騰訊和網易主導中國遊戲市場

Chinese gaming companies now dominate their home country, with overseas companies losing out to domestic rivals in the world’s largest video games market as consumers increasingly shift from PCs to mobile phones to play.

隨着消費者越來越多地從電腦轉向手機，中國遊戲公司現在佔據了國內市場主導地位，海外公司在全球最大視頻遊戲市場輸給本土競爭對手。

Nine of the 10 most popular mobile phone games in China last year were developed by local companies, according to App Annie, a consultancy that ranks titles by number of monthly active players.

根據月活用戶數量對遊戲進行排名的諮詢機構App Annie表示，去年中國最受歡迎的10大手機遊戲中有9款是國內公司開發的。

Internet giant Tencent led with six titles in the top 10, with gaming contributing more than half of the company’s revenues last year. The company’s efforts were led by battle game Honour of Kings, the world’s most lucrative title last year.

互聯網巨頭騰訊(Tencent)在10大手遊裏佔了6款，去年該公司一半以上收入來自遊戲。騰訊最大的成就是對戰遊戲《王者榮耀》(Honour of Kings)，這是去年全球最賺錢的遊戲。

It was the first year mobile gaming accounted for more than half of the market, underlining China’s shift away from PC gaming.

去年手機遊戲首次佔據一半以上游戲市場，突顯中國遊戲玩家正從電腦轉向移動設備。

Mobile games in China took in $17.6bn in sales, up 42 per cent from 2016 and accounting for just over half of China’s $33bn video games market in 2017, according to consultancy NewZoo.

根據諮詢公司NewZoo的數據，中國的手機遊戲銷售額達到176億美元，比2016年增長了42%，且佔2017年中國330億美元視頻遊戲市場的一半以上。

Chinese games took three-quarters of income generated in Chinese Android app stores last year, according to NewZoo.

NewZoo表示，中國遊戲去年在境內安卓(Android)應用商店產生的收入中佔四分之三。

On the Chinese Apple app store, less than 5 per cent of revenues went to Western companies.

在中國的蘋果(Apple)應用商店，西方公司的收入佔比不到5%。

“Western games are underperforming in mobile in China,” said Peter Warman, NewZoo’s chief executive, with experts pointing to foreign companies producing mobile games ill-suited to the country’s tastes and barriers to foreigners operating in China.

NewZoo首席執行官彼得?沃曼(Peter Warman)表示：“西方遊戲在中國手遊市場表現欠佳。”專家們指出，外國公司生產的手機遊戲不適合中國口味，且受制於一些外商在華經營阻礙。

Overseas developers typically make simple games for mobile devices aimed at casual users, but Chinese players prefer more complex games, such as those involving role-playing as fantasy characters, according to Chenyu Cui, an analyst at IHS Markit.

IHS Markit分析師陳玉翠認爲，海外開發者一般針對休閒使用者製作簡單的手遊，但中國玩家更喜歡較爲複雜的遊戲，比如那些扮演成幻想人物的角色扮演遊戲。

Foreign companies are also hampered by regulations introduced in 2016 requiring all mobile games to be vetted by censors before they are released.

外國公司也受到2016年頒佈的法規的阻礙，該法規要求所有手機遊戲在發佈之前經過審查人員審查。

US and European companies also face obstacles in promoting their games in China, whose mobile users mostly have Android phones but where Google Play’s app store is blocked. Tencent and its Chinese rival Netease offer alternative Android app stores and are able to use them to promote their own games.

美國和歐洲公司在中國推廣遊戲方面也面臨障礙，中國移動用戶大多使用安卓手機，但Google Play應用商店在中國被屏蔽。騰訊及其國內競爭對手網易(Netease)提供替代的安卓應用商店，並能用它們來推廣自己的遊戲。

Overseas developers are barred from selling games to Android users in local app stores unless they team up with a local company. Chinese groups such as Tencent, which owns the hugely popular messaging service Weibo, can leverage their own social networks in the country to promote their proprietary games.

海外開發商被禁止在境內應用商店向安卓用戶銷售遊戲——除非它們與某一家本土公司合作。騰訊等中國集團可以利用它們在國內的社交網絡來推廣自己的遊戲；騰訊擁有高人氣的消息服務微信(WeChat)。

The sole title in the top 10 developed outside of China was CrossFire, a first-person shooter designed by a South Korean company and licensed for sale in the country by Tencent.

10大手遊中唯一由海外公司開發的遊戲是《穿越火線》(CrossFire)，這是一家韓國公司設計的第一人稱射擊遊戲，授權騰訊在中國銷售。