盤點全世界最美的10大瀑布(下)

illa Falls, Peru

5.祕魯雲比亞瀑布

South America's recently discovered Yumbilla Falls is located in the remote Amazon region of northern Peru's Cuispes district. Although it currently stands at number five on our list, the waterfall's height is disputed by several officials: Peru's National Geographical Institute claims a height of 2,937 feet (895.4 meters), but other sources say it's slightly shorter at 2,854 feet (870 meters).

南美近期發現的雲比亞瀑布，位於祕魯北部古邑賽皮思地區遼闊的亞馬孫大區。雖說在我們的榜單中它名列第五，但其高度飽受爭議：祕魯國家地理研究所聲稱雲比亞瀑布高達2937英尺（895.4米），但其他資料源均稱其高度不足2854英尺（870米）。

Yumbilla Falls is a tiered waterfall with four large drops. It's classified as a horsetail flow: The falls maintain some contact with the underlying bedrock. Like a number of other falls on our list, this low-volume cascade is often affected by seasonal weather conditions. The width increases in the rainy season and narrows during drier months. Gocta Falls (an impressive pair of cascades that drop a total of 2,531 feet or 771 meters) and other prominent falls are located within a seven-mile radius of Yumbilla, and Peru's Ministry of Tourism promotes area excursions to tourists and waterfall enthusiasts. Surrounded by a lush rainforest in remote mountains, it is accessible to adventurous nature lovers who hike in on an unmarked trail with a local guide.

雲比亞瀑布由四級瀑布層疊而成，同樣被歸爲馬尾瀑布一類：水流始終保持着與水底基岩的接觸。與我們榜單上的許多瀑布一樣，這一小流量的瀑布經常受到季節性氣候條件的影響，雨季水域加寬，旱季則變窄。戈克塔瀑布以及另外一些有名的瀑布都坐落在以雲比亞瀑布爲中心，半徑7英里的區域內，祕魯旅遊局爲此向旅遊者和瀑布愛好者們大力宣傳。而這一景區地處深山之中，又有鬱鬱蔥蔥的熱帶雨林環繞，更是爲自然探險愛好者提供了一個跟隨當地導遊徒步展開一場未知旅行的絕佳機會。

'upena Falls, United States

4.美國的歐羅尤佩納瀑布

The fourth-highest waterfall in the world, Olo'upena Falls, is the second waterfall on our list found on the remote Hawaiian island of Moloka'i. The Olo'upena Falls, like Pu'uka'oku Falls (No. 8 on our list), are located on the isolated northeastern shore of the island.

世界第四高的歐羅尤佩納瀑布，是此份榜單上第二條位於夏威夷莫洛凱島上的瀑布。它同普烏卡歐庫瀑布(在我們清單位列第八的瀑布)一樣，位於小島的東北海岸上。

At 2,953 feet (900 meters), Olo'upena Falls is a tiered, ribbon-thin stream plunging over the side of one of the world's tallest seaside cliffs, Haloku Cliffs -- the same cliffs that Pu'uka'oku Falls originate from. Surrounded by huge mountains on either side, this magnificent waterfall is so remote that there are no access trails to reach it; like Pu'uka'oku Falls, it is only accessible by air or sea. The best time to view Olo'upena Falls is during the rainy season (November through March), and numerous guided boat and aerial excursions offer breathtaking views of the falls plummeting over the vertical cliff face directly into the sea.

