2016年12月英語六級真題答案解析【試卷一】（文都教育版）
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on innovation. Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation.You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
【參考範文】
It is universally acknowledged that innovation refers to being creative, unique and different. In fact, today it is impossibly difficult for us to image a 21st century without innovation.
We should place a high value on innovation firstly because innovative spirit can enable an individual to ameliorate himself, so he can be equipped with capacity to see what others cannot see, be qualified for future career promotion, and be ready for meeting the forthcoming challenges. What’s more, we ought to attach importance to the role played by innovation in economic advancement. Put it another way, in this ever-changing world, innovation to economic growth is what water is to fish. To sum up, if innovation misses our attention in any possible way, we will suffer a great loss beyond imagination.
In order to encourage innovation, it is wise for us to take some feasible measures. For example, mass media should greatly publicize the significance of creative spirit and encourage the public to cultivate awareness of innovation. Besides, those who manage to innovate should be awarded generous prize. Though there is a long way ahead to go, I am firmly certain that the shared efforts will be paid off.
【參考譯文】
衆所周知創新意味着有創造力，獨一無二和不同。事實上，今天我們已經很難想想一個沒有創新的21世紀。
我們應該重視創新首先是因爲創新精神可以讓一個人完善自身，這樣他才能具備見他人所未見的能力，未來纔有資格得到職業生涯的進步，才能做好準備迎接以後的挑戰。另外，我們也應該重視創新在經濟發展方面的作用。在這個多變的時代，創新對於經濟增長就像水對於魚一樣重要。換言之，如果我們以任何可能的形式無視創新的重要性，我們將遭受非常巨大的損失。
爲了鼓勵創新，應該採取一些且行之有效的措施。例如，大衆傳媒應該大力宣傳創新精神的重要性，並且鼓勵公衆養成創新的意識。此外，對於那些想法設法進行創新的人要給予豐厚的獎勵。雖然還有很長的路要走，但是我堅信大家共同付出的努力會得到回報。
【試題點評】
這篇六級作文試題中規中矩，屬於命題提綱式作文。題目要求考生就創新進行寫作，而且明確要求要寫出創新的重要作用以及鼓勵創新的措施。大家可以採取經典的寫作三段論結構，即首段開門見山引出主題（可用定義法開篇，如範文）——主體段闡述創新的重要性（對於個人和社會的重要意義）——結尾段提出建議如何鼓勵創新（建議仍然是從個人和社會着眼）。總體而言，這篇作文難度中等，尤其是對於在文都複習考研的同學而言更是a piece of cake小菜一碟，因爲類似的語料我們在文都的考研英語寫作課程上已經聽老師講解了無數遍，熟能生巧，會者不難。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A Conversation
Conversation 1氣候變化和全球經濟發展
W: Professor Henderson could you give us a brief overview of what you do, where you work and your main area of research?
M: Well the Center for Climate Research where I work links the science of climate change to issues around economics and policy.
Some of our research is to do with the likely impacts of climate change and all of the associated risks.
W: And how strong is the evidence that climate change is happening that it's really something we need to be worried about.
M: Well most of the science of climate change particularly that to do with global warming is simply fact.
But other aspects of the science are less certain or at least more disputed.
And so we're really talking about risk what the economics tells us is that it's probably cheaper to avoid climate change to avoid the risk than it has to deal with the likely consequences.
W: So what are we doing? What can we do about it?
M: Well I would argue that we need to develop the science specifically to understand the likely impacts of climate change in different contexts.
As I said we need to understand the best ways of avoiding climate change and this will involve a huge transition to low carbon energy systems and the transition is a tremendous priority.
And for this to happen, we may need action on a global scale from a political perspective.
We need to understand the terms on which major countries like China and the USA might sign up to a global agreement because at the moment we don't have that consensus.
W: Right.
M: And we also need to plan ahead so that we're in a position to deal with the likely levels of climate change which are already inevitable and even more so to for the levels that are likely if we don't get those global agreements.
Q1. What does Professor H say about his main area of research?
A It tries to predict the possible trends of global climate change.
B It studies the impact of global climate change on people’s lives.
C It links the science of climate change to economic and policy issues.
