俄羅斯恢復小麥出口
Russia, once the world's third largest wheat exporter, is returning to the international grain market after a one-year gap caused by severe crop losses.
俄羅斯在去年糧食大幅度減產之後曾決定停止向國際市場出售糧食。但由於預計今年年景看好，這個世界第三大小麥出口國已經從7月1號開始恢復糧食出口。
Moscow stopped selling wheat last year after catastrophic fires and drought destroyed one-third of the country’s crop. The Kremlin banned exports to assure there would be adequate grain supplies for the domestic market, but this year's crop was better than expected, and foreign sales of Russian wheat are resuming.
由於火災和乾旱等自然災難，俄羅斯去年糧食生產減產三分之一。爲了確保國內市場穩定，克里姆林宮去年決定禁止糧食出口。但是今年年景比預計的要好，所以從七月一號開始俄羅斯恢復向國際市場供應糧食。
Andrei Sizov is an executive at SovEcon, an agricultural consulting firm in Moscow that focuses on market news from Russia and the surrounding region. He is confident that this year’s Russian harvest will result in millions of tons of surplus grain for export, but says it may be difficult for the country to regain its stature in export markets immediately.
從事俄羅斯及周邊國家農產品市場研究的莫斯科農業諮詢公司的經理斯佐夫說，在滿足了國內市場之後，俄羅斯今年可以有上千萬頓的剩餘糧食可供出口。但在另一方面，俄羅斯也可能很難立即重新成爲國際市場上舉足輕重的糧食出口大國。
"We expect that total Russia grain export will be around 15 million tons, maybe some more," said Sizov. "It will depend on demand and world prices."
他說，“我們預計俄羅斯今年的糧食出口在1500萬噸左右，也可能會更多，這取決於市場需求和國際市場的糧食價格。”
That export forecast depends on a total Russian harvest of 85-90 million tons of grain this year. Based on rainfall in May and June, meteorologists do not expect a repeat of last year’s drought conditions.
俄羅斯今年的產量預計在8900萬噸到9000萬噸之間。氣象學家根據五、六月份的降雨量推測說，今年俄羅斯不會發生去年那樣的乾旱。Yuri Khramtsov, manager of a farm in the Kursk region, expects a strong crop this year.
庫爾斯克地區一家農場的經理基拉穆索夫認爲，今年收成可能會很不錯。
Depending on the weather, he says, average Russian wheat harvests range from 3 to 4.7 tons of grain per hectare.
他說，他們認爲今年俄羅斯平均的小麥收成能在一公頃3到4.7噸之間，當然具體還要看雨水怎麼樣。
This year, Khramtsov says, favorable weather conditions will ensure his farm's yield will be over 4 tons per hectare.
而在他們這一地區，今年天公作美，收成肯定會超過一公頃4噸。
Russian officials say they intend to monitor domestic conditions closely as the country's exports increase. If prices start to rise at home, they say they have six million tons of grain in reserve to stabilize prices.
俄羅斯政府表示，在恢復出口的同時，他們將密切注視國內糧食市場的走向，一旦價格開始走高，他們將儲備600萬噸糧食用於穩定市場。