落差高達2953英尺(即900米)的歐羅尤佩納瀑布層層疊疊，細如絲帶的水流從同爲普烏卡歐庫瀑布發源地的世界最高海濱懸崖——卡勞帕帕崖飛流直下。這位被兩側羣山簇擁的美人是如此的遙不可及，遊客們不要妄想通過任何一條小徑靠近她。同普烏卡歐庫瀑布一樣，你若想一窺歐羅尤佩納的芳容，除乘船或坐飛機觀賞外，別無他法。觀賞歐羅尤佩納瀑布美景的最佳時間是在雨季(從11月至來年3月)，每到此時，便有許許多多遊船和飛機出動，旨在爲遊客提供絕佳的觀景機會，使他們得以一覽這“虛空落泉千仞直，雷奔入海不暫歇”的震撼之作。

e Sisters Falls (Cataratas las Tres Hermanas), Peru

3.祕魯的三姐妹瀑布(又名“特雷斯·赫爾馬納斯瀑布”)

The third highest waterfall in the world is Three Sisters Falls, found in the remote Ayacucho region of Peru. The falls, also known as Cataratas las Tres Hermanas (literally meaning "Waterfalls of the Three Sisters,") rises an astonishing 3,000 feet (914 meters) and is named for the three distinctive tiers, or steps, that interrupt the flow. The top two tiers fall into a large, natural catch basin of water. The third tier, which is nearly impossible to see, emerges from the basin and falls into the Cutivireni River below.

世界第三高的三姐妹瀑布位於祕魯阿亞庫喬地區這一偏遠之地，又名“特雷斯·赫爾馬納斯瀑布”(字面上的意思就是“三姐妹瀑布”)，其落差竟達3000英尺(即914米)。它之所以被稱爲三姐妹瀑布，是因爲整個瀑布分爲三股水流傾瀉而下。其中兩排比較高的瀑布流入一個巨大的盆地，隨後幾不可察的第三排瀑布又從盆地流出，注入庫提維列尼河(the Cutivireni River)下游。

The Three Sisters Falls are surrounded by lush, tropical rainforest where trees routinely grow to 100 feet tall. The rugged area is located in the protected Parque Nacional Otishi national forest, and neighbors striking natural features in the surrounding area including the Pavirontsi Natural Bridge, the largest natural bridge in the world. The Three Sisters Falls are only visible from the air. Although there are rough trails leading to them, the area's dense vegetation makes it impossible to view the entire length of the falls from ground level.

三姐妹瀑布被蒼翠繁茂的熱帶雨林層層環繞，而這些樹木通常可高達100英尺。這一崎嶇之地位於奧蒂什國家公園中，其周圍更是奇景迭出。世界上最大的天然橋——帕維榮提斯大橋就是其中之一。你只有在空中俯瞰才能瞧見三姐妹瀑布的真容。儘管也有幾條崎嶇山路通向瀑布，但你卻無法穿透層巒聳翠的遮擋，一窺瀑布全貌。

la Falls, South Africa

2.南非的圖蓋拉瀑布

With a total height of 3,110 feet (948 meters), the five-tiered Tugela Falls in South Africa's Kwazulu Natal region is the second-highest waterfall in the world. Its tallest single drop in the five tiers is 1,350 feet (411 meters).

坐落於南非誇祖魯-納塔爾省一帶的圖蓋拉瀑布由5級組成，總落差達3,110英尺（即948米），位居世界第二。其中最大一級落差達1,350英尺（即411米）。

Tugela Falls begins at the top of an amphitheater-like mountain known as Mont Aux Sources. Except for times when rainfall is higher than normal, the flow of water over the falls is thin: The cascade averages 50 feet (15 meters) wide and has a typical volume of 50 cubic feet (1.41 cubic meters) per second. Tugela Falls is much easier to access than many of the other waterfalls on our list. It's a well-known tourist stop, and there are marked trails originating from a nearby parking lot. There are two trails to the falls that offer impressive views: One is a challenging 4-mile (6.4-kilometer) hike to the top of the mountain -- the elevation and thinner air make this a contest for the physically fit. The other path is a more level 4.3-mile walk through the Royal Natal National Park of South Africa to view the bottom of the falls.

