考研英語詞彙128個熟詞僻義整理
2023考研英語詞彙是考研英語基礎階段複習的首要內容，關於考研英語詞彙的備考，考生除了利用詞根詞綴進行詞彙的記憶外，對詞彙進行分類整理也至關重要。考研英語詞彙128個熟詞僻義整理彙總。
strate v.實施，執行;給予，投(藥)
administrate rites/administrate drugs/ administer justice 實施儀式/使用藥物/執行審判
s.解決;致詞
address this issue 解決這個問題.
The president addressed the nation during the war.總統在戰時對全國發表演講。
n.神氣，架子
There is a high air in his tone.
他的語氣中透出一種高傲的感覺。
on the air 用無線電傳播
n.主播 v. 拋錨泊船;把……固定住
She anchored the gig before it was too late.
她及時停住了快艇。
riate vt. 擅用，挪用，佔用，盜用
We have to appropriate more resource if we want to win.如果我們想贏的話，我們必需挪用更多的資源。
ate adj.(官職)副的 n. 同事，夥伴
He is pretty young as an associate professor.作爲一個副教授來說，他很年輕。
e n. 差額;結餘，餘款
We will check the balance sheet before we put any more money in your company.
在投更多的錢進你們公司之前我們必須檢查一下你們的資產負債表。
v.鑽(孔)，挖(洞)，打眼，鑽探
I am bored from all the boring work.
挖這麼長時間的洞，真無聊。
v. 指揮，支配，發號施令
Don't boss me around.別指手畫腳的。
10. combination” n. 化合物;密碼
The combination is too hard to crack. 密碼太難破解了。
11. complex n. 行.聯合體;情結
an iron and steel complex 鋼鐵聯合企業
inferiority complex 自卑情緒
12. complication n. 複雜，糾紛;併發症; 混亂
The jury will have to reconsider the verdict because of certain complications
involved. 因爲一些複雜的情況的介入，陪審團必須得重新考慮審判結果。
13. dial n.鍾(表)面，刻度盤，撥號盤
the dial is luminous so you can see the clock in dark.
因爲鐘面會發光所以你可以在黑暗看見鍾。
14. displacement n. 行.移置;取代; 位移;排水量
Displacement is the actual distance between two sites.位移是兩點問的實際距離。
The largest displacement of civilian population since World War Two A ship with a displacement of 10000 tonnes.
15. extension n. 電話分機
16. fare v. 過活，生活; 進展
You may go farther and fare worse.
[諺]走得更遠可能情況更糟(知足常樂)。
n. 銼刀.銼
Manicurists are skilled at shaping and filing nails.
美甲師對修剪、銼光指甲很在行。
filed for divorce ᨀ出離婚
n. 避難所，藏身處.vt 隱匿，窩藏，包 庇 harbor the criminal 藏匿罪犯
19. hearing n. 審訊;聽證會
Her hearing 聽覺 is poor. He is hearing-impaired= he is not able to hear well. 他聽覺受損。
20. hearty adj. 豐盛的 breakfast ;衷心的;健壯的 man;n. 朋友們，夥伴們 heartily adv. 極其地;強烈地
Most Afghans are heartily sick of war。大多數阿富汗人極其厭惡戰爭。
21. jealous adj. 猜疑的，警惕的(of) be jealous of wealth.
jealousy n. 嫉妒，戒備
22. lame adj. 站不住腳的，有缺陷的 cripple
That's a lame idea.真是個糟糕的主意。
23. minute adj. 微小的(差別等)，微細的;詳細的 v.將......記錄下來
24. mission n. 使團，代表團; 使命
entertain a foreign mission 招待一個外國使團
25. motion vt. 打手勢. n.ᨀ議，動議
an urgent motion -個緊急的動議 in motion 在進行中
26. nail v. 將……釘牢，釘住;搞
定 He totally nailed the job.
