漂亮也是罪:女生該不該在簡歷上貼照片?
At work, as in life, attractive women get a lot of the breaks. Studies have shown that they are more likely to be promoted than their plain-Jane colleagues. Because people tend to project positive traits onto them, such as sensitivity and poise, they may also be at an advantage in job interviews. The only downside to hotness is having to fend off ghastly male colleagues; or so many people think. But research by two Israelis suggests otherwise。
工作中，就像在生活中一樣，美女總會得到很多優待。有研究指出，美女比起相貌平平的女同事來更容易獲得晉升，因爲人們傾向於把漂亮的外貌和良好的特質聯繫起來，比如做事細心、善於平衡等。漂亮的女性在面試中也會更具有優勢。美貌所帶來的唯一的負面影響可能是美女要防止殷勤的男同事的騷擾。以上這些觀點都是人們的普遍看法，而兩位以色列的研究者在調查中卻得出了相反的結論。
Bradley Ruffle at Ben-Gurion University and Ze'ev Shtudiner at Ariel University Centre looked at what happens when job hunters include photos with their curricula vitae, as is the norm in much of Europe and Asia. The pair sent fictional applications to over 2,500 real-life vacancies. For each job, they sent two very similar résumés, one with a photo, one without. Subjects had previously been graded for their attractiveness。
本古里昂大學的Bradley Ruffle和艾瑞兒中心大學的Ze'ev Shtudiner對求職簡歷中附照片的做法進行了調查研究。在歐洲和亞洲國家，簡歷中附照片是一種慣例。兩位研究者給2500個空缺崗位投遞了虛構的簡歷。每一個崗位都投遞了兩份不同的簡歷，一份附上了照片，一份沒有。照片在投遞之前已經按照吸引力程度做了分級。
For men, the results were as expected. Hunks were more likely to be called for an interview if they included a photo. However, for women this was reversed. Attractive females were less likely to be offered an interview if they included a mugshot. When applying directly to a company (rather than through an agency) an attractive woman would need to send out 11 CVs on average before getting an interview; an equally qualified plain one just seven。
對於男性而言，試驗結果在預料之中，帥哥如果在簡歷中附上照片則更容易獲得面試機會。但對於女性而言，結果正相反。如果美女在簡歷中附上照片，獲得面試的機會就會減少。在直接嚮應聘公司投遞的簡歷中(不包括通過求職中介)，附上照片的話，美女平均要投遞11份簡歷纔會獲得一次面試機會，而長相平平的女性只要投遞7份簡歷。
At first, Mr Ruffle considered what he calls the "dumb-blonde hypothesis"—that people assume beautiful women to be stupid. However, the photos had also been rated on how intelligent people thought each subject looked; there was no correlation between perceived intellect and pulchritude。
一開始，研究者Ruffle把該結果歸因於“美女是笨蛋”的理論，他自己提出的這個理論假設美女都是笨蛋。不過，兩人事先也對照片看上去的聰明程度進行了評級。結果顯示，美貌程度與聰明與否並沒有直接聯繫。
So the cause of the discrimination must lie elsewhere. Human resources departments tend to be staffed mostly by women. Indeed, in the Israeli study, 93% of those tasked with selecting whom to invite for an interview were female. The researchers' unavoidable—and unpalatable—conclusion is that old-fashioned jealousy led the women to discriminate against pretty candidates。
那麼，對美女產生偏見的原因肯定是其他方面。人力資源部門的職員大多數都是女性，這一點在該調查中也得到了證實，93%負責篩選簡歷確定面試的都是女性。於是，研究者不可避免地把原因歸咎於老掉牙的“嫉妒”理論，女人嫉妒女人，所以美女在簡歷中附照片後會遭遇歧視。
So should attractive women simply attach photos that make them look dowdy? No. Better, says Mr Ruffle, to discourage the practice of including a photo altogether. Companies might even consider the anonymous model used in the Belgian public sector, where CVs do not even include the candidate's name。
那麼，美女難道要在簡歷中放一張形象邋遢的照片嗎？不是，更好的辦法是不要在簡歷中附照片。公司可以考慮用匿名方式篩選簡歷，就像比利時公共部門招聘時所採取的方式，把照片隱藏起來，甚至連名字也是屏蔽掉的。