D It focuses on the efforts countries can make to deal with global warning.
[答案]C
Q2. What does Professor H say about climate change?
A It will take a long time before a consensus is reached on its impact.
B It would be more costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it.
C It is the most pressing issue confronting all countries.
D It is bound to cause endless disputes among nations.
[答案]B
Q3. What does Professor H say is a top priority in combating climate change?
A The transition to low-carbon energy systems.
B The cooperation among world major powers.
C The signing of a global agreement.
D The raising of people’s awareness.
[答案]A
Q4. What does Professor H advise us to do to better deal with climate change?
A Carry out more research on it.
B Cut down energy consumption.
C Plan well in advance.
D Adopt new technology.
[答案]C
Conversation 2（成功的要素）
W: I have many business English students. When I teach the classroom, we often end up talking about things like success and what leads to success. And it's interesting that many of them mention the element of luck.
M: Right.
W: Luck is important to success. But since you've seen that fantastic video on the TED Talks website by Richard St. John, he doesn't mention luck at all.
M: Well, I'm a firm believer that people can make their own luck. I mean what people regard as luck, you can actually create, to a degree.
W: Sure. I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities that come your way.
M: Yes. Very good point.
W: Seizing the opportunities. But was there any point in the video that you thought was particularly interesting?
M: Yes. Actually there was. Something very impressive to me as many people think that luck is important and that natural talent is something you must have in order to be successful. And in the video we saw, the point about getting good at something is not about having some natural talent. It's all about practice, practice, practice.
W: Definitely yeah. Natural talent helps in some way but at the end of the day you really do need to work hard and get really really good at what you do.
M: Sure.
W: I thought one interesting thing in the video was the idea of passion being so important and that people who really love what they do. Of course you're going to want to work harder and put the time and effort into it. And the funny thing is that if you love what you do and are really passionate about it and work really hard, the money kind of comes automatically.
Q5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A) When luck plays a role.
B) What determines success.
C) Whether practice makes perfect.
D) How important natural talent is.
[答案】[B]
Q6. What is the woman’s view of luck?
A) It knocks at your door only once in a while.
B) It is something that no one can possibly create.
C) It comes naturally out of one’s self-confidence.
D) It means being good at seizing opportunities.
[答案】[D]
Q7. What is the chief point the TED Talks video makes?
Luck rarely contributes to a person’s success.
B) One must have natural talent to be successful.
C) One should always be ready to seize opportunities.
D) Practice is essential to becoming good at something.
[答案】[D]
Q8. What does the woman think is the funny thing in the TED Talks video?
A) Putting time and effort into fun things is profitable.
B) People who love what they do care little about money.
C) Being passionate about work can make one wealthy.
D) People in need of money work hard automatically.
[答案】[C]
Section B Passage
Passage 1（美國惡魔塔的形成原因以及關於它的印第安傳說）
Devil’s Tower, the first national monument in America, could almost be mistaken for the stump of an enormous tree. Its sheer rock sides sweep up from a broad base until they cut off abruptly at the flat summit. Rising more than 1,000 feet in the middle of the gently rolling plains of Wyoming, the massive column of rock, looks as though it was dropped down into this location from a different time and place.
In a sense, it was, Devil’s Tower is a relic of the past. When the melt rock of the earth’s core forced its way to the surface to form the throat of a volcano, as the centuries passed, the rock cooled and hardened, shrinking and cracking into long columns, born in fire and fury. Devil’s Tower was then shaped by the slow, gentle work of wind and water. The outer layers of the volcano were worn away until the hard core stood completely exposed.
It is small wonder that an Indian legend described Devil’s Tower as being formed by supernatural powers. The legend says that when seven girls were attacked by bears, they took refuge on top of a small rock, and they appealed to the Rock God for help. The God caused the rock to grow and to lift the girls far above the ground, while it sides were scored by the claws of the angry bears. Even today, says the legend, the girls can be seen above the towering rock. As seven shining stars in the night sky.
What does the Devil’s Tower look like?
A) The stump of a giant tree.
B) A huge piece of rock.
C) The peak of a mountain.
D) A tall chimney.
[答案】[A]
What cause the volcano’s outer layers to wear away?