他漂亮地搞定了那個工作。
hit the nail on the head.正中要害;揭露
27. negative n. 負數;(攝影)底片
28. nerve n. 勇敢，膽量 gut
have the nerves to do sth.有勇氣去做某事
29. at odds (with)(與)……不一致;差異;爭執
30. overall 以.[pl.](套頭)作服，工裝
n. 面，板;控制板，儀表盤;專門小組
judge panel 裁判團
32. proceedings n. 學報; 訴訟, 議程，回憶記錄
n.刻度，標度;天平，磅秤;比例尺;音階;魚鱗
ticated adj. 尖端的，先進的;老練的老於世故 的 sophisticate v. 弄複雜，曲解
35. specifications n. 規格，說明書，規範
ate vt. 投機,推測，思索 about/that;
they speculated in/on property 投機房地產
n. 吸管;籤 adj.一文不值的東西 draw straws 抽籤
38. stroke n. 擊，敲;報時的鐘聲;一擊，一劃，一筆;一次努力;中風;撫摸
a stroke of genius 天才之舉
He had a stroke at dinner。晚飯的時候他中風了。
n. 塞子，龍頭; v. 輕拍, 輕叩，輕敲;
adj. 嫩的;脆弱的;敏感的;溫柔的，溫的 vt.使柔軟 vi.ᨀ出，ᨀ供;投標 全國一致行動。
The president tendered his resignation. 總統遞交了他的辭呈。
the same token 由於同樣原因，同樣地
He doesn't have the proper clearance to go 他沒有去那裏的適當許可。
n. 盼望，希望;委託，信託;托拉斯(壟斷)
v.說，表達;發出(聲音) adj.徹底的，完全的
44. upset v.打翻，推翻 ;顛覆;擾 亂 upset a room 弄亂房間
ion n.變種，變異 gene variation
46. venture v.大膽表示 n.冒險事業
joint venture 合資企業 venture to do sth.冒險做某事
u.進行，開展
wage a war 發動戰爭
48. yield n. 出產，生長;產量 v 屈服，服從(to).
How much can you yield from that field?
那塊田能有多少的產量?
He never yielded during the interrogation.
他在整個審問過程中都沒有屈服。
49. chance 行.機會口.碰巧;冒險
chance doing sth.冒險做某事
I chanced to be there.我碰巧在那兒
n.水泥 vt. 鞏固
This item has cemented our friendship.
51. pool n.水池口，集資，合資
We pooled our money to build a house.
我們集資建一座房子。
52. bleed v.流血，勒索
The blackmailer bled him for$20,000.
勒索者勒索他兩萬關金。
53. bug n.小毛病口.煩擾，打擾
He always bugs me.他總是煩擾我。
adj.鈍的口.減弱，消弱
Her bad behavior blunted his interest to her.
她的壞習慣減弱了他對她的興趣。
55. context n.上下文; 環境
environment context 歷史環境
56. connection n.聯繫，關係;
personal connection 私人關係資源
57. concert n.音樂會;一起，一致.和諧
The whole nation acted in concert. 全國一致行動。
58. cite v.援引;引用;表彰或獎勵+積極信息; 指控或傳訊+消極信息
59. clearance n.清理，清除;批准，官方許可，票據
He doesn't have the proper clearance to go there。
他沒有去那裏的適當許可。
60. discount v.打折;冷漠;漠視
He discounted his expense in his plan.在他的計劃裏他忽視了花費。
61. cushion n.墊子 vt.緩衝
Welfare provides a cushion against hardship.
福利給困苦ᨀ供了一個緩解。
62. crisp n.脆的;乾淨利落的，簡明扼要的
63. cream n.精華
He is the cream of the crop.
他是這個團隊中的精英。
64. fiction n.小說，編造，虛
構 tion 分辨率 清晰度
66. drain v.排幹;耗盡;枯竭
I feel completely drained.
我感覺完全筋疲力盡。
67. drive n.駕駛;幹勁;能動性
lack drive and ambition 缺乏幹勁和雄心
68. employ n./vt.僱傭;使用
employ sb.僱傭某人 employ sth.使用某物
You employ knife, fork and spoon in eating.
你使用刀子、叉子和勺子吃飯。
er n.邊界;尖端領域，新領域，領先的
70. fossil n.化石. adj 頑固的，保守的
rk n.煙花;激情迸發;發火，發怒
v.抓，吸引……的注意
n. 總的;嚴重的;粗俗的
The court found the doctor guilty of gross.
法院發現醫生犯有嚴重的罪行。
v.孵出;思考，謀劃
n.絞鏈;折葉;關鍵
n.平均值;[pl.]手段，方法，引申 adj，卑鄙的，卑劣的(“耍手段的”)
77. lever n. 槓桿;方法，手段
n n.樣式 v.模仿，仿製
He patterned himself on a man he admired.
