雅思考生常犯的語法錯誤

雅思寫作和口語的評分標準中涉及到了語法的準確性，所以特別提醒廣大考生一定要注意總結自己常犯的語法錯誤，避免扣分。下文中主要爲大家帶來雅思考生常犯的語法錯誤，大家可以進行參考學習。

雅思官方有關口語評分標準中談到：“口語練習的時候要錄音，重放錄音檢查自己的語法錯誤，建議考生注意動詞和時態的用法。如果語法錯誤嚴重影響溝通理解的話，就可能會導致扣分。”

雅思寫作的評分標準中也談到考官將根據語法錯誤的程度酌情扣分，建議考生寫完作文之後一定要抽出時間檢查並修改錯誤，糾正這些錯誤將會幫助你提升成績。

本文將主要從詞彙語法錯誤、句式語法錯誤等總結分析。

詞彙語法錯誤

01、冠詞使用錯誤

a.不定冠詞：a/an

例句：I want to eat apple.

應改成：I want to eat an apple.

b.定冠詞：the

例句：I was born in the Shanghai.

應改成：I was born in Shanghai.

一些由考生誤以爲“獨一無二的事物前面都要加the”，不知道Shanghai，China，人名這類不由普通名詞組成的專有名詞前通常不加the。

注：定冠詞“the”的使用規定有很多種情形，建議考生可以專門攻克一下。

c.不使用冠詞

例句：Play the football

應改成：Play football

類似情形有：Have lunch, Go home, By car等都不使用冠詞。

02、名詞單複數錯誤

a.有一些詞或者短語後面一般要加可數名詞的複數，如“a few, few, a variety of, various, other, numerous等。

例句：Smoking cessation is one of the likely factor that contribute to the development of obesity.

應改成：Smoking cessation is one of the likely factors that contribute to the development of obesity.

b.有一些詞後面一般要加可數名詞的單數，如“any other, another, each, neither, either”。

例句：Many teenagers begin smoking habits due to peer pressure but not for any other reasons.

應改成：Many teenagers begin smoking habits due to peer pressure but not for any other reason.

c.有一些詞或者短語後面一般要加不可數名詞，如“a little, little, less, much, enormous, a large amount of ”。

例句：Little progresses have been made towards tackling poverty.

應改成：Little progress has been made towards tackling poverty.

03、及物動詞的使用錯誤

a.及物動詞後一定要加名詞或者名詞性質的成分作賓語，構成主語+謂語動詞+賓語的基本句型;否則就是錯誤的。

例句：I will discuss in some detail.

應改成：I will discuss this topic in detail.

b.有一些及物動詞後面跟賓語和賓語補足語，構成主語+謂語動詞+賓語+賓語補足語的基本句型，如“make,see,have,let”，這些詞後面跟的動詞常用不加“to”的動詞不定式。

例句：Education can let young people to find jobs easily after they finish their education.

應改成：Education can let young people find jobs easily after they finish their education.

04、介詞的語法錯誤

a.介詞不是連詞，一般後面只接名詞或者具備名詞性質的短語或者帶連詞的賓語從句。比較容易被當做連詞的介詞有“despite,in spite of,during,because of,due to”，也不能加動詞。

例句：Many children depend on their parents give support.

應改成：Many children depend on their parents’ support.

b.“to”在某些情況下(如詞組“give rise to, contribute to, pay attention to, conform to, lead to”)作介詞，需要加名詞或者具備名詞性質的東西充當賓語，而不是加動詞原形充當不定式。

例句：There are many solutions to deal with the problem.

應改成：There are many solutions to the problem.

05、連詞的使用錯誤

a.一般來說，兩個連詞不能同時用在句子中，典型的例子有：“because”和“so”, “although”和“but”。

例句：Although the crime rate is falling in many parts of the world, but violent crimes are constantly rampant.

應改成：Although the crime rate is falling in many parts of the world, violent crimes are constantly rampant.

b.多於一個的名詞、動詞、形容詞等出現的時候，需要使用並列連詞“and,but”或者“or”。

例句：Smoking, drinking are banned in many places of work.

應改成：Smoking and drinking are banned in many places of work.

06、情態動詞使用錯誤

有時過度重視時態，忽略了情態動詞後面加動詞要原形的原則。

例句：I thought the reason why I chose to study that subject was I could got a betterjob after learning that

應改成：I thought the reason why I chose to study that subjectwas I could get a better job after learning that.

07、代詞單複數錯誤

使用代詞要看所指代的名詞的單複數，根據名詞單複數使用相應的代詞。

例句：Some parents do not obey traffic rules himself.

應改成：Some parents do not obey traffic rules themselves.

08、詞性使用錯誤

修飾形容詞或者動詞應該用副詞。

例句：Intelligent students should not be treated different by their teachers.

應改成：Intelligent students should not be treated differently by their teachers.

句子語法錯誤

01、主謂不一致

a.在英文中，你我、TA的動詞形式不同。應是：I do; you do; she does; he does; it does.

例句： When one have money, he can do what he want to

應改爲：Once one has money, he can do what he wants (to do).

b.動名詞和不定式作主語的時候謂語動詞一定是單數。

例句：Raising standards of literacy are the government’s priority.

