好萊塢賣座電影背後的女電影人
The latest study on gender equality in Hollywood found that last year, women accounted for 9 percent of the directors of the 250 top-grossing domestic films. This might not sound great, but it’s an improvement over 2014, when women made up just 7 percent of directors for those films. The 2015 result put women on par with the level achieved in 1998.
關於好萊塢性別平等的最新調查發現，去年票房最高的250部美國影片中有9%出自女導演之手。這聽起來也許沒什麼了不起的，但是與2014年時僅佔7%相比有所提高。2015年的比例與1998年的差不多。
Compiled by San Diego State University and now in its 18th year, “The Celluloid Ceiling” report comes a month after the Directors Guild of America, deflecting the A.C.L.U.’s claim that the organization did not sufficiently back women directors, released its own similarly bleak figures. The guild found that in 2013 and 2014, women accounted for 6.4 percent of directors, figures it drew from features produced by companies that were signatories to its collective bargaining agreement. The guild also released findings showing which studios had hired no female or minority directors in those years.
今年是聖迭戈州立大學(San Diego State University)第18年發佈“電影最高值”報告(The Celluloid Ceiling)。該報告發布前一個月，美國導演協會(Directors Guild of America)公佈了類似的慘淡數據，駁斥美國公民自由聯盟(ACLU)認爲該組織不夠支持女性導演的指責。該協會發現，2013年和2014年，女性導演的比例爲6.4%，這個數字所依據的是該協會集體談判協議簽署公司出品的正片。該協會還公佈了哪些電影公司在那兩年裏沒有僱傭女性導演或少數族裔導演。
“The Celluloid Ceiling” used data from all top-grossing films and included documentaries and animated features. “Pitch Perfect 2,” with Elizabeth Banks at the helm, was the highest-ranking film directed by a woman; with $184 million at the North American box office, it ranked No. 12 for the year, according to .
“電影最高值”報告所依據的是所有高票房電影的數據，包括紀錄片和動畫正片。伊麗莎白·班克斯(Elizabeth Banks)執導的《完美音調2》(Pitch Perfect 2)是女性執導的票房最高的電影。據的數據，該片的北美票房爲1.84億美元，在本年度票房排行榜上排名第12位。
In terms of behind-the-scenes female employment, researchers found women accounted for 26 percent of producers, 22 percent of editors, 20 percent of executive producers, 11 percent of writers and 6 percent of cinematographers in 2015. The report also delved into data drawn from the top 100 as well as the top 500 grossing films, and reiterated earlier findings that films with at least one female director led to higher numbers of women being employed behind the scenes.
調查者們還發現，在幕後女性工作人員方面，2015年，26%的製片人、22%的編輯、20%的執行製片人、11%的編劇，以及6%的電影攝影師爲女性。該報告還深入研究票房排名前100和前500的電影的數據，再次反映出此前就已經發現的一種情況：至少有一位女性導演參與的影片往往會僱傭更多女性幕後工作人員。
