可以幫你過濾粗話的app
According to a new Android and iOS e-reader app, the definition of "strong language" is somewhat broad. Clean Reader, developed by husband and wife team Jared and Kirsten Maughan after their teenage daughter expressed dismay over some cuss words in a book she read, is designed to keep users who hate naughty words from having to see them. Its tag line: "Read books, not profanity."
新研發出的一款同時適用於Android和iOS系統的電子閱讀應用程序對“冒犯語言”的定義比較寬泛。該應用叫Clean Reader是由賈裏德和克里斯汀•莫恩夫婦倆研發的。他們的女兒看書時被書中的髒話困擾，於是他們就設計了此應用，目的在於讓用戶避免看到那些污穢的詞語。他們的口號：“讀書，不讀污。”
How it works is that you load your ebook into the app via iTunes; you can then select one of three filter levels, from mild censorship to the full monty; and the app does a find-and-replace using a database of offensive words selected by the Maughans, replacing them with "clean" versions.
你可以通過iTunes將你的電子書加載到該應用程序，然後可以從從適度審查到全部審查的三個過濾級別中選擇一個，該程序運用查找和替換功能，藉助莫恩事先設定的一個”冒犯”詞彙數據庫，從文中找出污穢詞彙之後用文明的詞彙來代替。
For example, body parts in the genital region of women are all turned into "bottom"; the f-bomb becomes "freak"; "breast" becomes "chest", which at least is relatively analogous; "Jesus" becomes "gee" (which is actually a euphemistic corruption of "Jesus"); "Oh my God" becomes "Oh my goodness"; "whore" becomes "hussy"; "bitch" becomes "witch" (which could get somewhat confusing if the book actually discusses dogs).
例如，女性生殖器官相關的身體部位全被替換爲“下部”，f打頭的那個四字詞被替換爲“怪物”（freak），“乳房”替換爲“胸部”，至少這樣的替換還算是一個類別的；“Jesus”替換成了“gee”(這個詞其實也是委婉指耶穌的簡稱形式)，“哦,我的上帝（Oh my God）”替換成“哦我的天啊(Oh my goodness)”;“妓女”替換爲“輕佻的女子（hussy）”;“婊子”替換爲“女巫”(如果這本書是關於狗的，這樣的替換會讓人不解)。
This has the potential for some interesting mishaps; GLBT News, for instance, reports a character named "Dick" being converted to "groin." More importantly, however, authors are incensed that the app changes their work without their consent.
這種替換方式必定會引發一些讓人啼笑皆非的笑話，比如，根據GLBT新聞報道，有一本書中名叫“迪克”的角色全部被替換爲“腹股溝（groin）”。更嚴重的是，一些作家因爲此應用在未經他們同意的情況下，替換他們的作品內容而感到惱火。
As "Chocolat" author Joanne Harris pointed out on her blog, the issue is not necessarily one of vocabulary, but censorship.
《濃情巧克力》的作者喬安娜·哈里斯在她的博客上指出，這並不只是詞彙的問題，而是審查制度的問題。
"Most writers think very hard about the kind of language they use. Some of us are well-nigh obsessive about our choice of words -- and those of us who are published in theUSoften have to fight to retain our British spellings and vocabulary," she wrote. "We do this because we care about books. We care about language. And if we use profanity (which sometimes, we do) it is always for a reason."
她在博客中寫道，“大部分作家很注重語言風格的使用，一些作家對詞彙的選擇幾乎到了着迷的程度，那些在美國發表的作品，我們還得努力爭取保留書中的英式英語拼寫和詞彙。我們這樣做是因爲我們在乎我們的作品，在乎我們使用的語言，如果我們使用粗魯的詞彙（有時我們會使用），也是出於我們的特定理由。
Moreover, the censorship imposed by Clean Reader is subjective, based on a good-and-bad value judgement decided by the Maughans -- although the Clean Reader website also does ask readers to suggest words they'd like to see filtered if the app does not already do so.