應改爲：Raising standards of literacy is the government’s priority.

c.不可數名詞作主語的時候謂語動詞一定是單數;如果主語是“…of…”的詞組，謂語的數需要和“of”之前的名詞保持一致。

例句：The adequacy of financial resources are crucial to the operation of a not-for-profit organisation.

應改爲：The adequacy of financial resources is crucial to the operation of a not-for-profit organisation.

d.當主語後跟着“with, together with, coupled with, combined with, as well as, like”的時候，謂語動詞跟隨主語變化。

例句：Overworking, coupled with poor diet, lead to physical degeneration.

應改爲：Overworking, coupled with poor diet, leads to physical degeneration.

e.“there be”句型中謂語動詞的數隨着其後面的名詞改變。

例句：There is a number of countries which perform poorly in containing pollution.

應改爲：There are a number of countries which perform poorly in containing pollution.

02、句子不完整

完整的句子是什麼?一個主語+一個謂語已經可以構成最簡單的完整句子。缺主語，或缺謂語，不能構成一個完整的句子。常犯的語法錯誤情形如下：

a.缺謂語

例句：The society developing rapidly.

應改成：The society develops rapidly.或The society is developing rapidly.

b.出現兩個或兩個以上主謂結構，一個句子有且只能有一個主謂結構。

例句：I do, he does not.

應改成：I do, but he does not.或I do. He does not.

c.缺表語

例句：The most popular kind of transport was by road.

應改成：The most popular kind of transport was road.

03、忽視平行結構

我們常用逗號，或連接詞如：and，not only…but also…來連接兩邊平行的一些單詞或句子。此時逗號及連接詞左右兩邊連接的內容，需要形式平行，如名詞和名詞平行，形容詞與形容詞平行，動詞與動詞平行。

例如：

a.Expensive handmade items are creative and artistic.

此處，creative和artistic都是形容詞，是正確的平行結構。

b.Working out and taking a rest are the best ways to maintain health.

此處working out和taking a rest是動名詞做主語，形式一致，是正確的平行結構。而同學們常犯的錯誤是：working out and take a rest…此處結構就出現了錯誤。

c.The media gives us information and tells us the truth.

此處gives,tells結構一致，保持平行。常見錯誤寫法：the media gives us information and telling us the truth.

04、雙謂語錯句

a.There be句型屬於雙謂語錯句高發句型，因爲句中的be動詞已經是謂語，而句子後面的動詞通常是定語從句中的成分，故不能作爲主句中的謂語。

例句：There are many people agree tokeep pets at home.

應改成：There are many people who agree tokeep pets at home.

例句：There have many wildanimals in my country

應改成：There are many wild animals in my country.

b.整個句子做主語。

例句：Environmental pollution is becoming more serious is an undeniable fact.

應改爲：It is an undeniable fact that environmentalpollution is becoming more serious.

c.動詞做主語。

例句：Do part-time jobs helps students to relieve their financial burden.

應改成：Doing part-time jobs helps students torelieve their financial burden.

05、定語從句的使用錯誤

a.定語從句缺乏謂語動詞

例句：Those who overweight or indulge in unhealthy diets are candidates for heart attacks.

應改成：Those who are overweight or indulge in unhealthy diets are candidates for heart attacks.

b.定語從句中動詞的數應該和先行詞的人稱保持一致。

例句：The elderly, who is normally incapable of looking after themselves, need time and compassion from their family.

應改成：The elderly, who are normally incapable of looking after themselves, need time and compassion from their family.

06、主系表結構使用錯誤

例句： We are impossible to make any progress without correcting the mistakes.

應改成：It is impossible for us to make any progress without correcting the mistakes.

07、時態錯誤

時態錯誤：一般現在時和過去時

例句：Last year，I go to Australia to take a summer program.

應改成：Last year，I went to Australia to take a summer program.

08、不間斷句子

例句：There are many ways we get to know the outside world.

應改爲：There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.

其他語法錯誤

01、標點符號用錯

例句： As far as I am concerned，people should take exercise and relax themselves on a weekly basis. Because it offers great opportunities to release their stress.

剖析：Because引導的句子做原因狀語從句，既然是從句，那麼前面就不應該使用句號使其獨立成句，而應該改成逗號，because首字母小寫。

應改成： As far as I am concerned，people should take exercise and relax themselves on a weekly basis, because it offers great opportunities to release their stress.

02、修飾語錯位

同一個修飾語置於句子不同的位置，句子的含義可能引起變化。

例句：I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside thecampus.

應改成：I believe I can do it well and I will know the world outside thecampus better.

03、措辭錯誤

例句：The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.

分析：顯然，考生把obstacles“障礙”，“障礙物”誤作substance“物質”了。另外“the increasing use(不斷增加的使用)”應改爲“abusive use(濫用)”。

應改爲：The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leadsto pollution.

以上就是爲大家帶來的雅思考生常犯的語法錯誤，大家一定要是深入掌握，提升自己雅思語法學習的能力。更多關於雅思語法學習技巧，盡在滬江網，趕快關注吧。