特朗普加大調門警告美國企業不要外遷生產

Donald Trump has stepped up his warnings that US companies will be punished for shifting production overseas.

唐納德.特朗普(Donald Trump)加大調門警告稱，美國企業若把生產遷到海外，將受到懲罰。

The US president-elect on Sunday reinforced a campaign pledge that he would impose a punitive 35 per cent tariff on US companies that import products from their factories abroad, a step that would roil global supply chains and meet fierce resistance from business.

上週日，這位美國當選總統重申了競選期間的一項承諾：他將對那些從自身的海外工廠進口產品的美國企業徵收稅率爲35%的懲罰性關稅。此舉將擾亂全球供應鏈，並遭到企業的強烈抵制。

In a series of early-morning tweets, he told companies considering offshoring that his plans would “make leaving financially difficult”, adding: “Please be forewarned prior to making a very expensive mistake!”

在清晨於Twitter上發佈的一連串帖子中，他告訴那些考慮生產外遷的企業，他的計劃將“讓離開變成虧本買賣”。他還表示：“預先警告你們，別犯下代價高昂的錯誤！”

China, a frequent target of Mr Trump’s barbs, is one of the top offshoring destinations for US companies, but Mike Pence, the vice president-elect, on Sunday stressed Mr Trump’s conviction that “we’ve just been losing to China far too long economically”.

頻繁遭到特朗普炮轟的中國，是美國企業最主要的生產外遷目的地之一。美國當選副總統邁克.彭斯(Mike Pence)上週日強調了特朗普的堅定看法——“我們在經濟方面輸給中國的時間太長了”。

“The American people have elected a president who, not just with regard to China, but with other countries around the world, and even in our hemisphere, [is] going to put American workers and American jobs first,” Mr Pence said on ABC television.

“美國人民選出了這樣一位總統，他不僅將在牽扯到中國時，而且將在牽扯世界其他國家乃至我們這個半球的國家時，把美國工人和美國的就業崗位擺在優先位置，”彭斯在美國廣播公司(ABC)電視節目上表示。

Big US businesses have welcomed Mr Trump’s plans to cut taxes and regulation but are dismayed by his hostile stance on free trade.

美國大企業對特朗普的減稅和放鬆監管計劃表示歡迎，但對他敵視自由貿易的立場感到沮喪。

Mr Trump left unanswered questions about how the tariffs would be implemented and whether they would apply to all imports or only those from US-owned factories overseas. It was also unclear whether they would affect existing or only new offshore production.

特朗普沒有回答的問題是，這些關稅將如何實施，以及它們到底將適用於所有進口產品、還是隻適用於自美國所有的海外工廠進口的產品。至於這些關稅到底將影響既有的海外生產、還是隻會影響新設的海外生產，也是個未知數。

His proposed tariffs would probably throw US companies’ complex international supply chains into disarray and squeeze their profits. Economists say they could also hurt the economy by pushing up the cost of goods and inflation — results that would go against Mr Trump’s goals of promoting greater household prosperity and growth.

特朗普提議的關稅很可能會讓美國企業複雜的國際供應鏈陷入混亂，並壓縮這些企業的利潤。經濟學家表示，這些關稅還會推高產品成本和通脹，從而傷害美國經濟——這種結果將與特朗普促進家庭部門繁榮和增長的目標背道而馳。