嫌遊客太多破壞環境 新西蘭將向外國遊客徵稅大綱
近年來新西蘭成爲了全球遊客的熱門旅行地，旅遊業的空前繁榮促進了新西蘭的經濟增長，但也使其基礎設施緊張不堪，當地人抱怨一度寧靜的大自然裏充斥着人和垃圾。日前，新西蘭政府宣佈，將向外國遊客徵收“旅遊稅”，來維護基礎設施、保護自然環境。
Tourists to New Zealand are set to be stung with a new tax but Australians have been given a free pass.
到新西蘭旅遊的外國遊客又要多準備一筆錢用來交稅，澳大利亞人除外。
From late next year, international visitors heading to New Zealand will pay between NZ$25 and NZ$35 to get into the country, the government announced on Friday.
新西蘭政府15日宣佈，從明年下半年起，來新西蘭旅遊的外國遊客入境將需繳納25到35新西蘭元（合111到156元人民幣）的稅。
However, Australian citizens and permanent residents, people from Pacific Islands Forum countries and children under two will be exempt.
不過，澳大利亞公民和永久居民、太平洋島國論壇成員國國民和兩歲以內幼童可以免交新稅。
The move reflects an ongoing debate within New Zealand about the environmental and infrastructure pressures put on the country by booming tourism growth.
此舉反映出新西蘭國內關於旅遊業興旺發展對環境和基礎設施產生壓力的持久爭論。
In the year to April, about 3.8 million tourists visited New Zealand, a country with a population of about 4.7 million.
到四月份爲止，今年已有約380萬外國遊客來新西蘭旅遊，新西蘭本國人口約爲470萬。
Of those, the biggest group were Australians, making up 39%, or nearly 1.5m visits.
赴新西蘭旅遊人數最多的是澳大利亞人，近150萬人次到訪，佔39%。
The conservation minister, Eugenie Sage, said she hoped visitors would understand.
新西蘭環保部部長尤金妮婭·塞吉說，她希望遊客能夠理解。
“It’s only fair that they make a small contribution so that we can help provide the infrastructure they need and better protect the natural places they enjoy,” she said.
她說：“每個遊客出一點錢，讓我們能夠維護他們所需的基礎設施，更好地保護他們所享受的自然場所，這樣才公平。”
The tax is expected to raise up to NZ$80m in the first year, with the money to be split between tourism infrastructure and conservation funding.
第一年所獲得的旅遊稅預計將達到8000萬新西蘭元，這部分錢將分給旅遊基礎設施和環保基金。
It will be collected through a newly proposed electronic travel registration process.
旅遊稅將通過一個新的電子旅遊註冊程序來徵收。
The announcement comes weeks after New Zealand’s government revealed it would double the charge for those staying in huts on some of the country’s most popular hikes.
在宣佈旅遊稅幾周前，新西蘭政府透露將把部分最熱門徒步旅行地的度假屋費用提高一倍。
旅遊稅並非新西蘭首創，來看看還有哪些國家徵收或計劃徵收旅遊稅：
土庫曼斯坦
從2017年8月1日開始，土庫曼斯坦境內居住在賓館和私人住宅的外國公民和無國籍人士每天繳納2美元的旅遊稅。
博茨瓦納
博茨瓦納於2017年6月1日起向所有入境博茨瓦納的旅客（不含南部非洲發展共同體國家護照持有者和博茨瓦納本國公民）徵收“旅遊發展稅”。每人每次30美元。
日本
日本打算面向從日本離境的商務人士和訪日外國遊客每人徵收1000日元（約合人民幣58元）的“國際觀光旅客稅”，計劃從2019年1月起施行。
