典型高考英語陷阱題詳解•代詞類

1. _____ with any common sense can tell the difference between the two.
A. Who B. Whoever
C. Anyone D. Who ever
【陷阱】容易誤選B。
【分析】最佳答案爲C。有的同學誤選B主要是因爲受以下這類句子的影響：
Whoever comes will be welcome. 任何人來都歡迎。
Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要這書都可拿去。
Whoever gets the job will have a lot of work. 誰要是得到這份工作就有很多事要做。
以上三句中 whoever 引導的均爲主語從句，其中的 whoever均可換成 anyone who，但是不能換成 anyone。以上試題從表面上看，與以上各例很相似，其實它們有本質的不同，即 _____ with any common sense 中沒有謂語動詞，所以我們不能選 whoever。此題的正確答案爲C，anyone 爲句子主語，with any common sense 爲修飾 anyone 的定語。現將此題稍作改動如下，答案選B：
_______ has any common sense can tell the difference between the two.
A. Who B. Whoever
C. Anyone D. Who ever

2. The dictionary is really useful. Every boy and girl _____ it and they each _____ to buy one.
A. like, want B. likes, wants
C. likes, want D. like, wants
【陷阱】容易誤選D。認爲前面一空填複數動詞，因爲其主語是 boy and girl，爲複數；第二空填單數動詞，因爲其前有 each，表示"每一個"。
【分析】事實上，此題應選C。因爲按英語習慣，every 後接兩個並列的單數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數，即第一空填 likes；而第二空要填複數動詞 want，是因爲其前的主語是 they 而不是 each（each 爲主語的同位語）。

3. Everyone knows that Canada is larger than _____ country in Asia.
A. any B. any other
C. other D. another
【陷阱】容易誤選B。選擇的依據是以下大家熟悉的句型(其中的 other 不可省略)：
He is taller than any other student in our class. 他是我們班最高的。
English is more widely used in international intercourse than any other language today. 現今英語在國際交往中比其他任何語言用得都廣。
【分析】但是上面一題與這類句子有所不同。這類句型到底該不該加 other，主要應看所談論的對象是否在比較的範圍之內：若在範圍之內，則用 other (以排除自己與自己比較)；若不在範圍之內，則不用 other。比較下面一題：
China is larger than _____ country in Asia.
A. any B. any other C. other D. another
此題應選B，因爲 China 在 Asia 的範圍之內。假若選A，則表示"中國比亞洲的任何國家都大"，而中國本身也是亞洲國家，由此則得出"中國比中國大"的荒謬結論。而選B，則表示"中國比亞洲任何其他國家要大"，這才合乎事實。

4. "What do you think of them?" "I don't know _____ is better, so I've taken _____ of them."
A. what, both B. what, none
C. which, both D. which, none
【陷阱】幾個干擾均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案爲C。做好此題的關鍵是要注意句中的 better 一詞，由於better 用的是比較級，說明比較的對象應是兩者，由此可推知第二空應填both；另一方面，由於所談論的是兩者，說明選擇範圍比較窄、比較明確，所以第一空應填 which。

5. "Would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of beer?" "____ will do, but milk is _____ popular with me."
A. Neither, not B. Both, more
C. Either, the most D. All, the most
【陷阱】很容易誤選B，因爲前文提到 coffee 和 beer 爲兩者，所以有的同學就認爲應選 both 和 more 與之對應(more 爲比較級，指兩者比較)。
【分析】做對此題的關鍵是要注意到下文提到的 milk既不是 coffee 也不是 beer，而是除這兩者外的第三者，故第二空應填 the most，即此題最佳答案爲C。

6. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?
A. where B. what
C. how D. which
此題答案選D，主要與上文的some book or other (某一本書)這一語境有關，全句句意爲："我在某一本書上讀到過它，是哪一本書這很重要嗎?"請看類似試題：
(1) "Who told you?" "Oh, somebody or other, I've forgotten _____."
A. what B. when
C. which D. who
此題最佳答案爲D。句意爲："誰告訴你的？""噢，有個人，我忘記是哪一個了。"
(2) Some of the students were late for the meeting, but I can't remember _____.
A. what B. when
C. which D. whom
此題最佳答案爲C。句意爲"有些學生開會遲到了，但我不記得是哪些學生了"。

7. These trousers are dirty and wet - I'll change into my _____.
A. another B. trousers
C. others D. other
【陷阱】容易誤選A、B。
【分析】最佳答案爲C。是從語法上看，another 後通常接單數名詞，而不接trousers 這樣的複數名詞（若用 another pair 則可以）；也不能選 trousers 是因爲填它句子意思不通。最佳答案應選C，others 相當於 other trousers，其中的 other 與前面的 these 相對照。

