睡眠專家對失眠和夢境的見解
A sleep expert talks insomnia, dreams
睡眠專家對失眠和夢境的見解
Sleep usually leaves people feeling rested and refreshed, but for the patients of clinical neurologist Guy Leschziner, their non-waking moments are generally anything but peaceful. One realizes that she's been taking her motorcycle out for a ride while fast asleep only after her landlady asks her where she went. Another moves around in his sleep, acting out his dreams — and terrifying his partner in the process. Still others suffer from insomnia, sleep deprivation, and night terrors.
睡覺通常會讓人放鬆、神清氣爽，但對臨牀神經學家Guy Leschziner的患者而言，他們的睡眠時刻一點兒都不平靜。其中一位患者意識到，她一直在外面騎摩托車，只有當房東問她去哪了之後，她才能快速入睡。另一位患者會在睡夢中動來動去——甚至嚇壞了另一半。而其他人則失眠、缺覺、夜驚。
Leschziner describes their cases. "These cases are interesting in two separate ways — the first is just simply the drama of the stories, the human experiences of these patients," Leschziner says. "But also, when one looks at the extremes, it informs us normal as well. By seeing these patients and seeing where the problem is in the brain, we understand something about how our brains regulate sleep."
Leschziner描述了這些病例。“這些病例非常有趣，原因有二——其一，這只是戲劇性的故事，是這些患者的人性經歷，”Leschziner說道。“但從極端角度而言，它也提醒了我們普通人。通過觀察這些患者，瞭解他們大腦中的問題，我們逐漸瞭解大腦對睡眠的調節。”
The Verge spoke with Leschziner about what makes for a good night's sleep, what's going on in the brain when we dream, and how sleep disorders could provide a window into other health issues. This interview has been lightly edited for clarity.
The Verge期刊與Leschziner展開對話：怎樣纔算睡了個好覺？做夢時大腦會發生哪些變化？睡眠障礙如何帶來其它健康問題？爲清晰起見，我們已對本次採訪略作編輯。
You write a lot about abnormal sleep and the patients that you've encountered in your practice. I'd like to start off by asking about the opposite: what does a normal good night's sleep look like?
您寫了很多關於睡眠異常及就診患者的稿子。但我想從反方面問您一個問題：怎樣纔算睡了個好覺？
Sleep — as well as being an objective experience — is also a subjective experience. From an objective perspective, a good night's sleep is viewed as having a sufficiently consolidated night's sleep, divided into one or two tranches. If one looks at the population, seven to eight hours is seen as the optimal amount of sleep. But for each individual, the subjective experience of sleep is somewhat different. There could be people who wake up several times a night, but wake up feeling refreshed. Whereas for other people, what is apparently and objectively a good night's sleep, can make them feel extremely tired and unrefreshed. So there is this kind of disparity between the objective physical manifestation of sleep and the subjective experience.
睡覺既是一種客觀經歷，也是一種主觀經歷。從客觀角度而言，夜間睡眠量充足即可認爲睡了個好覺，這分爲一或兩個層次。就所有人而言，7至8小時睡眠被視爲最佳睡眠量。但就個人層面而言，主觀睡眠經歷卻略有不同。有些人可能會一夜醒來好幾次，但睡醒後卻覺得精神煥發。對其他人而言，客觀的好覺會讓他們覺得異常疲憊、無精打采。所以，這就是睡眠的客觀身體表現和主觀體驗的差異。