A) Human activity.
B) Wind and water.
C) Chemical processes.
D) Fire and fury.
[答案】[B]
What does the Indian legend say about the Devil’s Tower?
.A) It is a historical monument.
B) It was built in ancient times.
C) It is Indians’ sacred place for worship.
D) It was created by supernatural powers.
[答案】[D]
12. How did the Rock God help the seven girl in the Indian legend?
A) By sheltering them in a cave.
B) By killing the attacking bears.
C) By lifting them well above the ground.
D) By taking them to the top of a mountain.
[答案】[C]
Passage 2（如何科學理財）
It’s no accident that most gas stations have convenience stores attached. Few of us can fill up the tank without buying a few snacks, cigarettes，soft drinks or other items we can live without. I deserve it. That’s what hard working men and women say to justify their lavish vacations, big stereo systems or regular restaurant meals. They do deserve such indulgences. However, they also deserve a home of their own--a secure retirement and freedom from worrying about unpaid bills. No one should have to live with what a Texas mother described as constant stress，tension, even fear about money. Sadly the pleasure that comes from extravagances often disappears long before the bills do. The video camera that one single mother bought for a special occasion, for example, is not much fun now. She’s figured out that it will take her another three years to pay it off at $30 a month. And the New Yorkers who spent a bundle on an outdoor hot tub now admit they rarely use it, because we can't afford to heat it in winter. The solution set priorities add up the annual cost of each item. Then consider what else you can buy with the same money. That will help you decide which items are really worth it. One Chicago woman, for example, discovered that daily lunches with coworkers cost her $2000 a year; she decided to take lunch to work instead. “I now put $20 a week into my vacation fund and another 20 into retirement savings, she says, those mean more to me than lunch”.
Q13. What does the speaker say about drivers who stop at gas stations?
A)They will buy something from the convenience stores.
B) They will take advantage of the time to rest a while.
C) They will have their vehicles washed or serviced.
D) They will pick up some souvenirs or gift items.
[答案】[A]
Q14. What does the speaker say about extravagances?
A) They can bring only temporary pleasures.
B) They are meant for the extremely wealthy.
C) They should be done away with altogether.
D) They may eventually drive one to bankruptcy.
[答案】[A]
Q15. What does a speaker want to show by the example of the Chicago woman?
A) A good way to socialize is to have daily lunch with one’s colleagues.
B) Retirement savings should come first in one’s family budgeting.
C) A vacation will be affordable if one saves 20 dollars a week.
D) Small daily savings can make a big difference in one’s life.
[答案】[D]
Section C -- Recording One
Let’s say you start to brain storm a list of all the emotions you ever experienced. Just for fun, try it now.
What’s on your list? Chances are, you included things like: happy, sad, excited, angry, afraid, grateful, proud, scared, confused, stressed, relaxed and amazed. Now sort your list into two categories: positive emotions and negative emotions.
Feeling both positive and negative emotions is a natural part of being human. We might use the word “negative” to describe more difficult emotions but it does not mean those emotions are bad or we shouldn’t have them. Still, most people were probably rather feel a positive emotion than a negative one. It’s likely you prefer to feel happy instead of sad or confident instead of insecure.
What matters is how our emotions are balanced. How much of each type of the emotion positive or negative we experience.
Negative emotions warn us of threats or challenges that we may need to deal with. For example, fear can alert us to possible danger, it’s a signal that we might need to protect ourselves. Angry feelings warn us that someone is stepping on our toes, crossing a boundary or violating our trust. Anger can be a signal that we might have to act on our own behalf.
Negative emotions focus our awareness. They help us to zero in on a problem so we can deal with it. But too many negative emotions can make us feel overwhelmed, anxious, exhausted or stressed out. When negative emotions are out of balance, problems might seem too big to handle.
The more we dwell on our negative emotions, they more negative we begin to feel. Focusing on negativity just keeps it going.
Positive emotions balance out negative ones, but they have other powerful benefits, too. Instead of narrowing our focus, like negative emotions do, positive emotions affect our brains in ways that increase our awareness, attention and memory. They help us take in more information, hold several ideas in mind at once and understand how different ideas relate to each other.
