中資銀行因經濟再平衡獲益
As part of China’s anti-corruption drive, the free liquor and even bottled water disappeared from the hotels housing guests for the 19th Party Congress, which concluded last week. But despite the austere note on which the core leadership insisted, there was a congratulatory air about the proceedings.
作爲中國反腐運動的一部分，在上週閉幕的中共第19次全國代表大會（十九大）期間，免費的白酒甚至瓶裝水都從與會者下榻的酒店裏消失了。但是，儘管中共核心領導層保持艱苦樸素的基調，外界卻對十九大感到歡欣鼓舞。The reflationary trade may be moribund in the US, but across the Pacific it is alive and well. Consider one small indication noted by Chris Wood, strategist at CLSA: ICBC, the largest bank in China and in the world, is trading above book value in relatively cynical Hong Kong for the first time in more than two years. “The improvement in Chinese banks’ reported asset quality can be seen in the continuing rally in Chinese bank stocks, where a re-rating is now taking place,” he notes.
美國的通貨再膨脹交易或許行將滅亡，但在整個太平洋地區，這種交易依然活躍。想一想里昂證券(CLSA)策略師克里斯?伍德(Chris Wood)指出的一個小跡象：在相對持懷疑態度的香港市場，中國乃至世界最大銀行中國工商銀行(ICBC)的股價2年多來首次超過賬面價值。“中資銀行報告的資產質量的改善，體現在中資銀行股的持續上揚中，這些銀行股正得到重新評級，”他指出。Banks are generally a proxy for wider economic trends. In this case, the recovery of the share prices of ICBC and its peers reflects two benign developments.
銀行通常是整體經濟趨勢的晴雨表。在這種情況下，中國工商銀行及其他中資銀行的股價復甦，反映出兩個良性發展。
For one thing, the rate of growth of debt — widely seen by bearish hedge fund managers as one day triggering a systemic financial crisis — has slowed. Indeed, the second quarter was the first since 2011 in which debt actually declined, according to Haibin Zhu, chief China economist at JPMorgan in Hong Kong.
一方面，債務增長速度放緩了，此前悲觀的對衝基金公司廣泛認爲債務增長總有一天會引發系統性金融危機。的確，摩根大通(JPMorgan)駐香港首席中國經濟學家朱海斌表示，今年第二季度是2011年以來債務首次實際發生下降。Although the drop in total debt (including the shadow banks) was “marginal”, as Mr Zhu notes, the composition of that debt has also shifted. The share of corporate lending in the total is down, while that of households is increasing. That, in turn, means the long-promised rebalancing of the economy from investment to consumption is gaining momentum.
儘管總債務（包括影子銀行）的下降“微不足道”，但朱海斌指出，債務的構成發生了變化。企業貸款在總債務中的比例下降，而家庭貸款的比例正在上升。這進而意味着，長期許諾的經濟從投資轉向消費的再平衡正在形成勢頭。The banks are double beneficiaries of this because loans to households, especially for mortgages, are less likely to become problem assets. Moreover, banks can also charge more to consumers, thereby improving their margins.
銀行是這一變化的雙重受益者，因爲對家庭發放的貸款，尤其是抵押貸款，成爲問題資產的可能性更低。此外，銀行還可以向消費者收取更多費用，從而提高自身的利潤率。
Financial stocks make up nearly 24 per cent of the MSCI China index, which has been a star performer year to date. Given that these positive trends in the quality of banks’ balance sheets are still in their early days, not only are the banks far less likely to bring down the system, they may even be as highly regarded by investors as they are by the leadership.
金融股佔MSCI中國指數(MSCI China index)近24%，這類股票今年迄今的表現十分出色。考慮到有關銀行資產負債表質量的積極趨勢仍處於早期階段，銀行不僅不太可能引發系統性問題，還可能在投資者那裏得到它們在領導層已經得到的高度重視。