8. Her lecture was hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to _____.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
【陷阱】容易誤選B。選擇依據可能是one ... the other ...這一常用結構。
【分析】最佳答案爲D。使用one ... the other ... 時，我們通常是針對兩者而言的，即指"兩者中的一個......，另一個......"；如果所談論的情況不是針對兩者而言的，而是針對多者而言的，那麼我們就不宜在 one 後使用 the other，而考慮用 another。又如(答案均選D，即選 another)：
(1) Those cakes look delicious. Could I have _____ one?
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
(2) I have many such novels. I'll bring _____ tomorrow.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
(3) Saying is one thing and doing is _____.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
比較以下各例：
(1) Shut ____ eye, Jim.
A. another B. some other
C. other D. the other
答案選D，因爲人的眼睛只有兩隻，故用 one ... the other ... 結構。
(2) It's sometimes hard to tell one twin from _____.
A. another B. some other
C. other D. the other
答案選D，twin 意爲"孿生子之一"、"雙胞胎之一"，即指兩者之一，故用 one ... the other ... 這一結構。

9. There are four bedrooms, ______ with its own bathroom.
A. all B. each
C. every D. either
此題容易誤選A，認爲既然前面出現了 four bedrooms，故填 all 與之對應。其實，此題的最佳答案應爲B，原因是空格後的隱藏信息 its，它表示空格處應填一個單數代詞，但是不能選C，因爲 every 不能這樣單獨使用。

10. "It's said that he is a wise leader." "Oh, no, he is _____ but a wise leader."
A. anything B. anyone
C. anybody D. anywhere
【陷阱】容易誤選B、C。因爲句子主語指人，似乎只有B、C才與之一致。
【分析】其實，正確答案應選A。因爲 anything but 是習語，意爲"根本不是"或"一點也不"，不僅可用於事物，也可用於人。如：
I'll do anything but that. 我絕不會幹那種事。
The party was anything but a success. 晚會根本不成功。
Her father was anything but a poet. 她父親根本不是詩人。
Such a man was anything but a hero. 那樣的人絕不算英雄。

11. Tell _______ you like - it makes no difference to me.
A. anyone B. who
C. whoever D. what
【陷阱】容易從中文字面來理解而誤選A或B。
【分析】最佳答案選 C。但若將A, B兩項合起來，即用 anyone who這樣的形式則也可以。選 C，whoever 引導一個賓語從句，用作動詞 tell的賓語。同樣地，請看以下類似試題：
(1) _____ comes is welcome.
A. Anyone B. Who
C. Anyone who D. Everyone
此題很容易誤選A，因爲從漢語意思來分析，可理解爲"任何人來都歡迎"，但若選A，此句的結構是混亂的，句中有兩個謂語動詞 comes 和 is，但卻只是一個句子。此題應選C，anyone 是句子主語，who comes 是修飾 anyone 的定語從句。
(2) _____ comes to see me, tell him I'm out.
A. Anyone B. Who
C. Whoever D. Everyone
此題很容易按漢語意思誤選A，其實應選C。whoever 引導的是讓步狀語從句，相當於 no matter who。
(3) Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests.
A. anyone B. whomever
C. whoever D. no matter who
此題不能選A，假若選A，應在其後加上 who，即用 anyone who；也不能選B，一是因爲空格處應填一個作主語的詞(因爲其後有謂語動詞 shares)，二是因爲在現代英語中 whomever 這個詞已基本廢除 (也就是說，在現代英語中 whoever 既用作主語，也用作賓語，如：Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room. 你在會議室裏看見誰就把它給誰)；也不能選D，因爲 no matter who只用於引導讓步狀語從句，不用於引導名詞性從句。此題正確答案爲C，whoever 在此相當於 anyone who。
比較下例，答案應選A，而不是B、C或D(注意句意)：
It was a matter of _____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever
C. whom D. whomever

12. The teacher told us that the problem was not _____ easy and that we should think _____ over carefully.
A. such, it B. that, it
C. such, 不填 D. that，不填
【陷阱】容易根據漢語字面意思誤選C。
【分析】最佳答案選 B。第一空填that，that 用作副詞，相當於 so，又如：
Is it always that hot? 總那麼熱嗎?（其中的 that hot 可以換成 so hot，但不能換成 such hot）
I can only tell you that much. 我只能告訴你這麼多。（其中的 that much 可以換成 so much，但不能換成 such much）
注意第一空不能填such，因爲such 不用作副詞，即它不用於修飾形容詞。
另外，漢語中說"好好想一想"，通常可以不帶賓語，但英語中的think over 是及物動詞，如果用它來表示"好好想一想"，應根據上下文的語境讓它帶上適當的賓語，所以本題應用 think it over，相當於 think the problem over。

