澳大利亞與中國達成網絡安全協議

Australia has agreed a cyber security pact with Beijing under which both countries have pledged not to conduct or support the theft of intellectual property or trade secrets from each other.

澳大利亞已與中國達成一項網絡安全協議。根據這項協議，兩國均承諾不會從事或支持竊取對方知識產權或商業祕密的行爲。

The agreement follows a specific request made by Malcolm Turnbull, Australia’s prime minister, to Chinese Premier Li Keqiang during his state visit to Australia last month, and reflects growing concern in the west about state-sponsored hacking and cyber crime.

這項協議是在澳總理馬爾科姆?特恩布爾(Malcolm Turnbull)於中國總理李克強上月正式訪澳期間向李提出一項特別請求後出爐的，它反映出西方日益擔心由國家支持的網絡攻擊和網絡犯罪。

“Australia and China agreed that neither country would conduct or support cyber-enabled theft of intellectual property, trade secrets or confidential business information with the intent of obtaining competitive advantage,” the Australian government said in a statement on Monday.

週一，澳大利亞政府在一份聲明中表示：“澳大利亞與中國一致同意，兩國都不會從事或支持藉助網絡展開的、意在獲取競爭優勢的、竊取知識產權、商業祕密或機密商業信息的行爲。”

Canberra has stepped up its focus on cyber crime and espionage following its admission last year that government networks had in 2015 suffered a state-sponsored cyber attack that initially targeted the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. In January Mr Turnbull warned that Russia’s interference in the US election through hacking was of “great concern”.

去年，堪培拉方面承認，2015年澳政府網絡曾遭遇由國家支持的網絡攻擊，攻擊最初以澳大利亞氣象局(Australian Bureau of Meteorology)爲目標。在那之後，堪培拉方面加大了對網絡犯罪和間諜活動的關注。今年1月，特恩布爾警告稱，俄羅斯通過網絡攻擊干預美國大選令人“極爲關切”。

Peter Jennings, director of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, said he had “no doubt whatsoever that the Chinese were responsible for the meteorology bureau attack”.

澳大利亞戰略政策研究所(Australian Strategic Policy Institute)所長彼得?詹寧斯(Peter Jennings)表示，他“毫不懷疑中國人應對氣象局遭受攻擊負責”。

He said the bilateral agreement made sense as China was the largest source of cyber espionage for Australia to consider. But he warned Canberra should be under no illusion that Beijing would continue to target Australian interests.

他說，這項雙邊協議是有意義的，因爲中國是澳要考慮的最大間諜活動來源。不過，他警告稱，北京方面會繼續把澳大利亞的利益當作目標，堪培拉方面在這一點上不應抱有幻想。

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Tim Wellsmore, director of threat intelligence at global cyber security group FireEye, said the Australia-China pact looked similar to an agreement between US and China signed in 2015.

全球網絡安全集團FireEye的網絡威脅情報部門主任蒂姆?韋爾斯莫爾(Tim Wellsmore)表示，這項澳中協議看上去與2015年美國與中國簽署的一項協議類似。

“It focuses on the theft of intellectual property and business-related issues but not espionage or political-inspired hacking,” he said.

“它關注的是竊取知識產權和商業相關問題，而不是間諜活動或有政治動機的網絡攻擊，”韋爾斯莫爾說。

A report by FireEye last year concluded there had been a notable decline in China-based groups’ overall intrusion activity against entities in the US since mid-2014. It said the shift in operations reflected the influence of military reforms in China, widespread exposure of Chinese cyber operations and actions taken by the US government.

FireEye去年發佈的一份報告得出結論稱，自2014年年中以來，以中國爲基地的組織對在美實體發起的入侵活動總體上顯著減少。該報告稱，這一行動上的轉變反映出中國軍事改革、中國網絡行動遭廣泛曝光以及美國政府所採取的行動帶來的影響。