雅思聽力多選題難點解析
一般多選題分爲5選2和7選3兩種，極偶爾會有7選2這樣的情況，2個或3個答案相互獨立，且答案順序不影響評分，即這2個或者3個答案並非算做同1題，不過，也極偶爾會出現2個或者3個選項只算1題的情況。在雅思聽力評分中，3題的正確率就可以有0.5分的影響了，所以多選題也是我們每題必爭的。下面對雅思聽力多選題的解題難點和對策做詳細的分析。
一、雅思聽力選擇題之：同義替換
同義替換是聽力選擇題的核心考點，多選題肯定也不例外，同義互換給考生造成的疑惑點也可想而知，如果沒有聽懂原文的意思，那麼很難將原文相應內容與選項內容對應上，也就直接導致答案選不對甚至直接感覺答案都沒在聽力原文裏出現過。多選題和單選題很像，同義替換的位置不僅會在選項上，同樣也會在題幹裏面，而且同義替換的方式多變。
比如，劍橋4 Test2 Section3的第25, 26兩題：
What TWO disadvantages of the questionnaire form of data collection do the students discuss?
A. the data is sometimes invalid
B. Too few people may respond
C. It is less likely to reveal the unexpected
D. In can only be used with literate populations
E. There is a delay between the distribution and return of questionnaire
原文：
ROSA: No, I’m sure it talked drawbacks as well, didn’t it? Something about the response rate and the problems you get if it’s too low. (B)
MICK: Yeah, but we only need data from five subjects anyway.
ROSA: I suppose so. Another drawback I remember it mentioned was that questionnaire data tends not to reveal anything unexpected (C), because it is……
我們不難發現，問題當中的disadvantage這個詞，換成了drawback, 還有選項B中的few替換成了too low。這些同義替換都是最基本的近義詞、同義詞間的互換。
而且這些同義替換都是常見的，重複出現的，所以難度不大。對於這樣的題目或者說這樣的同義替換，考生們肯定要在平時多積累常見的同義替換的單詞、詞組，多去延伸某一個單詞的近義詞、同義詞。就拿上面那個例子當中disadvantage 和drawback的同義替換來說，在劍橋3、劍橋7、劍橋9當中出現了至少4次。
當然也有同義替換難度比較大的，比如：劍橋6 Test1 Section4的第38, 39, 40三題：
Which THREE of the following problems are mentioned in the connection with 20th century housing in the East End?
A. Unsympathetic landlords
B. Unclean water
C. Heating problems
D. High rents
E. Over crowing
F. Poor standards of building
G. Houses catching fire
答案C, E, F在文中對應的內容爲：
Houses were crowded closely together and usually very badly built. (F)
Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used, like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room. (C)
A tiny, damp, unhealthy house like this might well be occupied by two full families, possibly including several children, grandparents, aunts and uncles. (E)
這樣的同義替換是一種概括總結型的同義替換，這樣的替換方式沒有辦法死記，因爲每次替換的內容都可以不一樣，不像近義詞同義詞的對等替換，概括總結型的同義替換是一種從屬性質的替換，選項在意思上將原文內容意思高度概括，從而達到一種對應，這樣的替換不僅要求考生聽懂原文當中句子的意思，而且還要有同義互換的主動意識，也就是說要能夠在聽懂意思的基礎上積極主動的去思考聽懂的信息是否與某個選項匹配。否則，很多考生就會聽懂原文意思，但沒有反應過來聽懂的意思可以和哪個選項對應。