When positive emotions open us up to new possibilities, we are more able to learn and build on our skills. That leads to doing better on tasks and tests.
People who have plenty of positive emotions in their everyday lives tend to be happier, healthier, learn better and get along well with others.
Q16. What does the speaker say about negative emotions?
A) They should be done away with.
B) They are necessary in our lives.
C) They enrich our experience.
D) They are harmful to health.
[答案】[B]
Q17.What happens to people whose negative emotions are out of balance?
A) They feel stressed out even without any challenges in life.
B) They feel too overwhelmed to deal with life’s problems.
C) They are anxious to free themselves from life’s troubles.
D) They are exhausted even without doing any heavy work.
[答案】[B]
Q18. How do positive emotions affect us?
A) They expand our mind.
B) They prolong our lives.
C) They narrow our focus.
D) They lessen our burdens.
[答案】[A]
Section C -- Recording Two
In the past few months, I've been travelling for weeks at a time with only one suitcase of clothes. One day, I was invited to an important event, and I wanted to wear something special for it. I looked through my suitcase but couldn't find anything to wear. I was lucky to be at the technology conference then, and I had access to 3D printers. So I quickly designed a skirt on my computer, and I loaded the file on the printer. It just printed the pieces overnight. The next morning, I just took all the pieces, assembled them together in my hotel room, and this is actually the skirt that I'm wearing right now.
So it wasn't the first time that I printed clothes. For my senior collection at fashion design school, I decided to try and 3D print an entire fashion collection from my home. The problem was that I barely knew anything about 3D printing, and I had only nine months to figure out how to print five fashionable looks.
I always felt most creative when I worked from home. I love experimenting with new materials, and I always tried to develop new techniques to make the most unique textiles for my fashion projects.
One summer break, I came here to New York for an internship at a fashion house in Chinatown. We worked on two incredible dresses that were 3D printed. They were amazing -- like you can see here. But I had a few problems with them. They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable. The models couldn't sit in them, and they even got scratched from the plastics under their arms.
So now, the main challenge was to find the right material for printing clothes with, I mean the material you feed the printer with. The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Filaflex, which is a new kind of printing material. It's strong, yet very flexible. And with it, I was able to print the first garment, a red jacket that had the word "freedom" ded into it. And actually, you can easily download this jacket, and change the word to something else. For example, your name or your sweetheart's name.
So I think in the future, materials will evolve, and they will look and feel like fabrics we know today, like cotton or silk.
Q19. What does the speaker say about the skirt she is wearing now?
A) It is not easily breakable.
B) It came from a 3D printer.
C) It represents the latest style.
D) It was made by a fashion designer.
[答案】[B]
Q20. When did the speaker start experimenting with 3D printing?
A) When she had just graduated from her college.
B) When she attended a conference in New York
C) When she was studying at a fashion design school.
D) When she attended a fashion show nine months ago.
[答案】[C]
Q21. What was the problem with the material the speaker worked on at a New York fashion house?
A) It was difficult to print.
B) It was hard to come by.
C) It was hard and breakable.
D) It was extremely expensive.
[答案】[C]
Q22. What does the speaker say about Filaflex?
A)It is the latest model of a 3D printer.
B)It is a plastic widely used in 3D printing.
C)It gives fashion designers room for imagination.
D)It marks a breakthrough in printing material.
[答案】[D]
Section C -- Recording Two
23. [A] They arise from the advances in technology.
24. [D] It is intensively competitive.