他模仿一個他敬仰的人。
79. particular adj.特別的;講究的，挑剔的 n.詳細說明;特別項目
be particular about 對……講究
80. overhead n.天花板;頭頂物 n.(財會)經常性的費用;房租、水電費等
um n.動力;衝量;聲勢
v.擠奶;榨取，勒索
He milk his rich aunt until she hadn't a penny left.
他將其富有的姑姑榨取得一分不剩。
83. practice n.練習;慣例，習慣; 實踐 It
is his practice/hobby to sleep late.
晚睡是他的習慣。
e n.序言，前言;前奏，……的開端
t vt.反射，反應;仔細考慮;反省
y adj，樂意地;容易地
ion n.供應，ᨀ供;條款或規定
according to the contract's provision 根據合同的條款
cial 省的，省級的;眼光狹隘的
89. province.省;範圍，領域
ty n.財產;性質，性能
Many plants have medical properties.
很多植物有藥性/醫療性能。
v. 開動，啓動;開創，創辦
start (up) the engine 啓動引擎
start a newspaper 創辦報紙
n.火花，火星 n.微妙，一點兒。，發
出火花，閃爍;激發，鼓舞
a spark of=a minute of -點兒
spark the creativity 激發創造性
n.學院，學校;學派
There are various schools on this subject.
在這個專題/課題上有很多學派。
Many mothers schooled their daughters in the myth of female inferiority.許多母親用
男尊女卑的錯誤觀念教育女兒。
action n. 滿足;賠償
If you can't get any satisfaction, complain to the park owner.
如果你得不到任何賠償，就向公園的所有者投訴。
95. sandwich n.三明治口.加入或擠入
He was sandwiched between the two powers.
他被夾在兩股權力之間。
96. sample n. 樣本，標本 v. 體驗，嘗試
sample the country life 體驗鄉村生活
v，經營，管理;競選
in the long run 從長遠來看 in the short run 從短期來
看 run for the president 競選總統
n.休息，取決於，歸因於(寫作)
rest on at least two factors 至少取決於 2 個因
素 rely on - rest on 依靠
99. principal n.小學校長;資本，資金
100. preparation.準備;製劑，製品
a preparation for cleaning metals
一種清洗金屬的製劑
101. second num.第二 vt.贊成，附和
second the proposal 贊成這項ᨀ議
h v.抓，撓，搔，起跑線 start
from scratch 從頭開始，白手起家
103. weather v. 經受，遭受，使分吹雨打 adj. 露天的 ，迎風的
Unpainted wooden furniture weathers to a grey color.
沒有上漆的木質傢俱會褪成灰色。
If you weather a difficult time or a difficult situation, you survive it and are
able to continue normally after it has passed or ended. 經受住
The company has weathered the recession.
公司度過了蕭條期。
104. institution n. 制度;習俗
I believe in the institution of marriage.
我相信婚姻制度。
105. function n. (數學) 函數;功能;責任
His function is similar to a judge. 他
的職責和法官相似。
106. disposition n. (心裏)性情;(軍事)部署，傾向; 處置
The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly in disposition.
這對孿生兄弟外貌很相像， 但性格卻相差很大。
107. might n. 權利;力量;勢力
The might of the army could prove a decisive factor.
軍隊的力量最終可能成爲一個決定性的因素。
108. discipline n. 學科;紀律;訓練;懲罰 vt. 訓練，訓導;懲戒
We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.
我們正在尋找各類學科的人才。
109. assume vt. 承擔;假定;採取;呈現 vi. 裝腔作勢;多管閒事
6He managed to assume an air of calm.
他設法表現出一幅平靜的樣子。
110. advantage n. 優勢;利益;有利條件 vi. 獲利 vt. 有利於;使處於優勢
She took advantage of him even after they were divorced.
她甚至在他們離婚以後仍然利用他。
111. preserve v. 儲備
to preserve talents 儲備人才
112. shaky adj. 搖晃的; 無根據的; 不堅定的;不可靠的
shaky evidence 站不住腳的理論
13. credit n. 信用;學分;聲望 vt. 信任;歸功於...
It would be wrong for us to take all the credit.
我們把所有的功勞都攬到自己身上就不對了。
114. element n. 自然環境，成分
The area where most refugees are waiting is exposed to the elements.
