研究表明,喝咖啡或延年益壽

A new study provides more good news for coffee lovers. Drinking coffee is associated with a lower risk of early death - virtually regardless of how much you drink and whether or not it's caffeinated, concludes a paper published Monday in JAMA Internal Medicine.

一項新研究爲咖啡愛好者帶來了好消息。喝咖啡與更低的早死率風險相關--不管你喝多少，也不管是否含有咖啡因，週一發表於JAMA Internal Medicine期刊的一篇文章總結道。

"We observed an inverse association for coffee drinking with mortality, including among participants who reported drinking at least one cup per day, up to eight or more cups per day, as well as those drinking filtered, instant and decaffeinated coffee," said Dr. Erikka Loftfield, the study's lead investigator and a research fellow at the National Cancer Institute, in an email to TIME.

"我們觀察到喝咖啡與死亡率呈負相關，包括那些稱自己每天至少喝1杯，最多喝8杯或更多杯的受試者，也包括喝那過濾咖啡、速溶咖啡和不含咖啡因的咖啡的受試者，"該研究的首席研究員、國家癌症研究所的研究員Erikka Loftfield博士在寫給《時代》雜誌的郵件中說道。

The researchers used data from the UK Biobank study, through which a large group of UK adults completed health questionnaires, underwent physical examinations and provided biological samples. For the current study, the researchers analyzed information provided by about 500,000 people, who answered questions about their coffee consumption, smoking and drinking habits, health history and more. During the study's 10-year follow-up period, around 14,200 of those people died.

研究人員使用英國生物銀行（UK Biobank）研究的數據，一大批英國成年人在研究中完成了健康問卷調查、做了體檢、並提供了生物樣本。對於目前的研究，研究人員分析了大約50萬人提供的信息，他們回答了有關喝咖啡、吸菸和飲酒習慣、健康史等方面的問題。後續研究進行了10年，在這段時間內，約有14200人死亡。

The researchers found longevity benefits associated with nearly every level and type of coffee consumption. Risk reduction varied slightly depending on how much coffee someone consumed, its caffeine content and whether it was instant or ground. But overall, relative to non-drinkers, those who drank one cup of coffee per day had an 8% lower risk of premature death - a rate that rose slightly as consumption increased, peaking at 16% for those drinking six to seven daily cups, before dipping slightly, to 14%, for those having eight or more cups each day.

研究人員發現，幾乎每種水平和類型的咖啡攝入都與長壽益處相關。基於人們喝咖啡的量、含咖啡因的程度、是速溶咖啡還是研磨咖啡，風險降低的程度略有不同。但總體而言，相比不喝咖啡的人，那些每天喝一杯咖啡的人過早死亡的風險降低了8%--隨着喝咖啡的量的增加，這一比率略有上升，對於那些每天喝六至七杯的人而言，這一比例達到16%，對於那些每天喝八杯或更多杯的人而言，比例略有降低，爲14%。

The speed at which a person metabolized caffeine didn't seem to affect longevity, despite prior research that suggested coffee consumption might be related to increased risks of high blood pressure and heart attack among people who metabolize caffeine slowly. But those studies only looked at coffee drinking after disease occurrence and did not examine overall mortality risk, as the current paper did, Loftfield said.

人們代謝咖啡因的速度似乎對壽命沒有影響，儘管先前的研究表明，對於代謝咖啡因慢的人而言，喝咖啡與患高血壓和心臟病的風險增加有關。但Loftfield說，這些研究只關注發病後喝咖啡的情況，並沒有查看整體的死亡風險，沒有做到當前文章所做的事情。