25. [D] Sharing of costs with each other.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
26. [O] vanished
解析：從語法上判斷，本空應該填入一個動詞的過去分詞，與前面的have構成現在完成時，再根據語義應該選擇vanished，Some have vanished 意爲：一些已經消失。
27. [M] undergone
解析：從語法上判斷，本空應該填入一個動詞的過去分詞，與前面的have構成現在完成時，再根據語義應該選擇undergone，but all have undergone changes意爲：但是所有的社會團體都經歷了改變。
28. [D] expanding
解析：從語法上判斷，本空的詞應該是形容詞類的，再根據語義應該選擇expanding，expanding machine civilization意爲：擴大的機器文明。
29. [K] survived
解析：從語法上判斷，本空應該填入一個動詞的過去分詞，與前面的have構成現在完成時，再根據語義應該選擇survived，have survived in the modern world意爲：在現代社會當中倖存了下來。
30. [H] process
解析：從語法上判斷，本空應該填入一個名詞做前面resisted的賓語，have resisted the homogenization process. 意爲：抵制了同化進程。
31. [L] terminals
解析：從語法上判斷，本空應該填入一個名詞，in railway or bus terminals意爲：在火車站或者汽車站。
32. [E] industrialized
解析：從語法上判斷，本空的詞應該是形容詞類的，用來修飾America，industrialized America意爲：工業化的美國。
33. [F] perceived
解析：從語法上判斷，本空的詞應該是過去分詞，與前面的are 構成被動語態，The Amish are often perceived by other Americans to be relics of the past 意爲：阿米什人經常被其他的美國人看作是過去的遺物。
34. [B] conveniences
解析：從語法上判斷，本空應該填入一個名詞做前面abandon的賓語，abandon modern conveniences 意爲：拋棄了現代的便利。
35. [G] practice
解析：從語法上判斷，本空應該填入一個動詞做後面the virtues的謂語，practice the virtues of work and thrift意爲：踐行工作和節約的美德。
Section B
36.[J] 對應關鍵詞，題幹中提到Chinese officials和scientific research, 定位到J段，此段中同時出現了這兩個關鍵詞。
37.[C] 劃出關鍵詞efforts, ocean sancturies, Russian’s obstruction, 然後定位到C段，此時看到while Russian frustrated efforts, frustrate=obstruct, 所以跟題幹信息匹配。
38.[E] 對應題幹中的關鍵詞Russia, America’s dominance（美國的主導地位），跟E段信息Russia, the dominance of America完全匹配.
39.[G] 題幹中有關鍵詞geologist’s estimate,以及oil and natural gas，去文中定位，看到G段的oil and gas, 然後向下找信息，找到了geologist estimate,所以39題爲G段的總結。
40.[D] 通過關鍵詞richest reserves, fresh water on earth定位到D段，找到biggest reserve,發現前邊有estimate，題幹也有動詞estimate; 然後看到fresh water on planet，planet=earth, 所以非常確定D爲正確選項。
41. [I] 通過關鍵詞demand for energy resources和renegotiate匹配到I選項。
42. [B]題幹中提到many countries很多國家彼此之間競爭以增加對南極洲的影響Antarctica，所以定位到B段落.
43. [H]定位詞是harsh nature conditions南極洲嚴酷的自然環境給開發資源造成了巨大的障礙，匹配關鍵詞到H段落。
44. [Q] 南極洲不在受白人國家的主導，white nations定位到Q段落。
45. [L]美國科學家抱怨缺乏足夠的資金和設備，只有L選項中提到了資金和工具的不足，因此對應到L選項。
Section C
Passage One
46. [D]
解析：答案定位在文章第一段，其中“veteran nicotine addict”直接對應題目中的chain smokers，而根據that 從句內的“plays no role in the decision to keep smoking”就可以選出正確選項D：
“香菸的包裝對於老煙槍選擇戒菸與否而言幾乎沒有任何影響”。
47. [A]
解析：答案定位在第二段的第一句及第三段的最後一句：在第二段中，But that is not why the government - under pressure from .... party - has agreed to legislate for standardised packaging. 縱然原句意思爲“這並不是政府同意針對香菸的包裝立法”；在第三段中“Since tobacco is one of the biggest causes of premature death in the UK, a measure that tames the habits even by a fraction is worth trying”，在英國由於吸菸而導致早產兒大批死亡，英國政府幫這些老煙槍們改變吸菸的嗜好的任何嘗試都是值得的；因此，答案就尤爲明顯了，因此補辦選出答案A：“英國政府就香菸包裝的標準化通過了法案”。
48. [B]
