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初中英語定語從句解題技巧

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近幾年中考英語主要考查定語從句的引導詞,尤其是關係代詞所佔的比重較大,主要以單項選擇題的形式出現。下面就是小編給大家帶來的初中英語定語從句解題技巧,希望大家喜歡!

初中英語定語從句解題技巧

一、定語從句的概念和用法

在複合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。

如:A plane is a machine that/which can fly. 飛機是一種會飛的機器。

The boy who/that broke the window is called Mike.打破窗戶的那個男孩叫邁克。

The man (whom/who/that) I met in the street is my teacher.我在街上見到的那個人是我的老師。

I will never forget the day when (on which) I joined the League.我將永遠不會忘記我入團的那一天。

This is the house where (in which) he lived ten years ago.這就是十年前他住過的房子。

I know the reason why (for which) she missed the train. 我知道她沒趕上火車的原因。

上面六句中的machine,boy,man,day,house和reason是定語從句所修飾的詞,叫作“先行詞”。定語從句放在先行詞的後面。引導定語從句的關係代詞有that,which,who(賓格whom,所有格whose)等和關係副詞where,when,why等。關係代詞和關係副詞在定語從句中充當句子成分。

例1:It’s time to say goodbye to my school.I’ll always remember the people____________have helped me.

A. who B. what C. which D. where

解析:先行詞指人,做主語,選A。

例2:This is the novel____________is written by Guo Jingming.

A. who B. what C. that D. /

解析:先行詞指物,做主語,選C。

例3:The shirt____________John bought me fits me very well.

A. which B. what C. as D. whose

解析:先行詞指物,做賓語,可省略,選A。

例4:That’s the man____________house was destroyed in the storm.

A. that B. whose C. who D. which

解析:先行詞指人,做定語,選B。

例5:Ten months has passed,but Chinese people still remember those exciting days____________they spent during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

A. that B. who C. when

解析:先行詞指時間,做賓語,可省略,選A。

二、定語從句的主謂一致

關係代詞在定語從句中做主語時,不能省略,從句中謂語動詞的人稱和數要與先行詞保持一致。注意當“one of +複數名詞”位於關係代詞前做先行詞時,從句的謂語動詞通常用複數形式。

例6:This is one of the books which____________written by Lu Xun.

A. am B. is C. was D. were

解析:該題的先行詞爲books,故答案應爲D。本句的意思爲“這是魯迅所寫的書中的一本”。但當one前有the (only),the (very)等修飾時,從句的謂語動詞要用單數。

如:She is the only one of the girls who has learned French. 她是這些女孩中唯一一個學習法語的。

三、只能用that引導的情況

在下列情況下只能用that引導,不能用who或which引導:

1.當先行詞是all,none,one,any,few,little,much,everything,nothing,anything等不定代詞時

例7:Is there anything____________I can do for you?

A. what B. which C. that D. this

解析:句意爲“有什麼我可以爲你做的嗎?”故答案爲C。

2. 當先行詞被序數詞修飾時

例8:This is the first place____________we visited last year.

A. where B. that C. which D. what

解析:句意爲“這就是去年我們首先參觀的地方”。故答案爲B。

3. 當先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時

例9:This is the best film____________I’ve ever seen.

A. that B. which C. what D. it

解析:句意爲“這是我看過的最好的一部電影”。故答案爲A。

4. 當先行詞被the very,the only,the last,any,every修飾時

例10:This is the very book____________I am looking for.

A. it B. which C. this D. that

解析:句意爲“這正是我在尋找的那本書”。故答案爲D。

5. 當先行詞既指人又指物時

例11: They talked about things and persons____________they remembered at school.

A. who B. that C. whom D. which

解析:句意爲“他們談到他們記得的在學校時的人和事”。故答案爲B。

6. 當先行詞是疑問詞who,what,which時

例12:Who is the man____________is working there?

A. that B. who C. whom D. which

解析:句意爲“在那兒工作的人是誰?”故答案爲A。

四、只能用which不能用that引導的情況

1. 引導非限制性定語從句,修飾某物或整個句子時

例13:He takes a walk every day,____________is good for his health.

A. when B. it C. which D. that

解析:句意爲“他每天散步,這對他的健康有好處”。故答案爲C。

2. 當先行詞在從句中做介詞的賓語且介詞前置時

例14:The hotel at____________we stayed was very small.

A. where B. what C. that D. which

解析:句意爲“我們住的旅店很小”。故答案爲D。