表示目前正在發生或進行的動作。如：

They are planting trees on the mountain. 他們在山上植樹。

Mother is preparing supper in the kitchen. 母親在廚房做晚飯。

(2) 有些非持續性動詞的進行時可以表示動作即將進行或發生，或表示動作的重複。如：

He is joining the army. 他要參軍了。

They are buying the house. 他們要買那座房子。

(3) 當現在進行時中有always, forever, constantly, continually修飾時，表示說話人的讚賞或厭煩的感情。如:

Why is the baby always crying? 爲什麼那個老是在哭。

They are always helping us. 他們總是幫助我們。

注意：表示狀態、感覺、心理活動的靜態動詞，一般不使用語進行時態。

　　高中英語十六種時態用法詳解之過去將來時

1. 過去將來時的定義

過去將來時主要用於表示過去某個時候看來即將發生的動作或存在的狀態。如：

He said he would come here next Friday. 他說他下週星期五來這兒。

I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道當我們陷入困境時它會幫助我們。

2. 過去將來時的結構

(1) would + 動詞原形。如：

She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告訴我們說她將一切努力在本期趕上其他同學們。

When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 過去當你請她幫忙時，他絕不會拒絕。

(2) was / were going to + 動詞原形。如：

He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告訴我說他要參加那次會議。

He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他說將要拍我去火車站接她

(3) was / were to + 動詞原形。如：

The building was to be completed next month. 這座建築改在下個月竣工。

Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李蕾很快就要到了。

(4) was / were about to + 動詞原形。如：

We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我們要離開時，天突然下起了大雨。

He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中飯的時候，門鈴響起來了。

(5) was / were +現在分詞。如：

He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。

We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我們接到通知說領導們很快要來我們學校。

3. 過去將來時的用法

(1) 過去將來時，一般用於主句爲過去時的賓語從句中。如：

He said he would stay with us. 他說他要與我們呆在一起。

He said he would never go there again. 他說他絕不會再去那兒。

(2) 過去將來時，用於虛擬語氣中，如：

If I were you, I would not do that. 要是我是你的話，我就不會那樣做。

If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在這兒，他就會向我們展示該如何做了。

4. 拓展

was / were going to + 動詞原形;was / were to + 動詞原形;was / were about to + 動詞原形等結構都可表達當時一種未曾實現的意圖或打算。如：

The conference was going to be held the next month. 會議下個月開。

We were to have our class at eight. 八點我們該上課了。

I was about to tell him about it when Wu Dong got in. 就在我要告訴他時，吳東進來了。