13. The camera isn't good enough; I want to change ______.
A. another B. a good one
C. it with another D. it for another
【陷阱】容易根據漢語字面意思誤選A、B。
【分析】此題最佳答案爲D。英語中的 change sth 表示的是"換某物"，sth 是被換的東西，而 change sth for sth else 表示的纔是"用某物換另一物"。比較：
That coat was too large and I had to change it. 那件外套太大了，我得去換一件。
That coat was too large and I had to change it for a smaller one. 那件外套太大了，我得去換一件小一點的。

14. I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ______.
A. everything B. anything
C. something D. nothing
【陷阱】此題容易誤選 B，生搬硬套不定代詞用法規則：something 用於肯定句，anything 用於否定句或疑問句。
【分析】其實此題應選 A，注意前文的 I agree with most of what you said(我同意你說的大部分內容)，其後的not 與 everything 構成部分否定，意爲"不是所有的都同意"，前後兩部分用轉折連詞 but 連接，語氣通順、連貫。請看一個類似的例子：
______ likes money, but money is not ______.
A. Everyone, everything B. Anyone, anything
C. Someone, nothing D. Nobody, everything
最佳答案選A，句意爲"大家都喜歡錢，但錢不是萬能的"。

15. "Is there ______ here?" "No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave."
A. anybody B. everybody
C. somebody D. nobody
【陷阱】此題容易誤選 A。認爲這是一般疑問句，要用 anybody。
【分析】其實此題應選B，主要與上下文的語境有關。全文語境爲："大家都到齊了嗎？""沒有，Bob 和Tim 兩人請假了。"假若我們將此題作如下變換，則情形就會有所不同：
"Is there ______ here?" "Yes, I'm upstairs. Please come and help me."
A. anybody B. everybody
C. somebody D. nobody
此題的最佳答案應是A，而不是B。
請再看一例：
"Do you have _____ at home now, Mary?" "No, we still have to get some fruit and tea."
A. something B. anything
C. everything D. nothing
答案選C，句意爲"瑪麗，現在家裏東西都準備齊了嗎？""還沒有，我們還要買些水果和茶。"

16. "If you want a necklace, I'll buy one for you at once." "Oh, no. A necklace is not _____ that I need most."
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
【陷阱】此題容易誤選A，機械地套用以下規則：something 用於肯定句，anything 用於否定句或疑問句。
【分析】當然以上規則在通常情況下是有效的，但此句不屬通常用法。此題的最佳答案應是B，something 在此的意思不是"某種東西"，而是指"那種東西"或"這種東西"，即心中最想要的那種東西(相當於 the thing)。同樣地，下面幾題的最佳答案也是 something，而不是 anything：
(1) It's not _____ that we want to talk about; let's change the subject.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
(2) It's not _____ I enjoy; I do it purely out of a sense of duty.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
(3) Self-control is not _____ that comes with your birth.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
(4) This is not _____ that would disturb me anyway.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything

17. Some say one thing, but _____.
A. other, another B. others, another
C. others, the other D. the others, others
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案選B。but others another 爲 but others say another 之省略。在並列句中，若後面分句與前面分句有相同的詞，常把後一分句中的相同部分給省略掉，以避免重複。如：
One soldier was killed and another wounded. 有一名士兵被打死，另一名被打傷。(wounded 前省略了 was)
I work in a factory and my brother on a farm. 我在工廠工作，我弟弟在農場工作。(on a farm 前省略了 works)
My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房間在三樓，他的房間在四樓。（on the third 前省略了 is）

18. He is a hard-working student, _____ who will be successful in whatever career he chooses.
A. that B. he
C. one D. which
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】此題答案選C，one 相當於 a student。類似地，以下各題也選one，它們分別相當於 a table, a break, a question, a Mexican carpet, a moment：
(1) A table made of steel costs more than _______ made of wood.
A. one B. it
C. those D. which
(2)"Why don't we take a little break?" "Didn't we just have _____?"
A. it B. that
C. one D. this
(3) The question is _____ of great importance.
A. that B. it
C. one D. what
(4) She wants a Mexican carpet, but she can't afford to buy ______.
A. one 　 B. it
C. them 　 D. the one
(5) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _____ I will always treasure.
A. that B. one
C. it D. what