喝健怡可樂會給你的身體帶來這些變化
When artificial sweeteners first took the grocery store by storm, they seemed like the answer to everyone's prayers. People who wanted their fizzy drinks could finally enjoy the sweet foods they craved without packing on the calories-or so they believed.
當人造甜味劑第一次風靡雜貨店的時候，這似乎是每個人都在祈禱的答案。喜歡碳酸飲料的人終於可以吃到想了好久的甜食，同時又不用擔心體內熱量增加了--或者至少他們是這麼認爲的。But once those no- and low-caloric sweeteners started flooding the marketplace, researchers began studying the effects, and it's pretty clear, looking back, that calorie-free drinks are much less healthy than we thought.
但一旦這些無熱量和低熱量的甜味劑開始蜂擁擠入超市時，研究員開始研究了它們的效果，很明顯，回顧過去，不含熱量的飲料並沒有我們以爲的那麼健康。We looked into the science on artificial sweeteners and diet soda, and here's what we found.
我們查看了有關人造甜味劑和健怡可樂的科學研究，有了以下發現。
Changes In Your Gut
腸道變化According to a 2014 study published in the science journal Nature, fake sweeteners can change how your body processes sugar. Artificial sweeteners can change your intestines microbiome, which increases glucose intolerance. The study found this to be true in animal test subjects, which demonstrated the gut response to be probable in healthy human subjects.
2014年發表在《自然》期刊上的一篇研究表明，人造甜味劑能改變身體消化糖的方式。人造甜味劑能夠改變腸道微生物羣，從而增加葡萄糖耐受不良。研究發現這一點在受試動物對象上是成立的，這就表明健康的人類也有可能出現這種腸道反應。Weight Gain and Increased Belly Fat
體重增加、腹部脂肪增多People often drink diet soda in an attempt to help them lose weight, but it actually might have the opposite effect. A 2015 study published in the American Journal of Geriatrics Society found an association between older Americans who drank diet soda daily over a nine year period ended the study with waist circumferences, on average, nearly 3 inches larger than their counterparts who didn't drink diet soda.
有些人經常喝健怡可樂希望達到減肥目的，但實際上可能會帶來相反效果。2015年發表在美國《老年醫學學會雜誌》（Journal of Geriatrics Society）上的一篇文章發現：在爲期九年的研究中，與不喝健怡可樂的受試者相比，每天都喝健怡可樂的美國老年人平均腰圍變粗3英寸。Increased Appetite and Sugar Cravings
食慾增加、更想吃糖Another study from the University of Illinois found those who try to cut calories with diet soda may compensate with higher calorie meals, also leading to weight gain. This was the same conclusion reached in a study published by the American Journal of Public Health. The University of Illinois study acknowledges the possibility of an opposite correlation, suggesting those who indulge in unhealthy choices may use diet soda to compensate.
另一項來自伊利諾伊大學的研究發現：試圖喝健怡可樂減少熱量的人可能會食用卡路里更高的菜餚，以作爲補償，從而導致體重增加。美國《公共衛生雜誌》上發表的一項研究也得出了這樣的結論。伊利諾伊大學的研究承認了相反關係的可能性，表明沉溺於不健康飲食的人們可能會喝健怡可樂，以作爲補償。Additionally, a 2010 paper published in the Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine found that artificial sweeteners can boost appetite and sugar cravings. As the authors explained: "Artificial sweeteners, precisely because they are sweet, encourage sugar craving and sugar dependence. Repeated exposure trains flavor preference."
此外，2010年於耶魯《生物學與醫學雜誌》發表的一篇文章發現：人造甜味劑能增加食慾，使人們更想吃糖。研究作者解釋道："人造甜味劑，正是因爲它們很甜，所以會使人們更想吃糖，對糖產生依賴。重複攝入會培養人們的味道偏好。"