解析：答案定位在第三段的第三句“this approach has led over time to a fall in smoking numbers having roughly halved since the 1970s. Evidence from Australia suggests plain packaging pushes society further along that road.”這一方法使得吸菸者數量銳減，尤其是在澳大利亞而言，這一方法頗見成效。這樣選項B就尤其明顯了。
49. [A]
解析：答案定位在第四段“David Cameron’s election campaign........(David Cameron denied...in legislative program me)”及最後一句話中“now we are told Members of .......is dissolved in March”。在特殊符號裏“括號”中，首相Cameron否認在其顧問在外的經濟利益與法案改變之間有聯繫，並在最後一句中指出將會讓國會議員投票。由此答案就尤爲明顯，可以定位到A選項。
50. [C]
解析：答案定位在第四段的最後一句“his attitude to state intervention... checkouts fueled obesity”，答案由“checkouts fueled obesity”體現：“檢測出導致肥胖”。由此，答案選C。
Section C
Passage Two
51. [A]
本題問的是作者的觀點。文都英語老師希望大家記住，任何時候，問誰的觀點就只能找誰的觀點，千萬不能偷換主語。像這種觀點態度題，一般在文章的結尾出現、或者是通過作者的用詞的字裏行間來體現。在第三段的段尾指出，研究表明上過大學的學生們不僅在大學裏面受益，而且他們通常會比沒上過大學的學生更加健康和快樂。從這句話能看出，作者對上大學還是持一種贊成的態度的。所以選A項。
52. [D]
本題根據題幹中的專有名詞British可以回到原文定位至第一段，在第一段的文末，作者說：大學畢業不能保證一個很好的工作，60%的人從事的工作都和他們之前的專業不相關。這和D選項爲近義表達。
53. [C]
根據題幹中的關鍵詞可以定位至第三段的倒數第二句話，教育是學生在講座和研討會之間的互相學習。而講座和研討會是在課堂之外的，所以這和C選項的含義相近。
54. [B]
關於上大學的好處，這在第四段的第四句話有提到，“學生在大學裏有可能會遇到以後可能會處於領導地位的人”，這和B選項的“遇見那些未來對你會有幫助的人”含義相同。
55. [D]
本題爲推理題，切記推理題一定要是自己推理出來的，原文中已有的，或者是推的太遠的選項都是不對的。在最後一段的第一句話中，作者有說“也許爲什麼許多大學沒有教給他們學生許多東西的原因是，他們知道即使學生什麼都沒有學到，但是在一個頂級學校裏學習，就是對未來的一個美好的投資”。這句話的表達和D項含義相近。
Part IV Translation (30minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese to
English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
隨着生活水平的提高，度假在中國人生活中的作用越來越重要。過去，中國人的時間主要花在謀生上，很少有機會外出旅行。然而，近年來中國旅遊業發展迅速。經濟的繁榮和富裕中產階級的出現，引發了一個前所未有的旅遊熱潮。中國人不僅在國內旅遊，出國旅遊也越來越普遍。2016年國慶節假日期間，旅遊消費總計超過4000億元。據世界貿易組織估計，2020年中國將成爲世界上最大的旅遊國，在未來幾年裏將成爲處境旅遊支出增長最快的國家。
【參考譯文】
With the improvement of living standards, vacation is playing an increasingly important role in Chinese people’s life. In the past, Chinese people mainly spent their time on earning a living and seldom didthey have the opportunities to travel abroad. However, the recent years has witnessed a fast development of China’s tourism industry. The boom of economy and emergence of the affluent middle class, has triggered an unprecedented tourism boom. Chinese people are not only traveling within China, but traveling abroad is also becoming more and more popular. During the National Day holiday of 2016, the consumption of tourism adds up to more than 400 billion. According to the estimate of the WTO, China will become the country with the largest tourism industry in the world in2020, and it will become the country with the fastest consumption increase in traveling abroad in the next few years.
【點評】
此次題目考的是常見熱點話題旅遊熱潮，無論從詞彙和句子結構來說，對同學們不會造成太大障礙。不過在翻譯時，學生們可以嘗試使用一些高級的英語句型結構，使自己的翻譯更加出彩。比如通過使用抽象名詞做主語，把China’s tourism industry has been developing fast in the recent years.替換爲高級結構the recent years has witnessed a fast development of China’s tourism industry。通過使用倒裝結構把People seldom hadthe opportunities to travel abroad. 換成倒裝句seldom didthey have the opportunities to travel abroad.
