西方就失事馬航MH17給普京最後通牒

Western leaders on Sunday night set an ultimatum for Vladimir Putin as the international outcry over the treatment of bodies from Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 led to calls for Russia to be further punished over its role in Ukraine.

西方國家領導人週日晚警告俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾•普京(Vladimir Putin)，如他不能確保國際調查人員順暢出入馬航MH17航班墜機現場，就可能對俄羅斯施加更嚴厲制裁。

During a weekend of fast-paced diplomacy, Britain, France and Germany warned the Russian president that he faced further sanctions on Tuesday unless he ensured that air accident investigators had full access to the crash site in eastern Ukraine.

英國、法國和德國領導人在週末展開密集外交後，向普京下達了上述最後通牒。MH17航班週四墜毀於烏克蘭東部後，當地親俄武裝分子對屍體的處理方式已引發國際社會的強烈不滿。

Armed separatists on Sunday stacked body bags containing up to 200 victims into three refrigerated train wagons left idle at a train station in Torez, the town nearest to the crash site. Other remains were still uncollected near the plane wreckage, lying under baking summer heat.

武裝分子週日將裝有近200具屍體的停屍袋塞進了三節開設冷氣的火車車廂中，這些車廂閒置在飛機墜毀處的Torez小鎮旁的一個火車站裏。其他屍首仍然散落在飛機殘骸中，暴曬在烈日下。

Mark Rutte, the Dutch prime minister, said he was shocked by the “disrespectful behaviour” of the rebels controlling the crash site. “In defiance of all the rules of proper investigation, people have evidently been picking through the personal and recognisable belongings of the victims. This is appalling.”

荷蘭首相馬克•呂特(Mark Rutte)表示，他對掌控墜機地區的親俄武裝分子的“不敬行爲”感到震驚。“看上去他們一直在受害者的行李中翻撿，這違反了任何調查準則，令人震驚。”

John Kerry, US secretary of state, described the reports as “really grotesque” and said it was clear that Russia “supports the separatists, supplies the separatists, encourages the separatists, trains the separatists”.

美國國務卿約翰•克里(John Kerry)稱武裝分子的行爲“十分可怕”，並表示，俄羅斯方面明顯在“支持那些分裂者，裝備他們、鼓動他們和訓練他們”。

As Russia and Ukraine still accuse each other of being behind the downing of MH17 last Thursday, killing 298 people, Mr Kerry said the evidence pointed to the plane being shot down by separatists using a SA-11 surface to air missile “transferred from Russia”.

雖然俄羅斯和烏克蘭仍在互相指責對方爲導致MH17航班墜毀的元兇，克里稱，有證據表明，是烏克蘭親俄武裝分子用“來自俄羅斯的”SA-11式地對空導彈擊落了這架航班。

“If it was the separatists, this is the inevitable outcome of giving crazy and poorly trained people very dangerous weapons,” said Samuel Charap, senior fellow for Russia and Eurasia at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in Washington. Although Mr Putin would not let the separatists be “completely crushed”, he could “rein in” some of Russia’s support, he said.

“如果的確是分裂分子（所爲），（這起事件）就是把非常危險的武器交給一幫瘋狂的、又不懂得如何正確使用它們的人的必然後果，”華盛頓國際戰略研究所(International Institute for Strategic Studies)俄羅斯問題資深研究員薩繆爾•查拉普(Samuel Charap）說。他認爲，儘管普京不願見到烏克蘭親俄武裝分子被徹底擊敗，但他可以“收斂”一些俄方對其提供的支持。

Moscow denies involvement but endured blunt criticism from European foreign ministers. Philip Hammond, UK foreign secretary, warned Russia risked becoming a “pariah state” while Frank-Walter Steinmeier of Germany said Moscow had “a final opportunity” to show it was interested in a solution.

俄羅斯否認與墜機事件有任何關聯，但歐洲多國外長對莫斯科發表了嚴厲批評。英國外交大臣菲利普•哈蒙德(Philip Hammond)警告稱，俄羅斯面臨成爲一個“國際棄兒”的風險。德國外交部長弗蘭克-沃爾特•施泰因邁爾(Frank-Walter Steinmeier)則表示，莫斯科還有“最後一個機會”來證明自己有解決問題的誠意。

In a telephone call between Mr Putin and Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany on Sunday night, the two leaders agreed that “all sides in the inner-Ukrainian conflict” should guarantee a “safe working environment” for an independent international investigation.

在週日晚的一個電話會議上，普京和德國總理安格拉•默克爾(Angela Merkel)同意，“所有烏克蘭內戰相關方”都應當努力爲獨立的國際調查人員提供“安全的工作環境”。

Although there remain deep EU divisions over sanctions, some diplomats expressed hope that the disaster would act as the “wake up call for Europe” described by Barack Obama, the US president.

儘管歐盟內部對制裁俄羅斯仍存在巨大分歧，但一些外交官員表示，這起災難或許將如美國總統巴拉克·奧巴馬(Barrack Obama)所言，“震醒歐洲”。

During calls between President François Hollande of France, Ms Merkel and British prime minister David Cameron, the three said EU foreign ministers would “draw the consequences” at a meeting on Tuesday if Mr Putin did not immediately support the recovery effort, according to the Elysee.

法國政府發言人表示，英國首相戴維•卡梅倫(David Cameron)、法國總統弗朗索瓦•奧朗德(François Hollande)和德國總理默克爾在週末的電話會議上同意，如果普京不立即對救援行動提供支持，週二的歐盟外長會議就應出臺更嚴厲的對俄製裁措施。

Ukraine’s state security service said it had evidence the separatists were trying to “hide” the black box flight recorders from MH17 and prevent them from falling into “other people’s hands”.

烏克蘭國防部門稱，有證據顯示，親俄武裝分子試圖“隱藏”MH17航班的黑匣子，以“避免它落入他人手中”。

It released what it alleged were wiretaps of conversations between a rebel leader and fighters at the crash site saying: “Moscow is interested in where the ‘black boxes’ are.” Rebel leaders deny possessing the box.

該部門提供了一段錄音，稱這是在墜機地點竊聽到的一位武裝分子頭目和下屬間的對話，其中有人說：“莫斯科對黑匣子的下落很感興趣。”但親俄武裝勢力否認持有黑匣子。