中國將向外企進一步開放政府採購市場

China said it would agree to open more of its vast government market to foreign firms as part of a decadelong bid to join a global pact on government purchases, which could ultimately benefit Chinese companies too.

中國表示，將同意向外國公司進一步開放規模巨大的政府採購市場。這是中國10年來爭取加入《全球政府採購協議》(Government Procurement Agreement)所做努力的一部分，而加入這個協議最終也有利於中國國內企業。

As part of the annual U.S.-China Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade, China's vice minister of Commerce, Wang Chao said that Beijing sought to 'accelerate negotiations' on what is formally called the Government Procurement Agreement. Beijing would agree to terms that are 'basically the same of other participating nations,' Mr. Wang said in a press conference at the end of the two-day session.

中國商務部副部長王超表示，作爲美中商業貿易聯合委員會(U.S.-China Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade, 簡稱：美中商貿聯委會)年會議程的一部分，中國已尋求加快《全球政府採購協議》方面的磋商。他在兩天期會議結束時的新聞發佈會上說，中國將接受與其他協議國基本一致的條款。

He didn't provide further details of the offer which he said would be made next year. U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman said that 'we look forward to seeing that offer and seeing if there is a basis on which to consider accession to the GPA.'

他沒有進一步給出他所說的中國明年將提出方案的細節。美國貿易代表邁克爾•弗羅曼(Michael Froman)表示，我們希望看到中國的方案，看看其中是否具備考慮接納中國加入《全球政府採購協議》的基礎條件。

The U.S. Trade Representative, citing the Chinese Ministry of Finance, estimates government procurement for 2011 was at least $180 billion.

弗羅曼援引中國財政部的數據估計，2011年，中國政府採購市場的規模不低於1,800億美元。

China has said for years it will join the World Trade Organization's GPA, which assures that nations don't discriminate against foreign companies in government bids. Unlike other WTO deals, the GPA doesn't set rules that all WTO members need to follow. Instead, the 15 members of the GPA make commitments of various kinds to open their government bidding processes and those commitments apply to other GPA members.

多年來，中國一直表示將加入世界貿易組織(World Trade Organization, 簡稱WTO)的《全球政府採購協議》，加入這一協議的國家必須確保在政府採購項目招標時不對外國公司採取歧視的態度。與WTO的其他協議不同，《全球政府採購協議》沒有針對所有WTO成員國制定統一的規則。該協議當前的15個協議國就公開政府招標過程作出了不盡相同的承諾，而這些承諾同時也適用於其他協議國。

Countries that want to join the pact make offers and the GPA members judge whether the offer is sufficient to join.

那些希望加入《全球政府採購協議》的國家需要提出自己加入該協議的方案，並由現有的協議國判斷方案是否滿足加入條件。

Since 2001, China has made offers that have been judged by the U.S. and European Union as inadequate. They want Beijing to include purchases by local governments and state-owned enterprises. It wasn't clear from Mr. Wang's statement how broad China's offer would be.

自2001年以來，中國已經爲申請加入《政府採購協議》提出過多份方案，但被美國和歐盟(European Union)認爲不夠充分。歐美希望中國提出的方案能涵蓋地方政府和國有企業採購。王超的講話並未說明中國所作承諾的範圍有多大。

In the JCCT talks, China pushed for greater exports of high-tech goods from the U.S. and sought to clear the way for Chinese investment, Chinese and U.S. officials said. If China were a GPA member, its companies could have an easier time bidding for U.S. and state government contracts.

中美官員表示，在美中商貿聯委會的談判中，中國希望美國擴大高科技產品的出口，並希望爲中國在美國的投資鋪平道路。如果中國成爲《政府採購協議》的成員國，那麼中資企業競標美國聯邦和州政府的採購合同時會更加方便。

The JCCT focuses on a variety of technical issues, including intellectual property protection, export rules and specific trade disputes. On Friday, for instance, China announced that it had blocked the import of 545,000 metric tons of U.S. corn so far in cargoes that contained MIR162, an insect-resistant strain of the grain that is permitted in the U.S., Japan and Europe but not approved by China's agriculture ministry. That issue became a subject of discussion at the talks.

美中商貿聯委會主要討論各種技術問題，包括知識產權保護、出口規則和具體貿易爭端。比如中國週五宣佈今年截至目前已經阻止54.5萬噸美國玉米的進口，因這些玉米含有轉基因成分MIR-162。MIR162是一種抗蟲害基因，在美國、日本和歐洲都允許使用，但尚未獲得中國農業部批准。這一問題也成了美中商貿聯委會討論的話題。

Chinese Vice Agriculture Minister Niu Dun said the corn was rejected 'because safety assessment procedures for export of GMO corn weren't completed,' using the term for genetically modified organisms. Mr. Froman called the matter an 'area of continuing work,' but didn't say whether any progress had been made.

中國農業部副部長牛盾表示，這些玉米之所以被拒絕進口是因爲沒有完成美國轉基因玉米出口的安全評估程序。弗羅曼稱將美方將在這一問題上“繼續努力”，但沒有說明是否取得了進展。

U.S. Commerce Secretary Penny Pritzker said in an interview that one of the most important aspects of the session was for U.S. cabinet officials to get to better know Vice Premier Wang Yang, who headed the talks for the Chinese, so they can defuse trade and investment problems when they arise.

美國商務部長普利茨克(Penny Pritzker)在接受採訪時稱，對美國內閣官員來說，本次美中商貿聯委會會議最重要的問題之一就是更好地瞭解中方會談代表、國務院副總理汪洋，這樣在出現貿易和投資問題時雙方可以及時化解。

The meeting comes a month after a Communist Party policy conference, known as the Third Plenum, that issued a broad agenda for economic reform. The U.S. officials cited the document regularly in their arguments that China ought to make policy changes sought by Washington.

就在此次美中商貿聯委會會議召開前一個月，中共十八屆三中全會公佈了範圍廣泛的改革方略。美國官員在闡述自己的觀點時經常引用這份文件來說明中國應該做出美國所希望的政策變革。

Mr. Wang 'was joking with us that maybe we knew the Third Plenum better than he did,' said Ms. Pritzker. 'We were quoting from it.'

普利茨克稱，汪洋與我們開玩笑說，美方可能比他更瞭解三中全會，因爲美方常常會引述其中的內容。