大部分難民滯留的地區暴露在風雨之中。
115. novel adj. 新穎的，異常的
Protesters found a novel way of demonstrating against steeply rising oil prices.
抗議者們找到一種新奇的示威方式來反對石油價格的飆升。
v. 考慮，權衡
At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers, and
academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight — issued new guidelines for
tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard
them with a lengthy list of possible ones. (真題 1999, Text 1, Paragraph 4)
與此同時，美國法學會——該學會由一羣法官、律師、學者所組成，他們的建議舉足輕重——
簽署了新的民事侵害法綱要，宣佈公司不必警示顧客那些顯而易見的危險，或者給顧客列出一份冗
長的可能造成的危險的清單。
117. even a. 均勻的;公平的 n. 偶數
They seemed a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their
bearing; they never referred to anything personal.
他們看起來像神職人員，儘管道行參差不齊，但舉止非常統一;他們從來不談私事。
a. 臨時的，剩餘的，奇怪的
Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern
only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information
protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety. (真題
2007, Text 4, Paragraph 1)
迄今爲止，信息保護工作一直被留給臨時的、低層次的信息技術人員承擔，並且只被看成是信
息資源豐富產業所關切的一個方面，比如銀行業、電信業以及航空旅行業，如今，信息保護則成爲
各類商業老闆議事日程中需要優先考慮的問題。
119.. weather v. 抵抗，克服
This “added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment
insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. (真題 2007, Text
3, Paragraph 2)
7這種“額外工人效應”可以支持由失業保險或殘疾保險ᨀ供的安全網，以便幫助家庭渡過難關。
[page]
n. 意見，發言權
Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science
about global warming is incomplete, that it’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air
until we know for sure. (真題 2005, Text 2, Paragraph 3)
就象吸菸問題一樣，來自不同領域的意見堅持認爲有關全球變暖的科學資料還不完整。在我們
證實這件事之前可以向大氣中不斷的排放氣體。
v. 重新開始，恢復
If they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and
either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation.
(CET-6, 1997.6, Passage 4, Paragraph1)
如果聽者沒有看他，說話人會以爲他對話題不感興趣，因此他會暫停一下，直到眼神交流恢復
或者他會結束談話。
122. spell n.一段時間
Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that
transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human
brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by
decades if not centuries. (真題 2002, Text 2, Paragraph 4)
雖然起初在 20 世紀 60 年代和 70 年代有過一段樂觀的時期，因爲在當時看來，似乎晶體管
電路和微處理器的發展將使他們在 2010 年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動，但是最近研究人員已經開始
將這個預測延後數十年，如果不是數百年的話。
123. tired 陳腐的， 陳舊的
Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the
Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.(真
題 2001, Text 5, Paragraph 2)
奇怪的是，大約兩年半的時間我寫完兩部小說後，我這個被美國人稱爲“放慢生活節奏”的試
驗，卻使我老掉牙的藉口變成了現實。
124. fault n. 毛病
Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other
academics who have questioned science’s objectivity. (真題 1998, Text 3, Paragraph 4)
格羅斯和萊維特主要挑那些質疑科學客觀性的社會學家、哲學家和其他學者的毛病。
125. practice n. 慣例，習慣，做法
Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent
elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of
giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal,
“spatial” thinking about things technological. (真題 1996, Text 4, Paragraph 2)
在諸多形成因素中，我想特別指出這個國家優異的小學教育;歡迎新技術的勞動大軍;對發明者
進行獎勵的做法;尤其是美國人在處理技術性事物所具有的非語言的空間思維才能。
126. principal n. 最重要的，主要的
The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in
the number of pupils. (CET-6, 2003.6, Passage 3, Paragraph 1)
8學校面臨的主要困難一直是學生人數的劇增。
127. tell v. 區別，分辨,識別
Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to
tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.
(CET-4, 2005.1, Passage 1, Paragraph 1)
嗓子疼、鼻子不通和渾身痠痛都會帶來痛苦，但是能夠識別其原因是普通感冒還是流感，對於
這種痛苦持續的時間長短會有着重要的意義。
128. land v. (使)靠岸(登陸、降落)
Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the
economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes,” makes it sound like a
precise science. (真題 1997, Text 5, Paragraph 1)
很多用來描述貨幣政策的詞，如“引導經濟軟着陸”，“觸動經濟剎車”，聽起來像是一門精確的科學。
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