形似競技場的蘇爾斯山是圖蓋拉瀑布的發源地。若在降雨量遠高於正常水平的時節，瀑布的水流會稍大一些，除此之外，瀑布水量都較少：水簾的平均寬度爲50英尺(即15米），水流量通常爲每秒50立方英尺（1.41立方米）。與我們榜單上的其他瀑布相比，圖蓋拉瀑布更容易到達。它儼然已成爲一個著名的旅遊景點，以其附近的一個停車場爲起點，幾條早已標識好的小徑延伸而出，特別是有兩條線路沿途佈滿了迷人的景色，讓人難以忘懷。要徒步走完這其中的一條路線可謂一個巨大的挑戰——遊客必須徒步4英里（6.4公里）才能抵達山頂——而海拔高度和稀薄的空氣使得這段旅程成了一場健康競賽。另一條路線則更長些，遊客需要步行4.3英里，穿過南非的皇家納塔爾國家公園抵達瀑布底端。站在此處擡眼望去，瀑布從山崖頂上一瀉而下的壯觀景象便盡收眼底。

l Falls, Venezuela

1.委內瑞拉的安赫爾瀑布

Angel Falls, located in the Bolivar province of Venezuela, not only claims the distinction of being the highest waterfall in the world at an astonishing 3,212 feet tall (979 meters), but it also has the single highest plunge in the world. After a short drop of about 100 feet, Angel Falls drops 2,648 feet off of a flat-topped plateau known as Auyan-Tepui ("Devil's Mountain").

安赫爾瀑布坐落於委內瑞拉的博利瓦省，它3212英尺（979米）的巨大落差令人嘖嘖稱奇，它更憑此摘得世界落差最大瀑布的桂冠，而其單級落差之大也堪稱世界之最。瀑水從平頂高原上的奧揚特普伊山(也稱“魔鬼山”）直瀉而下，跌落2,648英尺至一結晶岩平臺，接着又下跌100英尺，直至丘倫河谷地。

Angel Falls was "discovered" accidentally by an American aviator, Jimmie Angel, in 1933. Looking for the world's tallest waterfall was the last thing on Angel's mind at the time -- the bush pilot had been searching Venezuela for famed gold ore mines and happened to fly over the location. The falls were a well-known landmark, however, for the Pemón, the people native to the region. While waterfall enthusiasts may head to Angel Falls to view the drop alone, the area surrounding the falls is also noted for its particular beauty. A myriad of plants and flowers can be found near the plateau, including the orange and yellow lantana, the purple Princess Flower, the pink Mimosa and many types of orchids and bromeliads. Adding to the beauty, Angel Falls can play dramatic tricks with the local microclimate. Because of the plunge's tremendous height, gusts of wind create massive mists and spray around the plateaus, and rains mixing in with the cascading water can create extra limbs off of the falls.

1933年，美國飛行員吉米·安赫爾在一次飛行中偶然“發現”了這一瀑布。那時，找尋世界第一高瀑並非是安赫爾本意——當時這位飛行員正在苦苦尋找委內瑞拉境內著名的黃金礦山，卻正巧飛過這一帶。但對於當時該地區的原著居民培蒙人來說，安赫爾瀑布無疑是人盡皆知的地標。雖然瀑布發燒友們親臨安赫爾瀑布僅爲一睹它從高空飛瀉而下的壯觀景象，但請別忘了，瀑布周圍地區也因其獨特的美景而譽滿天下。高原附近，奼紫嫣紅開遍——橙黃的馬櫻丹花、紫色的公主花、粉紅的含羞草、各式各樣的蘭花和鳳梨花競放，煞是好看。而這些美景的存在，全仰仗於安赫爾瀑布對當地微型氣候的巨大貢獻。瀑布的雄渾氣勢，周圍的如畫美景，總使人流連忘返。由於水流下跌的巨大落差，得以形成陣陣山風，風兒揚起水霧，氤氳了整個高原；瀑水夾雜着雨水傾瀉而下，仿似又爲瀑布添了幾條支流，亦真亦假，更使眼前的一切美輪美奐，如夢似幻。

審校：落月 編輯：Lion 來源：前十網