典型高考英語陷阱題詳解 名詞類
1. Her father works as a _________ in a hotel and her mother a _________ in a private company.
A. cooker, typewriter B. cook, typist C. cooker, typist D. cook, typewriter
【陷阱】誤選A，許多同學想當然地認爲：cook用作動詞，表示“煮飯”，所以cooker應是其相應的名詞，表示“煮飯的人”，即“廚師”；type用作動詞，表示“打字”，所以typewriter應表示“打字員”。
【分析】而事實是：cook=廚師，cooker=炊具；typist=打字員，typewriter=打字機。即此題正確答案爲B。
2. "Why couldn't they meet us at five o'clock?" "Because they were delayed by _________."
A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics C. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics
【陷阱】B、C、D三項均容易誤選。
【分析】對於此題，首先要明確traffic爲不可數名詞，沒有複數形式，故排除B和D。另外，漢語習慣說“交通擁擠”，而英語習慣上卻不能用crowded來修飾traffic，要表示漢語的“交通擁擠”，英語通常說heavy traffic，即選A。如下一題也是選A：
She is not a competent driver and can't cope with driving in _________.
A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics C. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics
3. By all _________, you must try every _________ to help him.
A. mean, mean B. means, means C. means, mean D. mean, means
【陷阱】誤選C，認爲第一空前有all修飾，故用all means，而第二空前有every修飾，故用mean。
【分析】其實，means是一個單複數同形的名詞，並且永遠帶有尾-s。換句話說，在表示“方式”、“方法”時，不存在mean這一形式（mean主要用作動詞，表示“意思是”；也可用作名詞，表示“中間”、“中庸”）。此題正確答案爲B，by all means爲習語，意爲“一定”、“盡一切辦法”。順便說一句，means用作主語時，其謂語的數需根據句意來確定。比較：All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的辦法都已經試過了。Every possible means has been tried. 每種可能的辦法都已經試過了。若句意不能明確地表明主語的單複數，其謂語則用單數或複數均可。如：
Is [Are] there any other means of getting more money? 還有其他什麼辦法可弄到更多錢嗎？
4. Jim is _________ person, and everyone is willing to be _________ with him.
A. so kind a, friends B. so a kind, friends C. so kind a, friend D. so a kind, friend
【陷阱】誤選D。認爲 friend要用單數。
【分析】其實此題最佳答案爲A。so kind a person相當於such a kind person相當 ，注意兩者中冠詞的位置不同。be friends with是習語，意爲“與......友好”、“跟......做朋友”，與之同義的還有make friends with。值得說明的是，這類短語中的名詞總是用複數，即使句子主語爲單數也是如此。如：He is friends with me. 他與我是朋友。He has made friends with everyone here. 他與這兒的每個人交上了朋友。
5. She raised her finger to her lips as _________ for silence.
A. an idea B. a mark C. a sign D. a word
【陷阱】容易誤選B。
【分析】應選C，sign與mark的區別是：sign 的意思是“跡象”、“徵兆”，gesture or movement made with the hand, head, etc, used to give information, a command, etc(用手或頭等做出示意動作以傳遞信息或命令等)；mark 的意思是 written or printed symbol or figure, line etc made as signor an indication of sth(書寫與印刷的符號或圖、線等記號)。根據此二詞的語義區別以及常識可知答案爲C。類似地，下面兩題的答案也是C：
(1) Those black clouds are a sure _________ that it's going to rain.
A. thing B. mark C. sign D. one
(2) Just as a famous Chinese saying goes, a timely heavy snow is a _________ of good harvest next year.
A. mark B. track C. sign D. appearance
但是，下面一題卻不能選sign，也不能選mark，而選symbol（象徵）：
The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n) _________ of courage and power.
A. example B. sign C. mark so-tab-count; D. symbol
順便說一句，在近幾年的高考中像這類結合詞義區別以及語境和生活常識進行考查的試題經常出現，同學們需引起注意。
6. "May I take your order now?" "We'd like three black _________ and two green _________."
A. coffee, cups B. coffees, teas C. cups of coffee, tea D. cup of coffees, teas
【陷阱】誤選C，認爲coffee和tea均爲不可數名詞，不能後加複數詞尾-s，從而排除選項A、B、D。
【分析】選B。有的同學認爲coffee和tea是物質名詞，不可數，不能用three coffees, two teas這樣的表達。其實，coffee既可用作不可數名詞，表示“咖啡”這種物質，也可用作可數名詞，表示“一杯咖啡”，即在口語中three coffees就等於three cups of coffee。同樣，“三杯茶”既可說成three cups of tea，也可說成three teas；“三杯啤酒”既可說成three glasses of beer，也可說成three beers。