此外,“清潔讀者”應用軟件所做的審查是主觀的,它僅僅基於莫恩設定的一個好壞價值評判標準——雖然清潔讀者網站希望讀者提交他們希望過濾但是該應用還沒有過濾的詞彙。
"It's clear from the list of words you consider 'profane' that this app is designed to impose a Christian agenda on books," Harris wrote in an open letter to Clean Reader. "This is insulting to non-Christians. The pejorative use of the word 'witch' as a substitute for 'bitch' is offensive to pagans, and illustrates your religious bias."
哈里斯在給“清潔讀者”的一封公開信中寫道，“從你們認定爲‘不敬’的詞彙列表中明顯能看出此應用程序是把基督教的要求強加到了書籍上。這對非基督徒是一種冒犯。把witch（女巫）這個詞用來替換貶損意味的bitch一詞，這是對異教徒的冒犯,同時也表明了你的宗教偏見。”
She also points out that, if the idea is supposed to benefit young readers, it fails dismally; calling every part of a woman's reproductive anatomy a "bottom", for example, could be very confusing to a child, and is therefore counter-productive.
她還指出，如果這個想法是爲了讓年輕讀者受益，那麼它敗得很慘。 將女性的所有的生殖器官部分都稱爲“底部”, 會使孩子非常困惑，所以這樣的做法會適得其反。
The Clean Reader team is adamant, however that the app is not only not doing anything wrong -- it is, they claim, perfectly legal, since they app does not change the epub source file, but merely how it is displayed on the screen -- but that authors who are unhappy with the alteration of their work should defer to anyone who spends money on that book, comparing the app to the optional profanity beeping on NPR podcasts.
然而，清潔讀者團隊則固執地認爲，這個應用程序不僅沒有做錯任何事情——而且是完全合法的,因爲他們的應用不會改變電子書的源文件,而僅僅是對其顯示在屏幕上的樣式做了改變，就跟NPR播客上用嗶嗶聲代替一些不雅詞彙一樣。他們還指出，那些對改變自己作品不滿意的作家應尊重花錢購買自己作品的讀者。
"Some people like the impact certain words have on the narrative, dialogue, or setting of a book. Other people are indifferent to it. And some are offended by it... Yes the author/artist felt specific swear words worked best for their work of art, but for some of their audience these same words are what detract from the book," the Clean Reader team wrote on its blog.
清潔讀者團隊在博客上寫道：”有些人喜歡某些詞語對故事,對話,或故事背景產生的影響，但其他人並不在意，還有一些人因此受到冒犯……確實一些作家/藝術家認爲特定的髒話可以對作品產生最好的效果，但對於他們的一些讀者來說，這些詞語會使作品失色。”
"So will some authors be offended that some of their consumers use Clean Reader to pick out most of the profanity in their books? Perhaps. Should the reader feel bad about it? Nope. They've paid good money for the book, they can consume it how they want."
“所以一些作家會因爲讀者購買使用“清潔讀者”應用把他們作品中大部分粗魯的詞彙挑出來而生氣嗎?也許吧，讀者應該對此有愧疚感嗎?不。他們已經花錢購買了這本書籍,他們就可以按自己喜歡的方式使用它。"
The good news for authors is that the money users pay for these ebooks is no longer going to Clean Reader. Inktera, the platform through which Clean Reader was selling ebooks (and making a percentage of sales), has withdrawn from the app.
對作家們來說，好消息是清潔讀者應用不會拿到讀者購買電子書的一分錢，“清潔讀者”用以出售電子書的Inktera平臺對其下架。
Sci-fi author Chuck Wendig also had this to say to readers who would prefer to read a censored version of his work:
科幻作家查克·溫迪科對那些喜歡讀過濾版作品的讀者有話說。
"You may say, 'But I want to read your books, just without all that nasty business.' To which I say, 'then I don't want you reading my books. Nothing personal, but I wrote the thing the way I wrote the thing. If that troubles you, then I don't want you reading it.'"
“有人可能會說,‘我想讀你的作品，但是不想要那些粗俗語言’，對此我的回答是“那我不想讓你讀我的書。不是針對任何人,我只是按我的方式寫我的書。如果你覺得這樣會冒犯你,那麼我希望你不要讀它。”
Vocabulary
dismay：使驚愕
cuss：粗話
profanity：褻瀆
full monty：一整套
pagan：非基督教徒
adamant：堅決的
