10個臭名昭著的間諜(下)

Rosenbergs gave atomic secrets to the Soviets

6.羅森博格夫婦：向前蘇聯傳遞核武器情報

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were part of a spy ring that funneled vital US atomic information to the Soviets, who were racing to build a bomb of their own in the 1940s. The couple was also able to turn Ethel's brother David Greenglass, who was working on the Manhattan Project. The secrets they revealed were said to have sped up the progress of the Soviet arms race by several years. The Rosenbergs, along with co-conspirator Morton Sobell, were tried and convicted of espionage on March 29, 1951, and sentenced to death. (Sobell served 17 years, and Greenglass made a deal to testify against his sister to save his wife.)

20世紀40年代，蘇聯與美國展開軍備競賽，朱利葉斯·羅森伯格和埃塞爾·羅森伯格是負責向前蘇聯傳遞美國核武器情報的衆多間諜之一。埃塞爾的弟弟大衛·格林格拉斯軍官是曼哈頓工程的成員，羅森伯格夫婦成功招募了他。據說，他們竊取的核武器情報使蘇聯的軍備競賽進程加速了好幾年。羅森伯格夫婦和他們的同夥莫頓·索貝爾於1951年3月29日被審判並判以間諜罪。羅森伯格夫婦被判以死刑。（索貝爾被判以17年刑期，格林格拉斯爲了救自己的妻子，出庭指證了自己的姐姐。）

Pujol tricked Hitler about the D-Day invasion

7.約翰·會：給希特勒佈下諾曼底登陸的謊言

A Spanish farmer, Juan Pujol, was perhaps the greatest double agent ever. He had a passionate hatred for Adolph Hitler, but since Spain was neutral in World War II, he had no direct way to fight the Nazis. That's when he dreamed up a scheme to visit Germany and convince the Nazis to take him on as a spy, and then turn over any information to the Allies. Pujol's ploy was a success — both sides eventually recruited him. One of his most significant contributions was with D-Day. He worked in tandem with the MI5 to convince Hitler that the impending Allied invasion at Normandy was going to take place at Calais. Because of this trickery, Hitler held back several panzer divisions and ensured the success of the attack, saving thousands of lives.

西班牙農夫約翰·會可能是歷史上最偉大的雙面間諜。他極度痛恨阿道夫·希特勒，但是因爲當時西班牙持中立立場，他沒辦法直接和納粹鬥爭。於是他假意向德國投誠，成爲納粹的間諜，暗地裏卻向同盟軍傳遞消息，成功地扮演了雙面間諜的角色。他最傑出的貢獻與諾曼底登陸有關。他和英國安全局（MI5，軍情5處）串通，讓希特勒相信同盟軍將在加來（法國北部城市）而非諾曼底登陸。這個花招讓希特勒撤回了許多坦克部隊，保證了對納粹作戰的成功，拯救了成千上萬的生命。

ey Gottlieb brought LSD to the CIA

8.西德尼·戈特利布：將LSD致幻劑帶至中央情報局

One of the most notorious American spies in the Cold War orchestrated mind control experiments on US citizens. In the 1950s and 60s, Sidney Gottlieb was in charge of a secret CIA project called MK-ULTRA and conducted experiments on the possibility of mind control. Gottlieb was a strong advocate for LSD and under his direction, many people were unwittingly dosed with the drug and their reactions observed. One was Army officer Frank Olson, who ended up committing suicide nine days later. The program was exposed in the 1970s, but Gottlieb was exonerated and given a medal of honor. He died at the age of 80 in India, after having retired there.

西德尼·戈特利布是冷戰期間美國最臭名昭著的間諜之一，他在美國民衆身上實施了思想控制實驗。在20世紀50年代至60年代，他負責執行一項有關思想控制實驗的、叫做MK-ULTRA的美國中央情報局絕密任務。西德尼是LSD致幻劑的狂熱擁躉者，在他的主持下，許多公民被無意識地注入致幻劑並被暗中觀察。其中，軍火商弗蘭克·奧爾森受致幻劑影響於9天后自殺。這項計劃在20世紀70年代被披露，但是戈特利布卻得以獲赦並且還獲得了榮譽獎章。退休之後，他死於印度，享年80歲。

ann Gortz was Nazi spy who parachuted into Ireland

9.赫爾曼·格爾茨：被空投到愛爾蘭的納粹間諜

One of the Third Reich's most notorious spies was Hermann Gortz, who lead a couple of failed missions. The first was in 1936, when he was arrested in Britain after sketches of an air force base were found in a house he was renting; he was jailed for four years and deported back to Germany. Afterward, he devised a scheme to parachute into Ireland and hope to convince the IRA to side with the Nazis. The first part of the plot was successful — he landed in a field in Ireland in 1940 and established contact. However, a raid by the Irish Police uncovered the plot and Gortz went into hiding for 18 months. He was captured and held in Ireland throughout the war. In 1947, when faced with being deported back to Germany to stand trial for war crimes, he took a cyanide pill and died instantly.

赫爾曼·格爾茨是德意志第三帝國（即納粹德國）最有名的間諜之一，但是他的“有名”卻在於多次任務失敗。第一次失敗在1936年，他在出租屋內留下的英國空軍基地結構圖被發現，被判4年監禁並遣返德國。接着他想出了一個空投計劃——將自己空投到愛爾蘭去勸降愛爾蘭共和軍。任務初期進展順利，1940年，他確實成功在愛爾蘭着陸並建立起了接應點。但是後來，愛爾蘭警察在突擊行動中發現了他的藏身之處，他不得不在外躲藏18個月，並且後來還是被捕並在愛爾蘭監禁至戰爭結束。1947年，他在被遣返德國面對戰爭犯審判途中咬開氰化物膠囊自殺。

e Boyd was a spy for the Confederate Army

10.百利·博伊德：爲南部同盟軍而戰

Maria "Belle" Boyd was a Southerner who spied on the Union during the American Civil War. Relying on her Southern charm, she infiltrated Union soldier camps and was able to glean valuable information. In one famous episode, she ran on foot to Major General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's brigade to give him last minute information before an attack. Belle was arrested several times and finally incarcerated in Washington D.C. but never gave up her love for the Confederacy, hanging the Confederate flag in her cell and sending messages to her supporters with a bow and arrow. After her release, she wrote several memoirs and toured the US, marrying twice and dying in poverty in 1900.

百利·博伊德原名瑪利亞·博伊德，美國南部人，是美國內戰期間對美利堅聯盟軍的間諜。她憑藉自己的美色進入美國聯盟軍軍營並獲取了許多重要情報。有一次，她徒步跑到聯盟軍托馬斯·傑克森將軍（有“石牆傑克森”之稱）部隊駐紮的地方，成功傳遞了敵人進攻的緊急情報。她曾多次被捕並被關在華盛頓的國會監獄之中，但是始終不改初心，忠於聯盟軍，甚至在監獄中懸掛聯盟軍旗幟、用弓箭向己方傳遞消息。被釋放之後，她撰寫了許多回憶錄，進行全國旅行，兩次嫁人，最後於1900年潦倒而死。